Dalhausen

Dalhausen City of Beverungen Coordinates: 51 ° 37 ′ 40 ″  N , 9 ° 17 ′ 30 ″  E
Height :	165 m above sea level NHN
Area :	7.15 km²
Incorporation :	January 1, 1970
Postal code :	37688
Area code :	05645
Location of Dalhausen in Beverungen
View from the east

Dalhausen is a south-western town of the city of Beverungen in the Höxter district in North Rhine-Westphalia . With around 2000 inhabitants , Dalhausen is the largest district of Beverungen after the city center. The town district includes the on county road 44 to reach the hamlet Bustollen.

Dalhausen has been a Marian pilgrimage site since 1403 and is therefore the oldest Marian pilgrimage site in the Paderborn diocese. The place became known nationwide for its wicker industry, which was later replaced by the furniture industry.

Geographical location

Dalhausen is located approx. 7 km southwest of the Beverung city center in the south-eastern part of East Westphalia . The local boundary of Dalhausen is about 165  m above sea level. NHN in the Bever valley , a south-western tributary of the Weser . The valley location of Dalhausen gave it its name ("The houses in the valley").

Around 10 km (as the crow flies) east-north-east of Dalhausen, north of the city of Bad Karlshafen or on the southern edge of the Solling, is the border triangle Hesse-Lower Saxony-North Rhine-Westphalia (known among other things for the Weser Skywalk on the Hanoverian cliffs ).

Natural conditions

Overview from the Krähenberg

Center of the Krähenberg

The Bever, which flows through the village over its entire length, forms a narrow valley cut into the Tertiary shell limestone area , which has numerous fossils . To the east, the lower-lying red sandstone formations of the Weser Uplands appear. The largely unwooded slopes are correspondingly shaped by the characteristic vegetation form of the limestone grassland , which in historical times only allowed goats to graze. The vegetation is in clear contrast to the Warburg Börde to the west with its very fertile loess soil. The high altitudes dominated by Keuper deposits are determined by a rich mixed beech forest .

“The flat floodplain of the stretched to curving creek” of the Bever is “covered over Pleistocene valley gravel… by a Holocene alluvial clay layer. ... On the stream there is almost all of the bank-stabilizing woody vegetation that has an erosion protection function and at the same time contributes to the structure and vitalization of the floodplain. "

history

Church and town center - view from the Krähenberg

Church - view from the Krähenberg

Mary's Grotto

The historical center of the village was in the extension of the valley through the "Urental" with the church and the oldest farms. The place only became a " street village " through the gradual expansion along the course of the valley.

Local history

Since places with the name ending in -hausen are characteristic of the establishment of settlements in the course of the Franconian conquest , which ended in the region with the Saxon Wars of Charlemagne in the last quarter of the 8th century, the place should be founded in this period.

Dalhausen is first mentioned in a deed of donation from the Benedictine monastery Corvey in 971, when a Countess Magintillis and her property in neighboring Haddenberg (today's Jakobsberg ) assigned 4 Hufen Landes (= 120 acres ) in Dalenhusen , in 1120 owned the monastery Helmarshausen a hoof in Dalhausen. In 1146 and 1153 the diocese of Paderborn first transferred ownership to the Benedictine monastery of Gehrden in Dallessen and Dalsen , respectively , and in 1190 the monastery of Hogardis, Abbess of Neuenheerse , received a mill in Dalhausen. The independent parish of St. Marien Dalhausen was founded in 1221 by the parish of the mother parish Eddes , which was established under the Paderborn bishop Bernhard III. von Oesede took place. The landlady of the previous own church in Dalhausen, a widow F. with her two sons Themmo and Alexander, the previous mother parish and their patron saint, Ministerial S., had to pay the (relatively high) transfer fee of two marks (equivalent to one pound of silver) .

In 1305, the Counts of Everstein , who had established themselves in the region since 1180 after the fall of Henry the Lion, bequeathed their property in Dalhausen to Gehrden Monastery. Together with Dalhausen, the village “Borstolden” (Bustollen) also fell to the Abbey of Gehrden in 1310/13 through the sale or donation of the Lords of Amelunxen , but the two villages Esneberg and Heldersen to the east of the village in Bevertal and Tiefental respectively became deserted in the late Middle Ages and only exists as a hamlet today . The western boundary of the district is marked by the limestone rock of the "Witten (White) Stone", first mentioned in 1409 .

