German Archaeological Institute

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
German Archaeological Institute
- DAI -
German Archaeological Institute - DAI -
Logography of the German Archaeological Institute
Category: archaeological research
Carrier: Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Legal form of the carrier: Federal Ministry
Seat of the wearer: Berlin (formerly Bonn)
Facility location: Berlin Germany since 1833 (formerly Rome ) GermanyGermany 
Branch offices: * Rome
  • Athens
  • Frankfurt am Main (Roman-Germanic Commission; since 1902)
  • Cairo
  • Istanbul
  • Madrid
  • Munich (Commission for Ancient History and Epigraphy, since 1951)
  • Baghdad , Damascus , Sanaa (each to the Orient Department)
  • Bonn (Commission for Archeology of Non-European Cultures, 1979 to 2005: Commission for General and Comparative Archeology)
  • Beijing , Tehran (each for the Eurasia Department, founded 1995)
  • Jerusalem , Amman (each for the German Evangelical Institute for Classical Studies of the Holy Land, founded in 1900)
Arose from: Istituto di corrispondenza archeologica (Institute for Archaeological Correspondence)
Basic funding: ?
Management: Friederike Fless , President and Member of the Central Management of the German Archaeological Institute
Homepage: [1]

The German Archaeological Institute ( DAI ) is an international scientific research organization, which in 1829 in Rome as Instituto di corrispondenza archeologica was founded and today as a public institution of the Federal , headquartered in Berlin reports to the Foreign Office belongs. Its more than 350 employees work at 20 locations around the world and carry out excavations and research in the field of archeology , ancient and cultural studies .

Status, tasks and goals

The institute belongs to the division of the Federal Foreign Office of the Federal Republic of Germany . The institution has the right to scientific self-administration. Relationships are maintained with many scientific organizations worldwide; on the other hand, in addition to many German archaeologists and representatives from neighboring disciplines, many foreign researchers are also members of the DAI. Branch offices and research stations are maintained in several countries.

The DAI carries out archaeological and cultural-historical studies around the world and often works with scientists from the host countries and other international scholars. Traditionally the Mediterranean and the Middle East are the main areas of activity, and since 1979 it has also been worldwide. Excavations are carried out, expeditions undertaken and other projects carried out. Since 2009, the DAI has been building centers of excellence in research and teaching as part of the Foreign Science Policy initiative. The facility is one of the internationally recognized top research institutes. In order to maintain this standard, the DAI receives special research funds from the Genshagener program of the federal government.

The aim of the DAI is to ensure a deeper understanding of cultures among one another. It wants to make a contribution to the dialogue between cultures. In addition, it should contribute to Germany's high reputation in the world.

history

From the Hyperboreans in Rome to the Reich Institute in Berlin

Eduard Gerhard, the main initiator

The German Archaeological Institute was founded in the early days of archeology as a scientific discipline. Even before that there were learned societies with the Accademia Etrusca , which dealt with the material legacies of the ancient peoples, but this research was mostly of an antiquarian nature. The first thoughts on an organization arose in Rome in the 1820s among the " Roman Hyperboreans ", a group of friends of European scholars, artists and diplomats. They recognized that the new knowledge and artifacts that were being gained at an ever faster pace required a scientifically organized international cooperation. The early attempts to found such a Roman-Hyperborean Society are still echoed today in the logo of the DAI, which shows a Hyperborean griffin . On January 2, 1829, the archaeologist Eduard Gerhard , the Prussian ambassador Christian Karl Josias von Bunsen , the Hanover chargé d'affaires in Rome August Kestner , the Commissario della antichità Carlo Fea and the Danish sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen called for the establishment of the Instituto di corrispondenza archeologica . The founding event took place on April 21st of that year, the mythical birthday of the city of Rome. The Prussian Crown Prince and later King Friedrich Wilhelm IV could be won as protector . The first president was the French envoy to the Kingdom of Naples , the Duc de Blacas d'Aulps . Secretaries were responsible for managing the company and the general secretary was in charge. After Blacas d'Aulp's death in 1839, Prince von Metternich became president in 1841 . After his death in 1859, the office for political and social representation, which was important in the early days of the organization, was no longer filled and expired. Otto Magnus von Stackelberg and Theodor Panofka were also founding members .

Initially, the institute's aim was to collect and publish all archaeological discoveries in the field of classical antiquity. The focus was on the Greek and Roman antiquities, but finds from Egypt and the Middle East should not be excluded. There were two forms of membership. On the one hand, the corresponding members ( socii ordinarii ), who should be organized as informers in a network spread across Europe. Sections in Italy, Germany, France and England served for this purpose. The Paris section in particular developed a lively activity in the first few years under the leadership of the Duc de Luynes . The second group were the ordinary members ( membri ). They were obliged to provide scientific contributions, but also to accept the publications.

