Ehningen

This article deals with the municipality of Ehningen in the district of Böblingen. Places with similar names are Eningen under Achalm in the district of Reutlingen and places with the name Ehingen .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 48 ° 40 ′  N , 8 ° 56 ′  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Stuttgart
County :	Boeblingen
Height :	448 m above sea level NHN
Area :	17.8 km 2
Residents:	9193 (Dec 31, 2018)
Population density :	516 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	71139
Area code :	07034
License plate :	BB, LEO
Community key :	08 1 15 013
Address of the municipal administration:	Königstrasse 29 71139 Ehningen
Website :	www.ehningen.de
Mayor :	Lukas Rosengrün ( SPD )
Location of the municipality of Ehningen in the district of Böblingen

Ehningen is a municipality in the Stuttgart region in Baden-Württemberg , which borders the district town of Böblingen in the southwest .

geography

Aerial view from the southwest, 1983

location

Ehningen is located in the Korngäu on the north-western edge of the Schönbuch nature park . The historic Ehningen is located north of the Würm , in the course of the growth of the place the Würm now flows through the middle of the place. The second larger watercourse of Ehningen is the Krebsbach , which flows into the Würm southwest of the old town center.

Community structure

Ehningen includes the village of Ehningen, the hamlet of Mauren and the sawmill house as well as the abandoned villages of Hoingen, Rainmulin, Sulz and Haldenölmühle.

history

Prehistory and Antiquity

There are ample signs of continued use of this area. A Neolithic arrowhead (3000–1800 BC) and a Bronze Age barrow (1800–1200 BC) were found. A little south of today's Ehningen a Celtic square hill was excavated, but today it is built over.

The Alemanni began to settle in the third century AD . This is also evidenced by the Alemannic row graves found during the construction of the Gäubahn Stuttgart-Freudenstadt in 1878 . With the ending -ingen , Ehningen can be assigned to the "Swabian primeval villages". The original name "Ondgingin" or "Ondingen" possibly refers to an Alemannic clan leader with the name "Ondo".

middle Ages

In the Middle Ages, the area belonged to the Duchy of Swabia . The first written mention of Ehningen can be dated to the year 1185, after the knight Albertus de Ondingin acquired an estate near Herrenberg. This Albertus came from the local noble family and was in all probability a vassal of the Counts of Calw .

Ehningen 1681, forest inventory book by Andreas Kieser

In the Middle Ages, the size of Ehningen was comparatively constant, the settlement area was limited by the so-called " Etter ". This etter was mainly a fence that was supposed to prevent cattle from entering the gardens of the houses. There were three streets from the old town center: Obere Gasse (today Königsstraße), which led east towards Böblingen through the Obere Tor and west towards Herrenberg, Aidlingen and Gärtringen through the Untere Tor. The Dagersheimer Straße led north through the Weilemer Tor (also Linsentor). None of these three gates has survived. The course of the Etter can still be seen in the east on the current course of the "Gängle". The settlement boundary of the Etter was crossed in the 19th century with new settlement areas in the direction of Aidlingen .

Württemberg time

In 1357 Ehningen came from the Palatine County of Tübingen to the County of Württemberg . The Counts of Württemberg gave the village to noble lords, including the Söler von Ehningen, the Söler von Richtenberg, the Truchsessen von Höfingen and the lords of Hailfingen, von Ow, von Münchingen and von Dürrmenz. Duke Ulrich von Württemberg implemented the Reformation in his country in 1534 , so that Ehningen has been evangelical ever since. The castle was inherited by the von Breitschwert family in 1670.

Ehingen always belonged to the office or since 1758 Oberamt Böblingen , which did not change after the implementation of the new administrative structure in the Kingdom of Württemberg , which had existed since 1806 .

In 1850 Ehningen had Protestant and three Catholic residents in 1634, who lived and worked in 308 main buildings and 88 outbuildings.