Simultaneously with the transfer of the basic rule of the incorporation of the parish was closed in the monastery Gehrden. At the local church, Gehrden founded his own provost's office , a subsidiary monastery, in 1305 by the Paderborn bishop Otto von Rietberg , which, however, barely flourished beyond the founding phase. The statue of Mary, created at this time (around 1300), soon became the destination of a pilgrimage that still exists today . Its first historical climax is documented for 1403, when a Duchess of Braunschweig - probably Anna von Sachsen-Wittenberg († 1426) , whose husband, Duke Friedrich von Braunschweig , was nominated to the German rival king in 1400, but was murdered on his return journey - donated a gold cloak for the miraculous image . The events of the pre-Reformation pilgrimage can be found in the high altar painting in the parish church. During the time of the Counter Reformation there was a revival of the pilgrimage. Under the Gehrden abbess Dorothea von Juden , who was born in the Borgholz manor family, the parish church was rebuilt in the years 1718-21 as a simple hall with a roof turret in the Weser Baroque style . The church was consecrated by Pantaleon Bruns, who also came from neighboring Borgholz , Auxiliary Bishop of Paderborn and Abbot of Abdinghof . Since 1721 the Visitation of the Virgin Mary (July 2nd) has been added to the original pilgrimage day of the Birth of Mary (September 8th ). In 1779 the monastery owned the monastery courtyard (the "Gehrdische Haus"), as well as a jug and two mills.

"During the Thirty Years' War the village suffered damage from the imperial troops passing through," which is reflected in the local legend of the "blood field".

With the end of the Duchy of Paderborn , Dalhausen fell to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1802 and, after the interlude of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia , finally in 1813 . With the simultaneous dissolution of the Gehrden monastery in 1803, its ownership in Dalhausen was purchased first by Count Wilhelm von Bocholtz and in 1829 by Count Kaspar Heinrich von Sierstorpff , from whose descendants the community was able to acquire it in 1875. The boundary stones "GvS" are still preserved in the district. The (still existing) state church building load for the Dalhausen parish church was legally enforced in 1862/63 by Pastor Karl Schomberg. In 1877 the church received a new tower from the Prussian state building administration. On his initiative, the pastorate was also built to the south of the church around 1870 as a representative solid building on the eaves with a side barn entrance. In 1949–53, under Pastor Joseph Feldmann, the baroque church was integrated into today's new church building according to plans by the architect Friedrich Steinbiß (Paderborn) with the advisory assistance of Alois Fuchs .

Several accidents have come down to us in the 19th century. Flood disasters on the Bever after a sudden thaw occurred on February 23, 1839 and January 20, 1840. "A large-scale water disaster occurred on May 31, 1867. Two thunderstorms erupted over the upper village and unleashed a terrible downpour 20 feet up and carried away what was possible. Six people - two adults and four children - were killed in the floods. " Since 1835, there had been repeated outbreaks of typhus and Colera due to the hygienic conditions, most recently in 1868 as a result of the cholera pandemic that broke out in the Prussian army during the German War (1866) , in which 57 deaths were recorded in the town. On this occasion, the congregation took the vow to refrain from celebrating the carnival for all future.

In 1844–47 the road through the Bevertal was built with manual and clamping services for the population. In 1906 the "Neue Straße" was built to Brakel , which instead of the older "Hellweg" - a branch off the Westphalian Hellweg - was led through the Urental and parallel to the slope over the Spechterberg. In 1876, Dalhausen received a rail connection with the opening of the Holzminden – Scherfede railway line ( taken over by the Prussian State Railways in 1882 ) .

Mayor in the economic hardship after the First World War was Karl Böker until 1928, under whom emergency money notes were issued in 1921 , and until 1933 (again 1956–68) Karl Tewes. Under him, on the initiative of Pastor Ferdinand Remmel, the kindergarten, supervised by Vincentian women from Hildesheim , was built in 1937 and the new elementary school was built in an exposed location above the village in 1962. Gabriele Countess von Looz-Corswarem was the head of the school for many years from 1940 to 1975 . In the interwar period , a Marian grotto was built as a private foundation above the town .