When the institute's most important idea generator and conceptual designer, Eduard Gerhard, was appointed to the Royal Museum in Berlin in 1833 , the focus of the institute, at least the management, increasingly shifted there. At the same time, national interests increasingly prevailed and the organization increasingly lost its internationality. Nevertheless, great strides were made during this period. The first, albeit modest, institute building was erected in 1836 on the premises of the Prussian legation on the Capitol . The secretaries were paid from 1842, and finally in 1859 the Prussian Ministry of Education took over the total costs. The governing body, the Central Directorate, was initially made up of international members; since the revolutionary year of 1848 , only German members were represented. In 1871 the Institute for Archaeological Correspondence , as it was now called, was formally converted into a Prussian state institution. Three years later it was named the Imperial German Archaeological Institute .

The establishment of the Instituto di corrispondenza archeologica was one of the groundbreaking processes in the scientification of archeology. Regardless of the importance of the individual monuments, a start was made for the first time to collect and publish all archaeological finds, which made archaeological historical research possible in the first place. With the Bullettino degli Annali dell'Instituto di Corrispondenza Archeologica , the first archaeological periodicals were published and the possibility of continuous publication of the new findings was created. The creation of a large reference library that was open to all researchers was also new. This was the first time that a permanent research facility of this kind was created. There were also public lectures and adunances (discussions). All these actions made the Roman Institute one of the focal points of archaeological research in Europe and a model for many of the subsequent national institutes in the Mediterranean countries and in the Near East. The development from an international private law association in Rome to a Prussian-German institute was not the result of a targeted takeover by the Prussian state. It only reflects the political situation in Europe at the time. An international organization of this kind could not yet last due to the external circumstances. Nevertheless, the research continued to be internationally oriented.

The growing Reichsinstitut until the end of the Second World War

With the conversion into an imperial institute, a second branch office was opened with the Athens department in 1874 , which, like the Roman department, was supposed to record and publish the monuments, but whose focus from the beginning was also on archaeological field work, archaeological regional studies and topographical research . The Roman department took up such research only after the Second World War . It was the second such institution in Athens after the French institute, which was founded in 1846.

The establishment of the Roman-Germanic Commission (RGK) in 1902 was due to the changed scientific framework. Under the influence of historicism , the interest changed from the art-historical - philological orientation of archeology more and more to an empirical subject knowledge based on the results of field research. The aim was to create an organization that gave newer archaeological disciplines of prehistory and early history as well as provincial Roman archeology a roof. The RGK should become the focus of archaeological research in Germany, which until now was carried out by regional institutions for the preservation of monuments and antiquity associations on the one hand, and the Reich Limes Commission on the other. As in Italy, no excavations of its own were initially carried out, but the commission took part in ventures in, for example, Haltern and Trier .

For the 100th anniversary of the DAI, the organization continued to expand and took over existing structures. The Cairo department was established in Egypt and was based on several German predecessor organizations. When the Istanbul Department was founded, the DAI was able to fall back on the structures of the Berlin museums that had been active in Asia Minor since the late 19th century. The opening of a branch in Madrid had also been envisaged since 1929, but was only implemented on a modest scale in 1943.

General Secretaries

President

Structure and organization

Headquarters in Berlin

The Wiegand House in Berlin-Dahlem, seat of the President of the DAI
Kurt-Bittel-Haus, the new entrance area and the central library of the DAI at the headquarters in Berlin

In the headquarters of the DAI in the Podbielskiallee in Berlin-Dahlem , in the Wiegand house , are the offices of the President, the Secretary General as well as central services and service facilities.

management

At the head of the German Archaeological Institute is a president, since 2011 Friederike Fless has been a woman for the first time. At her side is the General Secretary, Philipp von Rummel since 2014 . He represents the President and primarily relieves her in matters of science organization and science policy. The president is bound by the requirements of the central management.

Central Directorate

The 18-strong central management, the supervisory board , is the highest supervisory and decision-making body of the DAI. It decides on the budget, determines the scientific program and decides on publications. It also elects the President of the DAI and the directors of the departments and commissions. It consists of the President of the DAI, a representative of the Foreign Office (currently Andreas Görgen ), a representative of the Federal Ministry of Education and Science (currently Matthias Hack ), a representative of the senior directors (currently Katja Sporn ) and university professors from German universities, namely for the:

Franziska Lang is currently the President's representative in the chairmanship of the central management.

The members of the Board of Directors take part in the meetings in an advisory capacity.

Until a new statute came into force on January 1, 2005, classical archeology was even more important. It provided ten of the university professors, and each of the other departments sent a representative. In addition, the General Secretary of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum in Mainz was an ex officio member of the Central Management.

The Central Directorate is also responsible for awarding scholarships, apart from scholarships awarded by the commissions. The most important of these is the annual travel grant from the German Archaeological Institute , which has been awarded since 1859 . Members of the scholarship committee are Friederike Fless, Franziska Lang, Ortwin Dally, Christian Kunze, Johanna Fabricius and Jürgen Hammerstaedt.

