Munich Laim train station
| Munich-Laim | |
|---|---|
 Platforms of the Munich-Laim train station
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| Data | |
| Location in the network | Separation station |
| Platform tracks | 3 |
| abbreviation | ML |
| IBNR | 8004151 |
| Price range | 3 |
| opening | May 1, 1893 (Laim Rbf) August 30, 1894 (Laim Pbf) |
| location | |
| City / municipality | Munich |
| country | Bavaria |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 8 '40 " N , 11 ° 30' 12" E |
| Railway lines | |
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| Railway stations in Bavaria | |
The Munich-Laim station is a larger railway facility west of Munich Central Station .
history
In the 1880s there was a sharp increase in the volume of traffic in Munich, so that the previous freight transport facilities of the Munich Central Station were no longer sufficient. A separation of freight and passenger traffic on the one hand and local freight and through traffic on the other was urgently needed. The Royal Bavarian State Government therefore started planning to build its own marshalling yard . This was to be built to the west of Munich in the municipality of Laim , as there was sufficient space there on the previously agriculturally used areas directly on the main line from Munich to Pasing . In 1890 the Bavarian government approved the construction of the marshalling yard, and construction began in 1891. In the course of the construction work, the previous level crossing was replaced in 1891 by the Laimer underpass , which still exists today . In order to be able to connect the Munich – Regensburg railway directly to the marshalling yard that was under construction, the line was relocated to the west on September 28, 1892, between Central Station and Feldmoching Station . The new route ran south of the marshalling yard and branched off at its western end parallel to the Munich – Ingolstadt railway line in a northerly direction from the main line to Pasing.
Even during the construction work it became clear that the station was not sufficiently dimensioned for the increasing freight traffic. Accordingly, further land had to be bought up for the extension of the railway facilities. On May 1, 1893, the Royal Bavarian State Railways put the first section of the marshalling yard into operation. At the same time, the initially single-track connecting lines to Moosach , Allach , Pasing, Mittersendling and Munich South went into operation. From 1894, the lines to Pasing and the Südbahnhof were double-tracked. On February 15, 1895, the Bavarian State Railways began operations in Munich-Laim Rbf, and construction work was completed in 1896.
South of the marshalling yard, the Laim passenger station was built above the new Laim underpass. On August 30, 1894, the station was opened as the provisional end point of the double-track suburban railway that connected the Central Station with Laim parallel to the long-distance railway tracks. On May 1, 1895, the extension of the suburban railway to Pasing station went into operation.
Due to the strong increase in traffic, the new Munich-Laim marshalling yard proved to be too small after just a few years. In 1896 the Bavarian State Government began planning a further marshalling yard in east Munich to relieve the Laim train station. Since these plans were initially not implemented for cost reasons, the Laim marshalling yard was expanded from 1908 to 1911 instead. After completion of the renovation work, there were now eight entry, eleven exit and 26 direction tracks as well as two pull-out tracks . This meant that 2400 wagons could be processed daily over the two waste mountains . Around 1911, almost 500 railway employees were working at Laim station.
Since the construction of the Munich East marshalling yard, which began in 1912, could not be completed due to financial problems, the Laim marshalling yard was expanded again in 1920. However, no great increase in capacity could be achieved. In 1924 the Rbf München Ost was finally opened and was able to partially take over the functions of the Laim marshalling yard.
On February 1, 1926, the Deutsche Reichsbahn commenced electrical operations at the marshalling yard with the electrification of the connecting line to Pasing. The connecting line to Moosach was electrified by December 1, 1926, and the line to the south station by January 3, 1927. On July 30, 1934, the Reichsbahn began operating on the line from Laim to Allach.
During the National Socialist era , plans were made for a reorganization of the Munich railway system. The Munich-Laim marshalling yard, which with its outdated facilities was no longer seen as efficient enough, was to be replaced by a new high-performance marshalling yard in the north of Munich. A new main station was to be built on the area of Rbf Laim, which, as a through station, would replace the previous terminus . Until the construction work was stopped due to the Second World War , only the Munich repair shop was demolished in preparation for the construction of the new main train station , and structural changes to the Laim marshalling yard were no longer made.
During the Second World War, the Laim marshalling yard was of great importance for the war industry and achieved its highest transport performance. Almost all of the deliveries for aircraft production at the BMW plant in Munich were processed via the Laim train station. The air raids on Munich in 1944 and 1945 caused severe damage to the tracks and signal boxes of the marshalling yard. On April 29, 1945, the train service at the marshalling yard was stopped because of the approaching American troops. In May 1946, regular freight traffic was resumed in Laim. Since operations were restricted by the destruction of the war, the Munich-Ludwigsfeld station temporarily took over part of the train formation tasks of the Munich-Laim marshalling yard.