Joseph Alois Behre (1874–1960) emerged from the Dalhausen parish as a particularly noteworthy personality. After studying at the theological faculty in Paderborn and being ordained a priest on March 20, 1899, he became pastor of St. Norbert Church in Buckau near Magdeburg in 1912 , and from 1926 to 1951 he was pastor of St. Kilian in Vörden . He celebrated his golden jubilee as a priest on March 20, 1949 with great sympathy from the village in Dalhausen. Due to his pastoral services and his social commitment, Behre was made a clerical councilor by Lorenz Cardinal Jaeger in 1951 and an honorary citizen by the parishes of Dalhausen and Vörden. Karl Suermann (1932–2000) also comes from the community, from 1974 to 1990 pastor of St. Michael in Siegen , then pastor of St. Katharina in Unna and cathedral chapter of the Archdiocese of Paderborn .

Dalhausen has been twinned with Ault in northern France since 1966 .

Until 1969 Dalhausen was an independent municipality in the Beverungen district . As part of the community reform in the Höxter district , Dalhausen was merged with the city of Beverungen and the ten communities of Amelunxen, Blankenau, Drenke, Haarbrück, Herstelle, Jakobsberg, Rothe, Tietelsen, Wehrden and Würgassen to form the new city of Beverungen on January 1, 1970.

Economic history

The economic basis of the basket- making trade , historically located in Dalhausen, is the basket-willow ( Salix viminalis ), which needs heavy calcareous soils in locations close to water for its growth and is accordingly found as bank planting on the Bever and Weser rivers. Cut into pollarded willows for the production of willow trees, they also represent essential elements that shape the cultural landscape, the preservation of which is carried out today as a landscape maintenance measure after the traditional willow harvest has largely ceased to exist. The willows were watered in the stream bed in the local area, for which the high bank walls with stairways ("An der Langen Reihe"), which still characterize the town today, were created. A basket-making museum founded in 1987 in one of the former production facilities is dedicated to the history of the basket-making trade in Dalhausen. Likewise, works by the Dalhausen artist Karl J. Dierkes - the sculpture "Laundry basket" and the bronze relief "Korbmacherwerkzeuge" - point to the economic history of the place in central places.

The history of the basket making trade in Dalhausen can essentially be traced back to the year 1800, when after the dissolution of the guild regulations, the operation of handicrafts outside the cities was also permitted. At that time around 30% of the population were active in this profession, by 1900 this proportion rose to around 90%. Originally organized mainly in small and medium-sized businesses with up to ten workers with their own sales in the peddler trade, the publishing system with home work soon established itself, in which the publisher provided the raw material, commissioned the work and took care of sales. After the Goldstein company went bankrupt in 1899, the brothers Josef and Alois Böker founded a wicker factory with 70 workers in 1900, which existed until 1992. In 1909, on a cooperative basis, "a cooperative factory was created through the amalgamation of 30 independent masters ... In 1919 the association was converted into a GmbH" and subsequently built its own company building. "Through this company, all members share in the profits and thus have a reserve fund in bad times." The initiator of this project was the local teacher Karl Deppe, who also worked as a choir director and organist from 1893 to 1933, and who also founded the local savings and loan fund . The increased emigration to North America around 1860 led to the founding of several wicker furniture manufacturers by Dalhäuser basket makers in New York .

Dalhausen received a decisive economic impetus with the connection to the Prussian railway system. T. was secured overseas. With the increasing expansion of production, the necessary willow material was obtained from Eastern Europe from 1880, then increasingly from East Asia. When attempts were made again after 1945 to plant their own willow plantations in the village, this was no longer able to stop the decline of the wicker furniture industry. The “cooperative factory” was dissolved around 1960.

In addition, at the beginning of the 19th century, the occupations of the textile trade with linen weavers (5 families) and tailors (6 families) were equally represented as basket makers (11 families), which then increasingly lost their importance. Today only the centrally located "Bleicheplatz" reminds of this early phase of Dalhausen's economic history.

