Jaczo von Gützkow

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Jaczo von Gützkow (* 1244 , † after May 16, 1303 ) was a count of Gützkow .

Research history

In research in the 20th century, Count Jaczo II von Gützkow is seen as the son of Count Johann I von Gützkow . In the 19th century he was seen as the son of Jaczo I. von Gützkow and Dobroslawa von Pomerania .

While Theodor Pyl and Adolf Hofmeister assume that it was next to Jaczo II. († after 1295) and the following Count Jaczo III. (1280–1303 mentioned in a document) and gave Jaczo IV. Johannes Hoffmann rejects Jaczo IV. Rodgero Prümers already counts in the Pomeranian document book also exclusively up to Jaczo III., Whereby he is aiming primarily at the documents from 1283, 1295 and 1299, where he is called Jacob . Roderich Schmidt then does not name any Count Jaczo III. more and even with Detlev Schwennicke only a Jaczo II is assumed.

The necessity of a separation in Jaczo II. And III. would only result if several sons can be assumed for Jaczo II, as Pyl and Hoffmann have done in part, since it is considered proven that Bernhard von Gützkow had no brother. Hoffmann concedes, however, "On the other hand, it is conceivable that only Bernhard and Margarete were descendants of Jaczo II." In addition, there is the fact that two Jaczo were named in a document from 1295, although it remains unclear whether they are each the same, so ultimately only a Jaczo II. (1262-1303 mentioned in a document).

Documented appearance

For the year 1249, an incorrect copy from 1416 and 1421 respectively shows the engagement of the five-year-old Jaczo II and the two-year-old Cecislawa von Putbus (* 1247, † after 1295), daughter of Stoislaw II. Von Vilmnitz and Greta von Pedebuz . The wedding is said to have taken place in 1262, which Jaczo II. The terra streu on Rügen carried out as a fief of the princes of Rügen .

On December 6, 1280, Count Jaczo II von Gützkow first appeared as a witness in a document issued by Duke Bogislaw IV . On this occasion, the Duke referred to him as his cousin ( Jakeze domicelli de Gutzekowe, consanguinei nostri ). On June 4, 1283, Duke Bogislaw IV confirmed. On the occasion of the confirmation of the possessions and rights granted by Duke Bogislaw IV in the founding deed of the city of Greifenhagen on June 4, 1283, Jaczo II ( nobilis domicelli Jacobi de Gutzekowe ) was listed again among the witnesses . When Duke Bogislaw IV. Gave the city of Greifenhagen the market fairness of Woltin, Neumark and Fiddichow on June 5, 1283 , as well as unlimited free chopping of wood for building, nobilis vir Jakezo comes de Gutzekowe was again named among the document witnesses.

In the contractual agreement between the Dukes of Pomerania, the Margrave of Brandenburg and the Prince of Rügen on 13 August 1284 were among the vassals Messrs Verenbertus comes de Gutzekow , Adam de Gutzekow and Jacce de Gutzekow listed. While Verenbert was regarded as the son of Count Konrad von Gützkow , Adam can be assigned to the Burgmannen von Wieck before Gützkow . In the latter family, the name Jacce is otherwise unknown, since the addition comes or at least domicelli or similar is missing, a clear assignment or equation with Jaczo II is difficult.

When Duke Bogislaw IV. In Anklam, with the consent of his brothers, Dukes Barnim II. And Otto I , donated the village of Klokow to Ivenack Monastery on April 3, 1286 , Jaczo II appeared again as nobiles vir dominus Jakezo comes de Guczekowe as a documentary witness . Also on September 4, 1286, when the same dukes in Ueckermünde gave the Broda monastery free fishing with a large net in the lagoon , Jaczo was among the documentary witnesses. The monastery Reinfeld received by the Duke on August 15, 1287 the village Teusin in the Bailiwick Demmin , again was nobilis vir dominus Jakezo comes de Guthzecowe certificate witness.