The members of the select committee of the central management are Friederike Fless, Franziska Lang, Katja Sporn, Kaja Harter-Uibopuu, Jürgen Kunow and Christian Kunze. The project committee consists of Friederike Fless, Felix Pirson, Stephan Seidlmayer, Johanna Fabricius, Michael Heinzelmann, Jürgen Kunow and, until her death, Ulrike Wulf-Rheidt. The monument committee is the only committee headed not by the director, but by Thekla Schulz-Brize. Other members are Friederike Fless, Philipp von Rummel, Ulrike Wulf-Rheidt †, Friedrich Lüth , Steffen Laue , Klaus Nohlen , Andreas Schwarting , Axel Seemann and Josef Steiner . It is therefore the only one of the committees that is largely made up of people who are not members of the central discussion.

(Status: May 2018, review July 2019)

Board of Directors (July 2019)

The Board of Directors consists of the President, the Secretary General and the Directors of the seven departments and the three commissions. The task of the directorate is laid down in the statutes.

Cross-sectional departments at headquarters

  • Architecture lecture (building recordings, reconstructions, historical building research): Katja Piesker
  • Scientific lecture (focus on anthropology, archaeobotany, archeozoology, dendrochronology): Norbert Benecke
  • Information technology department (scientific IT, development of digital research environments): Reinhard Förtsch
  • Departments and areas in the presidential area:
    • Department for the Protection of Cultural Property and Site Management
    • Technology Development Unit
    • Public relations area
    • Friedrich Hinkel Research Center

The departments for cultural property protection and site management as well as for technology development are subordinate to a joint special representative.

Editing at headquarters - publications

A list of the publications (journals, series, monographs) of the DAI can be found on the Internet.

The DAI publishes some of the most important German specialist journals for archeology: (in brackets the common abbreviations according to the DAI guidelines)

Departments, field offices and research centers

The German Evangelical Institute for Classical Studies of the Holy Land in Jerusalem is also the research center of the German Archaeological Institute. It is led by Dieter Vieweger , the executive director for Jerusalem and Amman , who also heads the sub-institute in Jerusalem. The branch in Amman is headed by Jutta Häser .

Commissions

Central facilities

Support association

The German Archaeological Institute is financially supported by its sponsoring association, the Theodor Wiegand Society - Society of Friends of the German Archaeological Institute (TWG).

literature

  • Adolf Michaelis : History of the German Archaeological Institute 1829–1879 . Asher, Berlin 1879.
  • Gerhart Rodenwaldt : Archaeological Institute of the German Empire 1829–1929 . de Gruyter, Berlin 1929.
  • The German Archaeological Institute. History and documents . 10 volumes. von Zabern, Mainz 1979–1986.
  • Klaus Junker : The Archaeological Institute of the German Reich between research and politics: the years 1929 to 1945 . von Zabern, Mainz 1997, ISBN 3-8053-2339-5 .

Web links

Commons : German Archaeological Institute  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: German Archaeological Institute  - Sources and full texts

Footnotes

  1. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/dai/portraet/der-greif
  2. ↑ § 1 Paragraph 2 Statutes of the German Archaeological Institute (PDF)
  3. ↑ Preliminary remark to the statutes of the German Archaeological Institute (PDF)
  4. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/standort/-/organization-display/ZI9STUj61zKB/14443
  5. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/standort/-/organization-display/ZI9STUj61zKB/14487
  6. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/standort/-/organization-display/ZI9STUj61zKB/14595
  7. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/standort/-/organization-display/ZI9STUj61zKB/14452
  8. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/standort/-/organization-display/ZI9STUj61zKB/14478
  9. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/standort/-/organization-display/ZI9STUj61zKB/14469
  10. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/standort/-/organization-display/ZI9STUj61zKB/14505
  11. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/standort/-/organization-display/ZI9STUj61zKB/14586
  12. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/standort/-/organization-display/ZI9STUj61zKB/14496
  13. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/standort/-/organization-display/ZI9STUj61zKB/14604
  14. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/standort/-/organization-display/ZI9STUj61zKB/69060
  15. ^ Preliminary remark to the statutes of the German Archaeological Institute ( Memento from March 30, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF)
  16. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/dai/organisation/organe/zentraldirektion
  17. ↑ https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/cgi-bin/titel.cgi?katkey=1697516
  18. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/dai/mitarbeiter
  19. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/dai/mitarbeiter
  20. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/dai/mitarbeiter
  21. ↑ § 1 Paragraph 2 Statutes of the German Archaeological Institute (PDF)
  22. ↑ § 1 Paragraph 2 Statutes of the German Archaeological Institute (PDF)
  23. ↑ The German Archaeological Institute on a website of the Federal Foreign Office
  24. ↑ The German Archaeological Institute on a website of the Federal Foreign Office
  25. ↑ https://www.dainst.org/dai/mitarbeiter/praesidentin
  26. ^ Organization of the German Archaeological Institute ( Memento from June 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  27. ↑ Members of the Board of Directors ( Memento from June 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  28. ↑ https://fallback.dainst.org/dai/standorte/profil
  29. ^ Publications of the DAI
  30. ↑ Archeology Worldwide
  31. ↑ abbreviations of periodicals, series, literature, authorities or concepts for Egyptology - abbreviations M . From: kv5.de , accessed on August 7, 2015.

Coordinates: 52 ° 27 ′ 38 ″  N , 13 ° 18 ′ 2 ″  E