In the 20th century Dalhausen was characterized by the wood industry due to the rich beech population. In historical times, a "board mill" ( sawmill ) is documented in the place. In 1929 - immediately before the global economic crisis - the Boker brothers founded the plywood factory instead of the old village mill, in which plywood panels were industrially produced by peeling round wood . In the time of the economic miracle after the Second World War, several furniture factories emerged in the village, mostly from smaller wicker furniture companies, e.g. B. Möbelwerke A. Decker.

With the end of communal independence, a slow economic decline set in from 1970, which finally led to the relocation or closure of the existing larger businesses. The current focus of employment is in the craft and supply sector.

Population statistics ran parallel to economic development. In 1818 Dalhausen had 601, in 1894 941, in 1919 1,446 and in 1931 already 1,655 inhabitants. As a result of flight and displacement , the number of inhabitants exceeded the number of 2000 for the first time in 1946, a further increase in population was recorded in the economic heyday from 1960 to 1970, when the number of inhabitants rose from 2,046 to 2,429. Since then, the population has tended to decline. In 1993 the population of Dalhausen was still 2,297, in 2014 it was only 1,619. In 2016 1,726 and in 2020 1,757 people were registered in Dalhausen.

Historical customs

In earlier times the course of the year was very much shaped by the Christian high festivals . In addition to the Marian pilgrimage days for the miraculous image of 1300 - the birth of the Virgin on September 8th, the Visitation of the Virgin on July 2nd and above all the Assumption of the Virgin on August 15th - and the Corpus Christi feast with their respective processions, there were some local features in the seasonal customs. Since the Middle Ages, the custom of Easter riding has existed in Dalhausen, which is also documented elsewhere , in which the entire field mark was contested. In the course of the Enlightenment in the 18th century, the church abolished the custom. The custom of the Easter fire , which is lit on the evening of Easter Sunday on the Krähenberg, has been preserved. Christmas singing on Christmas Eve also goes back to the Middle Ages (historically attested since the 17th century), when a different old Christmas carol was sung every hour from a different location above the village until the Christmas mass began. Christmas singing stopped in 2009. On the other hand, the singing of the "marriage song" - also handed down from other German-speaking regions - on the eve of a wedding has survived. Remembering the early affiliation with the parish Edessen annually place - originally on Easter Monday, and later on Whit Monday - a pilgrimage on foot to the chapel at the former church site that Klus Eddessen instead.

Historical building stock

See also : List of architectural monuments in Beverungen

St. Mary's Church in Dalhausen

Interior view of the Sankt-Marien-Kirche in Dalhausen

Urentalstraße 15: Farmhouse from 1759 built as a four-column half-timbered house with a hallway gate

Urentalstrasse 23: Characteristic craftsman's house built in a half-timbered house from the 19th century

Listed two-story half-timbered house in Lange Reihe 5

The parish church of St. Marien (one of the largest in the Höxter district), built in 1949–52 using the previous baroque building, with a church tower set to the side for urban planning reasons, has the clear shapes of abstract historicism. In its cubature as a transept basilica, it is closely related to the Romanesque abbey church of Gehrden. In 1985 the baroque altars from the old church were put up again in the interior. The high altar picture Maria Consolatrix Afflictorum was made by Hermann Veltmann (1661–1723) from Coesfeld , the side altars were made by Hermann Bergenthal in 1912/13 . In 1998 the church received a new 3-manual organ with a baroque front and 43 stops from the organ building company S. Sauer .

Due to the predominantly agricultural structure, the East Westphalian farmhouse type of the four-frame house was predominant until around 1800 , after which there was a change to the eaves-side cross-floor house, in which the commercial and residential parts were separated from each other and also accessible from the street. The transition to small craft businesses with little horticulture then led to the linear construction of simple eaves half-timbered houses, increasingly also in brick towards the end of the 19th century. Despite intensive new construction activity during the period of economic growth after 1950 and the widening of the main thoroughfare around 1970, for which numerous historical buildings, namely the typical local craftsmen's houses, were demolished, a number of historic half-timbered houses have been preserved in the town center:

• Four-column half-timbered gable house with hallway gate, Urentalstrasse 15
• Two-story half-timbered house attached to the eaves, Urentalstrasse 23
• two-storey half-timbered house, long row 5 and 7

Transport and tourism

Marking of the high-altitude hiking trail "Kalkmagerrasen adventure area" near Jakobsberg

Kalkmagerrasen nature reserve

The federal highway 241 is the main street of Dalhausen. The route of today's Kreisstraße 44 to Brakel offers an interesting view of the place.