In 1288, Count Jatzkowen transferred shares from the village of Weitenhagen to the Eldena monastery . dominus Jakzo comes in Guthzecowe was also a documentary witness for Duke Bogislaw IV, when he gave the Reinfeld Monastery prescriptions from the villages of Bollenthin and Reudin ( Roidin ) on June 29, 1289 and again for the Dukes Bogislaw IV., Barnim II. and Otto I., when they transferred 22 Hufen in the village of Relzow and the entire village of Donyn along with the bailiwick and jurisdiction in all possessions to the Stolpe monastery on October 25, 1289 . Here Jaczo sired again together with knight Adam von Gützkow, from the ministerial family of the same name .

When the village of Kleeth was donated to the Reinfeld monastery by Duke Bogislaw IV on April 7, 1290, Counts Jaczo II ( Jakzo comes de Gutzecowe ) and Johann II von Gützkow ( Johannes domicellus de Guthzecowe ) appeared in Treptow as documentary witnesses.

In 1290 the Counts zu Gützkow renounced their justice at the Lieper Winkel in favor of the Grobe monastery . The following year, on July 4, 1291, Jacso comes de Gützko appeared again as first documentary witness for Duke Bogislaw IV when he transferred the heath around Priemhausen to the city of Stargard . On this occasion, the Duke calls him cognatus noster , i.e. his cousin.

In 1294 Count Jaczo II von Gützkow appeared twice as a ducal documentary witness. First as dominus Jaxzo comes de Gutszecow on April 24, when the dukes Barnim II and Otto I in Anklam pledged to the city of Stettin not to build any fortifications on the Oder , Haff and Swine rivers. Then, on August 22nd in Stargard, when both dukes of the city of Anklam confirmed the use of the Stralsund bushel. On this occasion Jaczo was again dubbed a cousin ( nostri dilecti consagwinei ).

Jackzo dominus in Gutsecow and his wife Cezislaua domina in Gutsecow sold the northern part of Mönchgut from their rule Streu on Rügen to the Eldena Monastery in Greifswald for 1100 Mark Pfennigs . On the same day, Prince Wizlaw II of Rügen and his sons Wizlaw III confirmed. and Sambor in Greifswald the sale. A few days later, on February 2nd, the dukes Barnim II and Otto I confirmed all rights and possessions to the local monastery in Kolbatz and took the monastery under their protection. Dominus Jacobus et dominus Johannes, comites de Gutzekow are named among the document witnesses . After all, nobilis vir dominus Jaczo comes de Gutzekow was the first representative of the negotiating commission and witness of the ducal division of the country into the duchies of Pomerania-Stettin and Pomerania-Wolgast on July 1st. Here he appeared in the second document together with Count Johann von Gützkow ( nobiles viri Jaczo et Johannes, comites de Guzekowe ) as the only witness.

In a document dated June 18, 1297, issued in Greifenberg , concerning matters relating to the knight Johann von Heydebreck , comes Jakch de Gutsecowe was once again named first and comes Johannes de Gutsecowe seventh among the document witnesses.

On April 13, 1298, Jaczko et Johannes, domini Guzkowenses, after mediation by Abbot Heinrich zu Eldena and Knight Heinrich von Behr renounced their possessions in the Lieper Winkel in favor of the Usedom Monastery. It was on the one hand on an earlier hearing in Schlatkow on September 6, 1297 and on the other hand on Bishop Conrad III. referred by Cammin , who had assigned the Gützkower counts the lands in Lieper Winkel. Wizlaw II. And his sons Wizlaw III. and Sambor renewed the enfeoffment with litter on April 23, 1298 for contulimus nobili viro domino Yakzen comiti de Gutzekowe, et suis heredibus . Once again, on 25 December 1298 entered dominus Jacze comes de Gutzekow as document tools for Duke Bogislaw IV. On, as this the nunnery, the Bede the village Cunow transferred.

