Jugger

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bird's eye view of a jugger game

Jugger [ˈdʒʌɡə (r)] is a modern sport that combines the characteristics of team sport with elements of various individual sports such as fencing or wrestling .

Jugger describes both the game itself and the participating players. The game is about getting the ball (Jugg) into the opponent's goal (Mal) as often as possible in order to score a point for your own team. Only one player in each team can score a point with the cue ball. The other players go against each other with padded sports equipment (Pompfen) to prevent the opposing team from scoring. Since all sports equipment is well padded, jugger is no more dangerous than other team sports. A special feature of juggling sport is that there are no teams that are separated by sex.

history

Jugger has its origins in the dystopian feature film " The Jugger - Fight of the Best " from 1989, with Rutger Hauer in the lead role. The director and screenwriter David Peoples invented the game for the plot of the film. Here, wandering teams play for their meager livelihood, many with the aim of being accepted into the legendary " league ", in which, like gladiatorial competitions, competitions are held for the amusement of the wealthy. The film is played extremely brutally, so broken bones and lacerations are the rule. The real game, however, is not dangerous.

The first proven game took place in 1993 on a live role- playing game by the LARP group Die Dilettanten from Heidelberg . A Jugger preform was also played on the DracCon VII in the summer of 1993. The practice of the jugger game began to spread in Germany from that time. The rules were defined by trial and error and adjusted after contact with the groups. The first tournament outside of a live role-playing game took place in Hamburg in 1995 . The first German Jugger Championship took place in Berlin in 1998 . The German Jugger League was introduced in 2003 and consists of several local tournaments all over Germany. In 2006 the Jugger e. V. from Berlin appraised by the Landessportbund Berlin and recognized in 2007 by the Senate Department for Interior and Sport .

The first tournament with international participation by the Setanta team from Ireland was held in Hamburg in May 2007. At the 11th German Championship in Berlin in 2008, the Australian Red Backs team represented a team outside of Europe for the first time. In September 2014, the 17th German Championship was held in Villingen-Schwenningen, with 64 participating teams, the biggest juggler tournament to date.

Rules and principles

Plan of the playing field. The white dots represent the center and the two times.

The official rules are written down in the German regulations. Changes are suggested after a subjectively sufficient test phase and then selected by the German teams based on their feasibility and function. Despite the uniform basis, there are local variations of rules. An excerpt of the most important German basic rules is explained below.

matchfield

  • Length (total): 40 m
  • Width (total): 20 m
  • large side lines: 30 m
  • Baseline: 10 m

The playing field should be an even level without a slope. A simple lawn without a lot of vegetation has proven to be an optimal play area. The playing field is demarcated with eight lines, two of which are base lines and six side lines. The center of the playing field is marked. The main referee places the ball on this point at the beginning of a play.

Times

Two meters from the baseline is the mark, a kind of nest in which the cue ball must be placed in order to score a point. Each team owns a time. The shape of the mark corresponds to that of a truncated cone, the base of which has a diameter of approx. 50 cm. On the top there is a hole with a diameter of approx. 12 cm, in which the game ball is placed. The mark is made entirely of foam and must be fully padded. The mark must not be moved or blocked (e.g. by a pompfe or your own body).

Jugg

In the film, a dog's skull is used as a plaything. In sport, it doesn't have to look like a real dog's skull, but it has to be made of foam and about 30 cm long and about 12 cm wide. The skull is also known as a jugg .

player

A team consists of five field players and up to three substitutes. One of the field players is a runner; the remaining four field players are pompfer.

runner

The runner, also called Qwik , does not wear a pompfe and is therefore unprotected against the pompfe. He is the only one allowed to carry the Jugg with his hands, throw it and put it in the mark. He's not allowed to kick the jugg. The runners are allowed to wrestle with each other.