On September 16, 1951, the Deutsche Bundesbahn put a new pushbutton interlocking into operation at the exit in the direction of Pasing , which replaced the previous mechanical interlocking at the western exit. On June 1, 1959, the DB opened a connecting line, which connected the Landsberger Straße junction on the Munich – Augsburg railway line with the line from Laim to the Südbahnhof and was called Sendlinger Spange . As a result, the marshalling yard was relieved of the freight trains passing through from the direction of Augsburg in the direction of the Südring, which could now travel directly over the connecting line. By January 1, 1960, the connection line from Laim to Mittersendling was electrified as the last line to touch the marshalling yard. In 1967 and 1968, two mechanical interlockings of the regional railway type were converted into a push button interlocking and an electromechanical interlocking .
In 1981, a new container terminal for combined cargo traffic (KLV) was built on Arnulfstrasse in the area of Munich's main train station , which was served from the Laim marshalling yard and led to another increase in traffic. From 1984 the fast freight trains of the InterCargo network were treated in Laim. In addition, the Laim station was responsible for the handling of goods handling at Munich Hbf and the rail connections in the west of Munich. In the wagonload traffic in Laim, wagons from long-distance through goods trains operating inland were mainly distributed to local freight trains to serve the local area. Apart from the KLV trains, only a few international freight trains were dealt with in Laim. In 1990, 64 trains a day arrived at Laim station and 74 trains left. An average of 1,500 to 1,600 wagons were handled daily, the maximum output of the station was 2,200 wagons.
In 1987, construction began on the new Munich North marshalling yard , which was to replace the outdated Munich Laim and Munich East marshalling yards. Due to the adjacent track groups and the short track lengths of only 250 meters in some cases, the formation of trains in Laim required a lot of shunting effort. The station was equipped with outdated signaling technology, most of which was still provided by mechanical and electromechanical signal boxes. Extensions to the station were no longer possible due to the limited space available. The Deutsche Bundesbahn therefore saw both continued operation without major investments and modernization of the marshalling yard as uneconomical. In order to increase the capacities for freight traffic in Munich, the new construction of the Munich North marshalling yard was therefore necessary.
In the fall of 1991, the Deutsche Bundesbahn put the Munich North marshalling yard into operation. The tasks of the Laim marshalling yard were gradually shifted to the new marshalling yard. With the opening of the Munich-Riem transshipment station , it took over the tasks of the previous transshipment station on Arnulfstrasse. As a result, the operation of the KLV systems and the goods handling of the main train station by the Laim marshalling yard was no longer required. Only the operation of the sidings remained at the Laim station for the time being. From 1990 to 2010 almost all of the sidings between Munich Central Station and Pasing, which were served from Laim, were shut down, so that the station also lost this task.
Train traffic
Train
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At this station, the S1 lines in the direction of Freising / Airport and S2 in the direction of Dachau / Petershausen / Altomünster separate from the S-Bahn lines S3, S4, S6 and S8 to Pasing .
All S-Bahn trains leave the city on platform 1. A few meters after the platform, the S-Bahn lines 3, 4, 6 and 8 branch off to the right to cross the tracks of the S1 and S2 that have branched off to the left. The next train station in this direction is Pasing , Obermenzing or Moosach . In Pasing you can change to regional and long-distance transport.
The trains from lines S1 and S2 arrive at platform 2. After the platform, the middle track joins the tracks of track 3, where the S-Bahn from Pasing stop. The next stop in the city is Hirschgarten.
The S-Bahn line S20 from / from Pasing / Deisenhofen does not stop at Laim station, but runs south of it on the route to Solln.
The Wotanstrasse crosses under the station in the Laimer underpass with a maximum headroom of 3.20 m. Bus routes 51, 151 and 168 run through the underpass. A tram is also planned here in the medium to long term. The bus routes 51, 131, 151 and 168 stop south of the Laim underpass. At night the night bus route N48 runs here.
In 2008 the S-Bahn station was served by 35,200 travelers every day.
As part of the second main line , Laim station is to be expanded to four tracks and fundamentally rebuilt. Two central platforms and a new platform access, east of the existing Laimer underpass, are to be created. During the renovation, the road tunnel is also to be renewed and a side tunnel with a stop directly under the train station for bus lines and, in the medium term, for tram line 12, will be built. This suggestion is criticized, however, because the bus traffic going south would first have to be unthreaded from private traffic and then re-threaded after the underpass.
The station is part of the planning approval section 1 of the project and marks the western beginning of the second trunk line. The preparatory measures for construction began at the beginning of 2018, the actual renovation of the station is to begin in September 2019 and be completed in early 2024 (status: November 2017).
Freight transport
In the past, Munich-Laim was one of Munich's two marshalling yards, alongside Munich East Rbf . With the commissioning of the new marshalling yard in Munich North , this part of the station lost its importance, as freight wagons were now handled from the new facility. Since the railway needed additional parking space for ICE trains, parts of the old marshalling yard were rebuilt and modernized. Via a connecting track to the depot the trains go into this storage sidings Munich Central Station.