Duke Bogislaw IV. Of Pomerania-Wolgast transferred on July 21, 1299 in Cammin the Monastery Buckow shares in the village Bulgrin . The documentary witness was Jacop comes de Gutsekowe. On August 2nd of the same year, the Duke awarded the city of Belgard the law of Luebi . Jaczo appeared as the first witness before the clergy and on this occasion was again referred to as a ducal cousin ( nobilis vir dominus Jatzo comes de Gutzkow, consanguineus noster dilectus ). On August 14, 1299, Duke Bogislaw IV gave the village of Cunow to the Wollin monastery , which his daughter Jutta, who would later become the abbess of Krummin monastery , had just entered. dominus Jaczo comes de Gutzecowe appeared again as a documentary witness.

In the year 1300 two mentions of Jaczo as a documentary witness of Duke Bogislaw IV are known. Once on March 23, when the village of Dadow was transferred to the town of Greifenberg as nobilis Jaczo comes de Guzekowe and again when the villages of Kröslin , Vencemin and Freest together with the island meadow of Kleiner Wotig and some fisheries were handed over to the monastery Eldena on September 16 as Jaczko dominus Guzkowensis

Two documents from Count Jaczo von Gützkow are also known from 1301. On June 6th he testified for his Duke Bogislaw IV as nobilis dominus Jacze comes de Gutzecow when he gave some real estate in Wollin to the city of Stettin, and on June 10th and 11th as noster dilectus consanguineus dominus Jacze comes de Gutzecow , i.e. again highlighted as a relative of the duke and also listed as the first among the witnesses before the clergy, in the event of a monetary debt and a pledge by the duke to the city of Wollin.

Dominus Jaczo de Gutzecowe appeared one last time , again as a documentary witness, when Duke Bogislaw IV granted various rights to the Wollin monastery on May 16, 1603. A little later he was likely to have died.

family

Only partially certain information can be given about the family involvement of Count Jaczo II.

For example, Jaczo I and a daughter of a Duke Bogislaw from the Greifen House were presented as parents in the technical discourse with plausible evidence. Nevertheless, the discussants of the 20th century decided to regard Johann I as the father of Jaczos II. No sufficient evidence could be found in the material reported for or against both variants.

The marriage to Cecislawa von Putbus (* 1247, † after 1295), daughter of Stoislaw II von Vilmnitz and Greta von Pedebuz, is, however, secured, i.e. represented amicably and clearly documented. Together with their marriage in 1262, the couple are considered to be the founders of the Franciscan monastery in Greifswald , which later served as a burial place for the family.

The following siblings are mutually identified as undisputed descendants of Jaczo II:

  • Bernhard von Gützkow (⚔ September 7, 1319 near Oldenwöhrden ), 1315 participant in the margrave war on the side of Witzlaw III. von Rügen, mentioned in a document in 1317 at the Peace of Templin as part of Erich of Denmark
  • Margarethe von Gützkow († after 1334) ⚭ July 30, 1322 in Trankær, Laurentz Jonsson Panter (* around 1280; † April 2/6, 1340), Danish Reichsdrost

It is unclear whether they are grandchildren or children. If it were his grandchildren, Jaczo III would be the link. (Jacob) to be pushed into the filiation . However, his actual existence is by no means certain and his postulated marriage to a Werlian princess' daughter is also highly controversial. Hofmeister notes: “The daughter of Johann I von Werle as the wife of a Jaczo III. stands on very weak feet. "

Johann II von Gützkow († after 1314), who appeared together with Jaczo five times in a document and was named until 1314, is said to have been a son of Jaczo II according to Pyl. Schwennicke, on the other hand, identifies him without a doubt as the first son of Konrad and older brother of Nikolaus von Gützkow . He would then come at this point, since Bernhard had no male siblings, even just as the brother of Jaczo III, who can only be assumed with uncertainty. (Jacob) in question.