Pompfer

The pompers are free to choose between the different types of sports equipment, with a maximum of one chain per team. Their task is to protect their runner and to clear the way for him or to hinder the opposing runner. They are allowed to play the Jugg with their pompons, but not carry them with them. They are also not allowed to kick the jugg or touch it with their hands.

procedure

At the beginning of each play, the teams line up behind their baseline and the Jugg is placed in the middle of the field. After the referee gives the start command “3 - 2 - 1 - Jugger!” (The numbers in the respective national language or English ), both teams may enter the field of play. The runners try to take the jugg and put it in the opponent's mark. If the jugg gets stuck in the mark and no runner touches the jugg anymore, his team gets one point. When a point is scored, the turn ends and the teams line up again. Between the moves, the teams have the opportunity to replace and replace players and to discuss their tactics. So many moves are made until the time is up. The team that has the most points at the end of the game wins. If there is a tie, a Golden Jugg is played. To do this, a new turn is started. The team that wins this move receives one point and wins the game.

Timing

In the film, time is measured by throwing stones at a gong . This is why the unit of time is called "stones" for juggers. However, the symbolic use of drum beats has become established. Each game consists of two halves of 100 stones each. The time span of a stone is fixed at 1.5 seconds. Thus, a half has 2:30 minutes of pure playing time. In the half-time break, which should not be longer than 5 minutes, both teams change sides. Since the game time only expires during one turn, games are significantly longer than the 5 minutes pure game time. The last 10 stones are counted out loud by the stone counter .

Game after sets

It is also possible to set a point limit instead of a time limit. The rulebook suggests that a team has won a set if it has reached 5 points first and has won the game if it has won two sets. The sides are switched between the sentences

Pompfen

Jugger rules of the game, Berlin-Tempelhof, 2012
Pompfen based on the Berlin model

The sports equipment used by the jugger is called Pompfen . Stylized sword blades or the like are prohibited. The upholstery must be round and carefully executed. There are six different types of pomps, these are also divided into chain and "close-up pomps".

Rod

Length: 180 cm (of which 25 cm handle, 45 cm foam, 20 cm handle, 90 cm striking
surface ) The stick must be guided with one hand on each grip surface. The stick is the only pompfe that must not be used for stabbing. If a player is hit with the area between the two handles, this does not count as a hit. In Hamburg, the block surface on the stick is also used as the striking surface.

Q-tip

Length: max. 200 cm (of which at least 55 cm striking surface, max. 80 cm handle, min. 55 cm striking surface; the handle and one striking surface together may be max. 140 cm long)
The Q-Tip is the largest with a length of up to two meters Nahpompfe and has two striking surfaces. Both hands must be on the handle, otherwise a hit does not count. Most of the time, Q-Tips are symmetrical, even if this is not required by the rules. The Q-Tip can be used to pierce.

Long pomp

Length: 140 cm (including 40 cm handle, 100 cm striking
surface ) The long pompfe is 140 cm long. The length of the handle is 40 cm. It must be guided by the handle with both hands. Hits scored with one hand do not count. The long pomp is allowed to stab.

Short pomp

Length: 85 cm (including 25 handle, 60 cm striking
surface ) The short pompfe is the shortest pompfe and is performed with one hand. The game is played either with two short pomps or with a short pomp and a shield. A short pomp may be used to pierce.

sign

Dimensions: round with a diameter of 60 cm
The shield has a diameter of cm 60th Only round shields are allowed, as you can injure yourself on angular shields. The edge and the front are padded. One or two lashing straps are often used to attach the shield to the arm. The shield is carried with one hand in combination with the short pomp. The shield is only used for defense, so it can neither be hit nor pinned.

A shield player evades the attack of a chain by jumping
Chain

Length: max. 320 cm (of which at least 20 cm diameter of the chain ball and up to 300 cm chain, of which at least 100 cm from the ball consists of padded chain links)
The chain consists of a loop, an unpadded and padded chain part and a padded chain ball . The loop must be on the chain player's arm or hand. The chain cannot be pinned. If the chain has a close pompfen around it, special rules apply, see #wrapped pompfen .

Hit

Hit zones
Hit zones according to the German basic rules

A valid hit is achieved when the pompfe of the person hit has been carried out in accordance with the rules, a valid hit zone of the player has been hit and - if it is a chain - the chain is not caught . Hits on clothing also count. Which areas are considered to be hit zones depends on the role of the player:

  • For runners, the entire body is the hit zone, except for the head. If the runner holds a jugg in his hand, this also counts as a hit zone so that the runner cannot fend off any blows with the jugg.
  • For chain players, the entire body is the hit zone, except for the head.
  • In the case of close-range fire fighters, the entire body is considered the hit zone, except for the head and hands. However, the wrists are part of the hit zone.

