Ghafir (sura)

Ghafir ( Arabic غافر Ġāfir  ' Who forgives') is the 40th sura of the Koran , it contains 85 verses . The preaching of the sura falls in the third Meccan period (620–622), with the exception of verses 56 and 57, which are mainlydated tothe Medinan period . The title of the sura refers to verse 3, in which God is referred to as the one who forgives sin. The sura is sometimes also called al-Mu'min (المؤمن / 'The Believer'). After the introductory basmala, it begins with the letters Ḥā Mīm , which are also at the beginning of the following suras 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 and 46.

The sura contains numerous topics that are familiar from the Meccan period: praise of the omnipotence of God and his creation, condemnation of the unbelievers , divine revelation of the Koran, call to Muhammad for patience and reference to the difficult path of his predecessors as messengers of God , as well as the Conflict between Moses and the unbelieving Pharaoh . A peculiarity of the sura can be found in the dispute between a believing Egyptian, "who withholds his faith", and Pharaoh (verses 28 to 46).

Individual evidence

1. ^ Adel Theodor Khoury : The Koran. Translated and commented by Adel Theodor Khoury. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2007, ISBN 978-3-579-08023-9 , pp. 436-441.

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	Sura 40
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