Ringgau – Hainich – Obereichsfeld – Dün – Hainleite

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With Ringgau-Hainich-Obereichsfeld-Duen-Hainleite or Northwestern edge panels of the Thuringian basin northwestern will limestone -Umrahmung the Thuringian basin in the northwest of Thuringia and Hesse referred Werra-Meissner. It consists, from southwest to northeast, of the ridge ranges Ringgau (up to 515 m), Falkener Platte (up to 478 m), Hainich (up to 494 m), Oberes Eichsfeld (up to 521 m), Dün (up to 522 m) and Hainleite ( up to 463 m) as well as the Creuzburger Werra Gorge and Grundbachtal depressions . In a broader sense, it also includes the western witness mountains Gobert (up to 569 m) along with the separating Weidenbach-Mackenröder valley and Wanfrieder Werrahöhen (up to 485 m) along with the Upper Friedatal area .

The partial landscapes known by name were summarized in the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany , where the entire landscape was declared a main unit of the main unit group Thuringian Basin (with edge plates) . The naming followed the degree of familiarity of the individual names, which is why the previously nameless Falkener Platte does not appear in the title, whereas the Dün and Hainleite , which form a natural spatial unit, are both listed.

location

Southwest edge of the Hainich

The largest extension of the main unit is from the Ulfe valley near Breitau in the Hessian Werra-Meißner district to the Thuringian gate of the Unstrut near Odisleben in the Thuringian Kyffhäuserkreis around 85 kilometers east-northeast. In addition to the two districts mentioned, larger shares of the Thuringian districts Wartburgkreis , Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis and Eichsfeld are also included . Only marginal parts are in the south of the Nordhausen district and in the extreme north of the Sömmerda district .

Larger places near the main unit are Eisenach near the southern edge and Bad Langensalza and Mühlhausen in the west of the Thuringian basin . Heilbad Heiligenstadt an der Leine and Sondershausen an der Wipper lie on the valleys just beyond the steep north flank .

The Werra crosses the main unit at Creuzburg and north to Treffurt . The Unstrut near Dingelstädt , the Helbe north of Ebelebens and the Wipper north-west of Kindelbrück flow into the Thuringian Basin .

Landscape and geology

Geological structure of the Thuringian Basin with the Triassic rocks Keuper (inside), Muschelkalk (edge ​​plates) and Buntsandstein (outer frame)

The hilly, agriculturally productive Keuper - hills of the Thuringian Basin is northwest of powerful shell enclosed -Höhenzügen that her rather gradually rise as a rule from the pool inside, but often on the outer edge steeply in a Escarpment fall.

This is particularly clear in the western Dün , to which, from the Unstrut near Dachrieden (approx.  240  m ), the landscape rises over 14 km to the northwest to a good 515  m to the Hockelrain (an average of 2% = 1 ° slope), in order to descend very abruptly on its northern slope within a good 300 horizontal meters from 500  m to 400  m (average 30% = 17 ° slope, in places over 100% = 45 °), until then in the red sandstone the terrain again gradually to about 310  m falls off the leash at Beuren .

The more impressive, in absolute terms, rapid drop-off to the outside can be found on the 569  m high Gobert in the west on the Hohestein , on the border between Thuringia and Hesse. The Weidenbach-Mackenröder depression separates this range of mountains geologically from the actual north-western edge of the basin and isolates it as a witness mountain , which here towers above the Rump Mountains by 50 meters. On its western flank, the landscape drops within 1.4 kilometers from the Hörne (approx. 515  m ) by 365 meters to 150  m on the Werra (average 26% = 15 ° gradient).

The Weidenbach-Mackenröder depression is part of the Eichenberg – Gotha – Saalfelder fault zone , which also runs through the Muschelkalkplatte as its most important fault further south-east . Parallel to the southwest, the Werra passes through the shell limestone at the Creuzburg Werra Gorge near Creuzburg , only to reach the red sandstone at Treffurt and introduce the very complex Lower Werrabergland . To the west of the Creuzburger Werra, the shell limestone in the Ringgau penetrates far into the red sandstone of the Fulda-Werra mountainous region .