Even Barbara from Gützkow († before 1323), which as abbess in 1303 Krummin to have been, could be classified or regarded as daughter Jaczos II. In time. However, there is no documented information about it, so that there is no certainty about its actual existence either.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d Adolf Hofmeister : The counts of Gützkow and the Pomeranian ducal house. 1938
  2. ↑ a b c d e Roderich Schmidt :  Gützkow, Count of. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 290 f. ( Digitized version ).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Detlev Schwennicke : European Family Tables , Volume III, Part I, Verlag Vittorio Klostermann , Frankfurt am Main 1984, Plate 7A (based on a manuscript by Edward Rymar )
  4. ↑ a b Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Bd. 1, Abt. 2, 1877, S. 535 (register)
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g Theodor Pyl :  Jaczo von Salzwedel . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, pp. 633-636.
  6. ↑ Adolf Hofmeister: An early ancestral mother of the Putbus from Danish royal blood. 1937
  7. ^ A b c d e Johannes Hoffmann: Studies on the history of the counts of Gützkow. Dissertation, University of Greifswald 1946
  8. ^ A b Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 2, Section 2, 1885, No. 1263
  9. ↑ a b c Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Bd. 3, Abt. 1, 1888, Nr. 1729/1730
  10. ↑ a b Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 2, 1891, No. 1901
  11. ↑ The inauthenticity was first established by Rodgero Prümers in Baltic Studies 32 (1882) p. 83. It is documented in detail by Dietrich Kausche: History of the House of Putbus and its possessions in the Middle Ages. (1937) pp. 12 ff. And 70 ff., Where the question of the real core is also discussed. See also Hofmeister in Pommersche Jahrbücher 31, p. 89, note 31.
  12. ↑ Transsumpt in the Reichsarchiv Copenhagen
  13. ↑ a b Robert Klempin (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 1, Abt. 1, 1868, p. 382, ​​No. 489
  14. ↑ The rule Streu was roughly between Bergen , Binz and Zirkow .
  15. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 2, Section 1, 1881, No. 1710
  16. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 2, Section 2, 1885, No. 1183
  17. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 2, Section 2, 1885, No. 1264
  18. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 2, Section 2, 1885, No. 1312
  19. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 2, Section 2, 1885, No. 1370
  20. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 2, Section 2, 1885, No. 1391
  21. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1435
  22. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1484
  23. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1510
  24. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1517
  25. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1527
  26. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1562
  27. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1588
  28. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1676
  29. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1695
  30. ↑ a b Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1709
  31. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1710
  32. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 1, 1888, No. 1712
  33. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 2, 1891, No. 1807
  34. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 2, 1891, No. 1837
  35. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 2, 1891, No. 1843
  36. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 2, 1891, No. 1871
  37. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 2, 1891, No. 1902
  38. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 2, 1891, No. 1904
  39. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 2, 1891, No. 1932
  40. ↑ Rodgero Prümers (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 3, Section 2, 1891, No. 1956/1957
  41. ↑ Georg Winter (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 4, Section 1, 1903, No. 1990
  42. ↑ Georg Winter (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 4, Section 1, 1903, No. 1991
  43. ↑ Georg Winter (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch , Vol. 4, Section 1, 1903, No. 2092
  44. ^ Albert Georg Schwartz : Diplomatic history of the Pomeranian-Rügischen cities of Swedish sovereignty: together with the attached history of the county of Gützkow. Hieronymus Johann Struck, Greifswald 1755, appendix after p. 840
  45. ↑ Karsten Igel: On the history of the Greifswald Franciscan monastery. On the occasion of the 750th anniversary of the founding of the monastery on June 29, 1262. In: Greifswald contributions to city history, preservation of monuments, city renovation. 6th year, Hanseatic City of Greifswald, Stadtbauamt, Greifswald 2012, pp. 4–15
  46. ^ Johann Joachim Steinbrück : History of the monasteries in Pomerania. Stettin 1796, p. 65
personal data
SURNAME Jaczo von Gützkow
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Count von Gützkow
DATE OF BIRTH 1244
DATE OF DEATH after May 16, 1303