The place is on the disused railway line Holzminden - Scherfede (train stations Dalhausen ⊙ for the center and Biesberg ⊙ for the district Kleinbochum ). Passenger traffic ended on June 2, 1984; the line was gradually dismantled until 2001.

Dalhausen is integrated into the Westphalian tariff bus route network and can be reached via Beverungen or Warburg. The Beverungen, Bev-Dalhausen, Kirche ⊙ bus stop is the central of a total of 5 bus stops.

The location in the narrow Bevertal with its side valleys and the slopes gives the place a special scenic charm, which the expansion of the settlement area on the slopes could not take away. The scenic beauty of the Bevertal was shown above all in the paintings of the Dalhausen painter Gustav Behre .

The place and its surroundings are little developed for tourism. About a kilometer east of Dalhausen is Gut Roggenthal with a listed brick manor building. Above the property, a settlement was built from 1983 onwards, mostly with holiday homes rented by the week, which, however, had to file for bankruptcy in 1987. Today the houses are privately owned and permanently inhabited. There are small inns and private pensions within Dalhausen.

In the immediate vicinity there are numerous designated hiking trails through an attractive, varied natural and cultural landscape with the nature reserves Lebersiek and Kalkmagerrasen on Schnegelberg, Krähenberg and the Tiefental below Jakobsberg as well as popular hiking destinations such as Klus Ednahm .

Dalhausen (approx. 8 km to Beverungen) is connected to the Weserradweg via a developed cycle path .

Basket maker museum

Dalhausen has had its own basket-making museum since 1994 (Lange Reihe 23). The basket-making craft is explained in twelve rooms on 400 square meters. The exhibits include transport and travel baskets, pigeon and laundry baskets, braided balloon bottles, children's sleeping baskets and child bike seats. A workshop is attached to the museum, in which a couple demonstrates the craft of basket-making. The products can also be purchased there.

village life

Due to the number of associations and the festivals they organize in regular succession, Dalhausen has a lively village culture. Every year, a large local festival of the "Schützenbruderschaft St. Josef von 1605" or one of the other clubs is celebrated alternately, in which many visitors from the surrounding villages or the wider region take part. The "International Furniture Cup" took place a total of ten times in Dalhausen due to the headquarters and origins of three (today only one) furniture manufacturers. It is a soccer tournament to which company teams from all over Germany and abroad came. The furniture cup was organized by the Dalhausen sports club, founded in 1957. The last event so far took place in 2010.

When working in the workrooms and in the basket makers' "halls", singing had an important community-building function. The “Eintracht” men's choir was formed from the preforms in 1886, and Karl Behre had been its director for many years since 1949. An own marching band was founded in 1948. The Dalhausen Music Association has also existed since 2002.

With two sports fields, a small and a large gym, an indoor swimming pool , a tennis hall, an indoor riding arena and cycling and hiking trails all around, the area also offers plenty of opportunities and space for sporting activities.

In memory of the goat husbandry that existed until 1960 and was revived after 1980, an annual “Almabtrieb” takes place in October based on the Alpine model.

Personalities

• Franz Deventer (1890–1952), trade union secretary and politician (SPD)
• Gustav Behre (1903–1973), painter and graphic artist
• Karl J. Dierkes (1924–2008), sculptor
• Herbert Behre (1927–1994), Realschule director
• Hans-Georg Stephan (* 1950), medieval archaeologist
• Johann Josef Böker (* 1953), architectural historian