With the expansion of the Gäubahn in 1874, Ehningen was connected to the Württemberg railway network .

20th and 21st centuries

The administrative reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg led to membership in the Boeblingen district in 1938 . In 1945 the place became part of the American zone of occupation and thus belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden , which was incorporated into the current state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952.

Until the Second World War Ehningen had around 2000 inhabitants; this number rose steadily to around 7000 inhabitants by the year 2000. The residential areas Schützenmaden, Herdstelle, Waag, Talstraße, Leimentalstraße and Gärtringer Weg, Schwarzwaldsiedlung, Bol, in 2005 the building area Bühl I and finally Bühl II in 2012.

In the course of the community reform in the 1970s, there were thoughts of incorporating Ehningen into Böblingen ; but these plans were never realized.

Religions

Evangelical Marienkirche in Ehningen

Since the Reformation, Ehningen has been evangelical-Lutheran. Only after the end of the Second World War did a Catholic parish emerge again in the course of the settlement of displaced people.

The Protestant St. Mary's Church , originally dedicated to Saints Donatus, Afra and Fridolin, dates from the 15th and 16th centuries and is built in the late Gothic style. It is probably on the same site as an older church in Ehningen. The epitaph of the lawyer and local lord of the castle Philipp Leonhard von Breitschwerdt (1654–1712), the grandfather of the hymn poet Christoph Karl Ludwig von Pfeil (1712–1784), is preserved there.

The Catholic Church of St. Elisabeth was completed in 1957.

The Maurener Liebfrauenkirche was a popular pilgrimage church for a long time . Since 1554 Mauren was its own parish. This existed until 1809. Today only the choir is used as a chapel (at irregular intervals). The nave serves as a storage room.

The New Apostolic Church is on Altdorfer Weg.

Districts

Ehningen consists of eight districts (including Mauren):

• Bernrain, residential and industrial area at the northeast end of the village
• Bol (Boll), residential areas west of the town center
• Bühl, new building area north of the train station
• Furt (Fronäcker), old town center
• Hearth, residential area in the east of the village, between Autobahn 81 and Kreisstraße 1077
• Letten, industrial area in the west of the village
• Moors
• Black Forest settlement

Moors

→ Main article : Moors

The Schlossgut or Hofgut Mauren lies on the border between the upper (or Korn-) Gäu and the Schönbuch in the valley of the Würm. The name Mauren has its origin in all probability from the word wall . This refers to a former Roman manor that was not far from today's Moors in the Würmtal.

Mauren was first mentioned in 1320 and was then a Württemberg fief. Moors changed hands frequently over the centuries. The Mauren Castle was built in 1617 by Heinrich Schickard . In 1943 it fell victim to a British bombing raid, which confused Moors with Böblingen due to fog. Today the outer walls of the ground floor are still standing, the vaulted cellar below the ground floor has also been preserved. In 2005, two residential buildings were built above the ruins, which stand on steel pillars directly above the outer walls of the ruins.

Incorporations

In 1851 Mauren was incorporated into Ehningen.

Population development

• 1550: 0500 inhabitants
• 1610: 0800 inhabitants
• 1650: 0300 inhabitants
• 1850: 1637 inhabitants
• 1939: 1985 inhabitants
• 1950: 3068 inhabitants
• 1970: 5890 inhabitants
• 1987: 6906 inhabitants
• 1991: 7286 inhabitants
• 1995: 7176 inhabitants
• 2000: 7530 inhabitants
• 2005: 7637 inhabitants
• 2010: 7903 inhabitants
• 2015: 8,694 inhabitants

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council in Ehningen has 18 members. The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following final result. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.

