al-Ahzab

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Al-Ahzab ( Arabic الأحزاب al-Aḥzāb  'The Parties'; 'The Groups') is the 33rd sura of the Koran , it contains 73 verses . It wasproclaimedin Medina ; the Muslim authors date it to around the spring of 627. The title is taken from verse 20.

In terms of content, the sura is divided into three parts. The middle section, with verses 28 to 59, contains mainly instructions regarding the wives of Muhammad . In the opening and closing parts, the hypocrites and the Jews of the Banu Quraiza tribe are condemned. In verse 4 the statement “He did not (really) make your adopted sons your sons” is referred to by Muslim commentators as Zaid ibn Hāritha , the adopted son of Muhammad. Verses 9 to 25 contain a detailed description of the trench battle , in which the attack by Muhammad's opponents on Medina was repelled.

According to some reports, all of which go back to Ubaiy ibn Kaʿb , a secretary of Muhammad, this sura was as extensive as Sura 2 or even longer in an initial drafting state and originally also contained the so-called stoning verse . This is disputed in Muslim religious studies. Theodor Nöldeke was of the opinion that this verse could "neither have been part of sura 33 - because of the different rhyme - nor of the Qoran in general, since that cruel criminal law provision [...] can only be introduced after the death of Muhammad".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See John Burton: The sources of Islamic law . Edinburgh University Press 1990, pp. 41-54.
  2. ^ Adel Theodor Khoury : The Koran. Translated and commented by Adel Theodor Khoury. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2007, ISBN 978-3-579-08023-9 , pp. 396-403.
  3. ^ Buhl: sv AL-Kur'AN. In: AJ Wensinck, JH Kramers (Hrsg.): Short dictionary of Islam. EJ Brill, Leiden 1976.
  4. ↑ Friedrich Schwally: About the origin of the Qoran. In: Theodor Nöldeke (ed.): History of the Qorans. Part II, 2nd edition, Dieterich'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig 1919, p. 45 .
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