Panoramic view

and display information about the image

Panoramic view of the neighboring towns of Dalhausen (left) and Jakobsberg (right) - location at the radio transmission mast in Haarbrück

literature

• Herbert Behre: The Dalhausen area, a typical landscape in the Muschelkalk region near the Weser. Geographical seminar of the Paderborn Pedagogical Academy (final thesis with Ludwig Maasjost), 1949 (Paderborn City Archives, No. 490).
• Joseph Feldmann: 1000 years of Dalhausen, 750 years of the parish . Self-published, Paderborn: Bonifacius-Druckerei 1971.
• Festschrift: 1000th anniversary of the village of Dalhausen and 750th anniversary of the Dalhausen parish. 971 - 1221 - 1971 , published by the Dalhausen locality festival committee, foreword by local home administrator Gerhard Behre, July 1971 (printed by Hillebrand Beverungen).
• Hermann J. Sander: Beverungen: St. Marien Dalhausen Catholic parish and pilgrimage church . Schnell & Steiner, 1996, ISBN 978-3-7954-4004-6 .

Web links

Commons : Dalhausen (Beverungen)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wiktionary: Dalhausen  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

• Dalhausen in the Weserbergland
• Dalhausen in the Westphalia Culture Atlas

Individual evidence

1. ^ Marienwallfahrt in Dalhausen - History of the pilgrimage PDF file
2. ↑ Landscape plan no. 2 "Wesertal with Beverplatten" pp. 15-16. (Digitized version)
3. ↑ Westfälisches Urkundenbuch II, No. 312.
4. ^ Joseph Feldmann: Dalhausen. 1000 years of Dalhausen, 750 years of the parish. Dalhausen 1971, p. 8.
5. ↑ Helmut Richtering: Abbey and monasteries in the Weser area. In: Art and culture in the Weser area 800–1600, vol. 3. Achendroffsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Münster 1970, p. 385
6. ↑ http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Dalhausen_(Beverungen)
7. ^ Albert Ludorff : The architectural and art monuments of the Höxter district. (The architectural and art monuments of Westphalia, vol. 37). Ferdinand Schöningh, Münster 1914, p. 81.
8. ^ Joseph Feldmann: Dalhausen. 1000 years of Dalhausen, 750 years of the parish. Dalhausen 1971, p. 65.
9. ^ Joseph Feldmann: Dalhausen. 1000 years of Dalhausen, 750 years of the parish. Dalhausen 1971, p. 112.
10. ^ Joseph Feldmann: Dalhausen. 1000 years of Dalhausen, 750 years of the parish. Dalhausen 1971, p. 110.
11. ↑ Vow: No carnival has been celebrated in Dalhausen since 1870 newsline Westdeutsche Zeitung
12. ^ Joseph Feldmann: Dalhausen. 1000 years of Dalhausen, 750 years of the parish. Dalhausen 1971, p. 30.
13. ↑ https://www.wr.de/daten-archiv/erinnerung-am-strassenrand-id449535.html
14. ↑ Homepage Dalhausen im Weserbergland ( Memento of the original dated December 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
15. ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 107 .
16. ↑ Erich Klüsener: The social and health situation of the basket maker village Dalhausen. Diss. Münster 1946, pp. 4–6 (machine copy from the University Library of Münster).
17. ^ Friedrich Bratvogel: The district Höxter (district and city handbooks of the Westphalian Heimatbund). Regensberg, Münster 1952.
18. ↑ http://www.dtoday.de/startseite/nachrichten_artikel,-Dalhausen-setzt-Tradition-des-Weihnachtssingen-aus-_arid,26170.html
19. ↑ so for the first time with Remigius Sztachovics: Bride Proverbs and Bride Songs on the Heideboden in Unger, Vienna 1867.
20. ↑ DALHAUSEN, New way to the goat pastures nw-news.de
21. ↑ Kalkmagerrasen nature reserve Dalhausen at naturschutzinformationen-nrw.de ( Memento of the original from May 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. PDF file  
22. ↑ [1]
23. ↑ Lebersiek nature reserve south of Dalhausen from www.naturschutzinformationen-nrw.de
24. ↑ Kalkmagerrasen nature reserve near Dalhausen from www.naturschutzinformationen-nrw.de
25. ↑ Circular hiking trail D 2 from the cath. Wallfahrtskirche Dalhausen zur Klus Ednahm ( Memento of the original from February 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
26. ↑ Dalhausen basket-making museum
27. ↑ Sabine Robrecht: complaining about music and bell sounds on westfalen-blatt.de from October 7, 2017.