Natural structure

In the following list of sub-natural areas, those that were assigned to the main unit on sheet 112 Kassel , but are assigned to neighboring main units in the manual itself and by the BfN , are in small print:

Hainich – Dün – Hainleite

The Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG) has a somewhat coarser natural spatial system that only divides it nationwide, within which the Hainich – Dün – Hainleite unit is completely within the local unit and mainly its main ridge on the Elbe-Weser watershed occupies. These are the following four or five parts of the landscape:

All other parts of the landscape from Ringgau – Hainich – Obereichsfeld – Dün – Hainleite are assigned to TLUG to the neighboring Werrabergland – Hörselberge unit to the west .

mountains

The main ridge of the unit lies on the Elbe-Weser watershed and entirely in the subunit # Hainich – Dün – Hainleite to TLUG. In the Upper Eichsfeld, a secondary ridge branches off to the northwest, following the Werra - Leine -Wasserscheide. Separated from this are the Falkener Platte as an orographically closed ridge and the Ringgau , which consists of two such.

Main ridge

The following mountains follow the main ridge of the unit from south to north or north-east each other (side comb and branching back are subordinate; before the height of the assignment to H ainich, Ö stlichem Obereichsfeld, W estlichem Obereichsfeld, D ün and H ainleite):

  • Alter Berg (H; 494 m, southwest across the watershed)
  • Hardt (H; 451 m)
  • Winterstein (H; 468 m)
  • Sommerstein (H; 474 m at the summit northeast of the Sommerstein by name) - just west of the watershed
  • Semberg (H; 465 m)
  • Hohes Rode (H; 493 m) - northeast of the watershed
    • Rode (W; 498 m) - slightly west of the ridge line, but on the watershed
      • Schlegelsberg (W; 461 m) - western foothills
  • Rain (Austria; 517 m)
    • Kälberberg (Austria; 477 m) - western foothills
    • Uhlenstein (W; 464.7 m) - western foothills
  • Madeberg (Austria; 498 m)
  • NN (A; 520 m)
    • Northwestern tributary ridge (completely in the western upper area)
      • Waiting mountain (516 m) - just north of the Werra-Leine watershed
      • Ebersberg (494 m)
      • Höheberg (521 m) - just south of the watershed
      • Röhrsberg (468 m)
      • Ochsenberg (458 m) - on the ridge extension, but already north of the watershed
      • Heuberg (369 m) - on the extension of the ridge line, but already separated orographically
  • Heiligenberg (D; 494 m)
  • Hockelrain (D; 515 m) - from here the ridge leaves the Elbe-Weser watershed
  • NN (D; 522 m) - highest peak of the Dün
  • Wettenburg (H; 463 m) - highest peak of the Hainleite
  • Wolfshof (H; 442 m)
  • Kuhberg (H; 406 m) - western flank of the Wipper breakthrough
  • NN (H; 391 m) - between Wipper breakthrough and Thuringian Gate

Highest mountains in the individual landscapes

The highest elevations of the sub-landscapes delimited in terms of natural space or orography are (Muschelkalk landscapes, which are added to the Kassel sheet , but are usually assigned to neighboring main units, in small print):

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b E. Meynen and J. Schmithüsen : Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany - Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953–1962 (9 deliveries in 8 books, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960)
  2. ↑ Hydrogeological map of Thuringia from the Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (PDF; 4.37 MB) ( Even finer maps are available for each district .)
  3. ↑ Geological Map of Hesse (RTC 300) , Hessian Agency for Environment and Geology (PDF; 28 KB)
  4. ↑ H.-J. Klink: Geographical survey: The natural units on sheet 112 Kassel - Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1969 → online map
  5. ↑ The eastern Dün and the Hainleite were already east of the Kassel sheet. Since no more East German map sheets were planned at the time of the Kassel sheet (1969), no more in-depth numbering of the natural area 483.0 was carried out. There the unit was even only labeled with Der Dün , while the manual itself still describes sub-natural spaces such as “Wipper breakthrough” and “Helbetal”.
  6. ^ Walter Hiekel, Frank Fritzlar, Andreas Nöllert and Werner Westhus: The natural spaces of Thuringia . Ed .: Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG), Thuringian Ministry for Agriculture, Nature Conservation and Environment . 2004, ISSN  0863-2448 . → Natural area map of Thuringia (TLUG) - PDF; 260 kB → Maps by district (TLUG)

  7. ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )

Web links

Commons : Ringgau – Hainich – Obereichsfeld – Dün – Hainleite  - collection of images, videos and audio files