Through freight trains from the direction of Pasing , Ingolstadt or Landshut also pass the Laim station before continuing via Munich-South in the direction of Rosenheim and Austria .
Long-distance transport
Since long-distance traffic uses its own tracks between Pasing and the main train station, Laim train station remains unaffected. Only a few night trains and car trains use the described connection between Munich South and Pasing / Ingolstadt. From May 1992 to December 2012, the Königssee intercity train pair (IC 2082/2083), which is the only long-distance train to circumnavigate Munich Central Station , also used this connection; it now uses the Sendlinger Spange instead .
In the course of a feasibility study for the Munich 21 project at the end of the 1990s, at the request of the City of Munich, the alternative variant Laim - Südring was considered. It provided for through long-distance trains to stop in Munich-Laim and to link them with regional traffic. From Laim, the main station should be bypassed via the Südring (to the Ostbahnhof). The track and route around the station would have been fundamentally changed, and the station itself would have been expanded to include eleven platform edges for long-distance and regional traffic.
Signal boxes
Rail operations at Laim station are handled by various signal boxes:
- The tracks of the S-Bahn are controlled by the electronic signal box (ESTW) of the S-Bahn main line at the Donnersbergerbrücke from the Munich operations center.
- The dispatcher in the depot controls the modernized tracks for the ICE parking .
- The tracks of the former marshalling yard have been controlled by ESTW Laim Rbf since December 2008, which is also connected to the Munich operations center. The track plan signal box from 1951 and two mechanical signal boxes from 1900 (signal box 3) and 1894 (signal box 1) were taken out of service at the same time. Since the commissioning of the ESTW Moosburg / Isar and the associated shutdown of the interlockings in Langenbach (Oberbay) station , interlocking 3 in the Laim marshalling yard has been Bavaria's oldest interlocking that was still in regular operation.
See also
literature
- Klaus-Dieter Korhammer, Armin Franzke, Ernst Rudolph: The hub of the south. Munich railway junction . Hestra-Verlag, Darmstadt 1991, ISBN 3-7771-0236-9 .
Web links
- Tracks in service facilities (MLR) , DB Netz AG (PDF; track plan of Munich-Laim station)
- Location and tracks of the station on the OpenRailwayMap
- Photo documentation of the Munich-Laim train station on doku-des-alltags.de
- Area map and further information about the train station at mvv-muenchen.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Station price list 2020. In: Deutsche Bahn. Deutsche Bahn, January 1, 2020, accessed on July 10, 2020 .
- ↑ Korhammer, Franzke, Rudolph hub of the South . 1991, p. 155 .
- ↑ a b c Korhammer, Franzke, Rudolph: Turntable of the South . 1991, p. 67 .
- ↑ a b c Korhammer, Franzke, Rudolph: Turntable of the South . 1991, p. 152 .
- ↑ a b Korhammer, Franzke, Rudolph: Turntable of the South . 1991, p. 68 .
- ↑ Korhammer, Franzke, Rudolph hub of the South . 1991, p. 18-19 .
- ↑ welt.de: "Bombing railway stations would have been the solution" , from the world of July 18, 2014, accessed on May 14, 2016.
- ↑ Korhammer, Franzke, Rudolph hub of the South . 1991, p. 15 .
- ↑ Korhammer, Franzke, Rudolph hub of the South . 1991, p. 158-159 .
- ↑ Korhammer, Franzke, Rudolph hub of the South . 1991, p. 126 .
- ↑ Korhammer, Franzke, Rudolph hub of the South . 1991, p. 160 .
- ↑ Korhammer, Franzke, Rudolph hub of the South . 1991, p. 73-74 .
- ↑ Korhammer, Franzke, Rudolph hub of the South . 1991, p. 88 .
- ↑ City of Munich, Chamber of Commerce and Industry for Munich and Upper Bavaria (ed.): Inventory, analysis and evaluation of existing siding in Munich and the surrounding area (PDF; 833 kB), Munich, March 1, 2012, accessed on May 14 2016.
- ↑ MVV network-wide traffic survey 2007/2008
- ↑ Eisenbahn-Bundesamt , Munich branch (ed.): Plan approval decision according to § 18 AEG for the project to build a second S-Bahn trunk line Munich, plan approval section (PFA) 1, Munich West, area Laim to Karlsplatz with the main station stop . Munich June 9, 2015, p. 122 ( PDF file [accessed June 12, 2015]). PDF file ( Memento of the original from June 14, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Andreas Schubert: Laimer Bahnhof is being converted for the second main line. In: sueddeutsche.de. November 22, 2017. Retrieved November 22, 2017 .
- ↑ Timetable of the FD 1980 Königssee. In: grahnert.de. Retrieved August 2, 2015 .
- ↑ City of Munich, Department for Urban Planning and Building Regulations (ed.): Decision of the Committee for Urban Planning and Building Regulations of June 19, 2002 . June 19, 2002, p. 4, 8, 9, 12 ( online [PDF]).