Parties and constituencies		% 2019	Seats 2019	% 2014	Seats 2014	Local elections 2019  % 40 30th 20th 10 0 34.94% 25.66% 24.15% 15.25% FW Green CDU SPD Gains and losses compared to 2014  % p    8th    6th    4th    2    0   -2   -4   -6 -4.14  % p.p. + 6.76  % p.p. -4.66  % p.p. + 2.04  % p FW Green CDU SPD
FW	General citizenship of Ehningen	34.94	6th	39.08	7th
GREEN	Alliance 90 / The Greens and Upwind	25.66	5	18.90	4th
CDU	Christian Democratic Union of Germany	24.15	4th	28.81	5
SPD	Social Democratic Party of Germany	15.25	3	13.21	2
total		100.0	18th	100.0	18th
voter turnout		67.17%		55.96%

mayor

• 1948–1960: Wilhelm Schäfer
• 1960–1980: Rolf Mezger
• 1980-2004: Hans Heinzmann
• 2004–2020: Claus Unger
• since 2020: Lukas Rosengrün

See also : List of the mayors of Ehningen

coat of arms

A golden duck's foot in blue, clutching a red apple.

Economy and Infrastructure

Ehningen is a typical place in the catchment area of Böblingen , Sindelfingen and Stuttgart with a very high proportion of commuters. There are three industrial areas in Ehningen: Letten, Birkensee and Bernrain.

Important employers are IBM (since 2009, Ehningen has been the location of the German headquarters of IBM), Bertrandt AG and the large bakery Sehne . There are also other businesses in the area from trade, commerce, gastronomy and agriculture.

traffic

Ehningen is on the federal highway 81 . The “Bodenseautobahn” runs from Würzburg to Gottmadingen near Singen and was built in the late 1970s.

The Gäubahn ( Stuttgart - Singen ), which runs through Ehningen, was inaugurated in 1878. The S1 line ( Kirchheim (Teck) –Stuttgart– Herrenberg ) of the Stuttgart S-Bahn has been running on this route since 1991. The S-Bahn usually runs every half hour in both directions. As a result, as well as by bus lines, Ehningen is integrated into the VVS transport association .

A progressive scenario of a traffic forecast presented in 2020 for the year 2030 envisages the extension of two trains on the S5 line that have so far ended at Schwabstraße to Ehningen.

Educational institutions

There are four school buildings in Ehningen, of which only the Friedrich Kammerer School (1968) is used as a school . This community school takes its name from the inventor of the world's first friction matches, Jakob Friedrich Kammerer . Since 2002 there has been a school social worker for the students, parents and teachers of the school. The school social work at the Friedrich-Kammerer-Schule offers individual help and advice, socio-educational group work and projects, community work and networking as well as open leisure activities. It is part of the youth department of the municipality of Ehningen.

The "Fronäckerschule" was inaugurated in 1915. It got its name from its location on the Fronäckern, which was outside the old town center. Today it is used as the “house of associations” and, in addition to various associations, also houses the adult education center . The former new school (built in 1843) and the former old school (built in 1826) are centrally located next to the Protestant church (Marienkirche). Both were renovated in the 1980s and now serve as residential buildings.

Department for family, youth, senior citizens and social affairs

The department for family, youth, senior citizens and social affairs ("Familienreferat") is part of the (political) municipality of Ehningen and is responsible for local child and youth work. The youth department includes the three work areas of youth department (including cooperation with clubs and associations, JULEICA youth leader training, networking with other youth welfare institutions), BOING youth culture café (open youth work and group work) and school social work (advice and individual help, socio-educational group work and projects, community work and networking , open leisure activities) at the Friedrich-Kammerer-Schule.

Sports and leisure facilities

• Schalkwiesen sports hall
• Gym and festival hall
• Sports field at the school
• swimming pool
• four riding halls
• Tennis courts

Others

• House at the parish garden
• House of Youth
• Tithe shy

Culture and sights

Regular events

The Ehningen Whitsun Market is known far beyond the borders of Ehningen. It takes place every year on Whit Monday and is visited by up to 20,000 people every year. It is part of the Ehninger Whitsun Festival, which takes place from Saturday to Whit Monday on the fairground below the Fronäckerschule and is organized alternately by the music club and the sports club. The historic Pentecost market was approved by the state as early as 1837.

