al-Hadid (sura)

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Al-Hadid ( Arabic الحديد al-Ḥadīd  'The Iron') is the 57th sura of the Quran , it contains 29 verses . It wasproclaimedin Medina , the first six verses probably around the time of the emigration , the remaining parts aredatedafter the defeat in the Battle of Uhud in 625. The title refers to verse 25.

After the praise in the omnipotence of God (verses 1-6), Muslims are to donate and for use on the road God called. This is followed by references to the transience of life and to some prophets: Noah , Abraham and Jesus , "the son of Mary". The sura closes with an address to the Muslims and to the people in the book . In verse 27 monasticism is called an invention:

“[…] And We let Jesus, the son of Mary, follow and give him the gospel. And We put compassion and mercy in the hearts of those who followed him, and also monasticism, which they invented - We have not prescribed it to them - only in pursuit of the good pleasure of God. "

The Arabic word ابْتَدَعُوهَا is a term that describes the invention, especially within religion. In this verse, according to Adel Khoury, monasticism is basically described as something positive, and also that it was placed in the heart by God suggests, "[...] this only in the pursuit of the good pleasure of God [...]", which, however, was not followed by the people "[...]. However, they did not observe it in the right way. And so We gave their reward to those of them who believed. But many of them were wicked. "

According to the classical Islamic exegesis of the Koran, however, monasticism and the asceticism potentially associated with it have a clearly negative connotation in this verse and are referred to as invention. Asad, who invokes Tabari and Az-Zamachscharī , translates said passage with a very clear separation between the positive qualities of those who followed Jesus, such as compassion and mercy on the one hand, and the negatively connoted, known as invention, monasticism on the other Pages. It should also be noted that Asad's translation in this verse represents the norm of the classical Koran translation or the understanding of the Koran in general.

Individual evidence


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al-Mujadala
Sura 57

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  1. ↑ a b c Adel Theodor Khoury : The Koran. Translated and commented by Adel Theodor Khoury. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2007, ISBN 978-3-579-08023-9 , pp. 500-503.
  2. ↑ The Message of The Quran, M. Asad, Surah 57:27 [47] . "The term rahbaniyyah combines the concepts of monastic life with an exaggerated asceticism, often amounting to a denial of any value in the life of this world - an attitude characteristic of early Christianity but disapproved of in Islam (cf. 2: 143 -" We have willed you to be a community of the middle way "- and the corresponding note [118])."
  3. ↑ Ibid Asad, Surah 57:27 . “We caused them to be followed by Jesus, the son of Mary, upon whom We bestowed the Gospel; and in the hearts of those who [truly] followed him We engendered compassion and mercy. But as for monastic asceticism - We did not enjoin it upon them: they invented it themselves out of a desire for God's goodly acceptance. "
  4. ↑ 5 Koran translations: Asad, Khattab, Pickthall, Yusuf Ali, Malik. Accessed in 2019 .