Works of art

The parish gives its name to the "Ehninger Altar" , which was built around 1476 for the Marienkirche. Today it is in the Staatsgalerie Stuttgart .

Upper lock

Built around 1300 and renewed by Georg H. Heidegger in 1755, the former moated castle is located in Schlossstrasse south of the old town center. The second castle ("Lower Castle") on today's Burgstrasse was demolished in 1768.

Sons and daughters of the church

• 1796, May 24, Jakob Friedrich Kammerer ; † October 23, 1857 in Ludwigsburg, inventor in the field of matches
• 1853, January 7, Heinrich Otto Widmann ; † March 18, 1944 in Trossingen, Württemberg Oberamtmann, from 1920 to 1924 regional president of the Neckar district
• 1919, September 13, Heinrich Eberhardt ; † 2003 in Leonberg, painter, graphic artist and art teacher

literature

• The town halls of our community Ehningen . Mayor's Office Ehningen, 2000
• Peter Löffelad: The field names of Ehningen . Ehningen Local History Association, 1995
• Ehningen - Swabian village with a heart . Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1995, ISBN 3-89570-053-3
• 25 years of the Friedrich Kammerer School in Ehningen . Friedrich Kammerer School Ehningen, 1993
• Ehningen - Contributions to local history . Local history association Ehningen e. V. and municipality of Ehningen, 1991
• Houses and inscriptions in Ehningen - witnesses to local history . Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1991, ISBN 3-89264-533-7
• Leave the church in the village . Evangelical Church Community Ehningen, 1989
• 800 years of the Ehningen community . 1985
• License plate BB - local history for the Boeblingen district . Lutz / Nebel / Noe Verlag Waldemar Lutz, Lörrach and Ernst Klett Verlag, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-12-258230-9
• Ehningen contributions to local history . Local history association for Schönbuch and Gäu e. V., 1985, volume 16
• Ehningen - Pictures from a Swabian village in the Gäu . Mayor's Office Ehningen, 1985
• Ehningen ... a congregation introduces itself . Mayor's Office Ehningen, 1982
• Adolf Schahl: The former pilgrimage and parish church to Moors . Local history association for Schönbuch and Gäu e. V., 1974
• St. Elisabeth Ehningen - St. Michael Gärtringen . J. Pöss Libertas Verlag Hubert Baum, Wiesbaden 1966
• Ehningen Chronicle of a Swabian village in the Gäu . Ehningen municipality, 1965
• Alfred Benz: Ehninger families . 1994
• Alfred Benz: Ehningen - my home village . 2008 Alfred Benz
• Ehningen In: Description of the Oberamt Böblingen, 1850 ( Wikisource )

Web links

Commons : Ehningen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality
• Heimatgeschichtsverein Ehningen Information about the history of the place, individual buildings, districts, etc. a.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume III: Stuttgart District, Middle Neckar Regional Association. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-17-004758-2 , pp. 89-91.
3. ↑ Ehningen at leo-bw.de, accessed December 5, 2015
4. ↑ ^{a b} Table I. In: Description of the Oberamt Böblingen, 1850 ( Wikisource )
5. ↑ Ev. Kreisbildungswerk and Kath. Bildungswerk Kreis Böblingen (ed.), Die Kirchen im Landkreis Böblingen, Munich 1990, p. 14
6. ↑ Website on the Breitschwerdt epitaph in Ehningen
7. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Statistisches Landesamt BW.
8. ↑ Election information for the municipal data center
9. ^ Stefan Tritschler, Moritz Biechele: Update of the VRS traffic model. (PDF) Transport Science Institute Stuttgart, January 20, 2020, p. 9 f. , accessed on January 16, 2020 . 
10. ↑ R. Heeb (Ed.): The district of Böblingen . Stuttgart 1983, p. 150