If the head or neck is hit first in one movement and a valid hit zone is hit within the same stroke, this hit does not count either. Conversely, if a valid hit zone is hit first and then the head or neck, the hit counts.

If two players seem to meet at the same time and it cannot be determined who hit first, both are considered hit.

Punishment kneeling

If a player is hit by a pompfe with a valid hit, he becomes an "inactive player". That means he has to kneel on the floor and is not allowed to intervene in the game. The time-out for players hit by Pompfen is five stones. Chain hits are penalized with eight stones. This time must be visibly counted with one hand held on the back. After the time has expired, the player can become active again, but he can also remain inactive.

If the player has a pompfe, it must be placed flat on the floor so that no other player can trip over it. If the player is a runner and carries the jugg, then he must place the jugg next to him on the ground so that the opposing runner can pick it up.

Players who have served their penalty time are considered active again as soon as they have removed their scoring hand from their backs or released their knee from the floor. Players who mistakenly stand up before the end of the penalty time may be forced by the referees to kneel down again, counting the full penalty time.

Pinning
The player in the black jersey is pinned

Inactive players can be pinned. The face of a close-range pomp is placed on a valid hit zone of the inactive player. As long as a player is pinned, he may not become active again. A pinned player may continue to count his time-out during a pin.

If a pin is loosened, the player may not get up again until the next stone is heard. If the player has remaining time to count, he must remain inactive until he has counted his time out.

wrapped pomps

If a chain is wrapped around a close-up pomp (at least one wrap), the chain is considered "caught" and the close-up pomp as "wrapped around" until the chain is unwound again. The following restrictions apply to the captured chain and the wrapped pompfe:

  • The captured chain cannot be hit. (Pins are never possible with chains)
  • The wrapped pompfe cannot be hit or pinned. The only exception is the chain player: This can be hit by the wrapped pompfe, but it cannot be pinned either.

Out

If a player touches out or pushes the Jugg out, he must kneel 5 stones. To do this, he may first return to the playing field. The lines that limit the playing field are also eliminated. If the jugg is out of bounds, the runner may repeat it without having to kneel. Strictly speaking, at the start of a game all players are initially out of bounds, but as a result no player has to kneel after entering the field of play.

Runner fight

Runners are allowed to hinder the opposing runner. Only the upper body is considered the target, but not the head. If the runner touches the ground with more than just his feet, the whole body (except the head) counts as the target. Permitted techniques are pushing, grasping, holding, wrestling to the ground and carrying the opponent in and out. Strikes, kicks, throws , levers , pulling the arms or the jersey, pushing in the direction of running, running or jumping into the opponent and all other attacks aimed at injuring the opponent or hitting him outside the permitted attack area are prohibited. This only applies to the German rules, in Ireland and Australia the runners' fight is handled more like rugby (for example tackling from the run and in the direction of travel are allowed).

referee

Referees ensure that all players comply with the rules, address them to misconduct, impose penalties, interrupt the game in the event of injuries and generally ensure that everything runs smoothly. They also move the Jugg back into the field of play if he has left it and no runner has come before the referees. So that they do not obstruct the path of the players, they are mostly outside the field of play. In addition to the general duties, each referee has additional duties:

  • The main referee announces the score and the remaining playing time after a move. He also makes sure that the half-time break does not last longer than 5 minutes and announces the Golden Jugg . He has the last word in the event of disagreements among the referees. He moves along the sidelines.
  • The auxiliary referee moves on the opposite sideline and supports the main referee.
  • The two judges check in their respective halves whether the Jugg was placed in the mark and then call either “Jugg” or “Continue, no Jugg”. In addition, at the beginning of a move, they make sure that the players on their side enter the playing field in accordance with the rules and can cancel the move.
  • The stone counter counts the stones that have passed since the start of the game and ensures that an acoustic signal, e.g. B. a drum beat is given. He remembers the stone with which a move was started, so that the game can be continued in the event of a repetition with the same stone. He informs the main referee about the remaining stones after each move. The last 10 stones of a half are counted out loud.
  • The point counter counts the points and informs the main referee of the score after each move.

Australian rules

Hit zone according to Australian rules

The Australian rules partly differed from the German basic rules. Some elements are much closer to the form as it is played in the film, due to the associated hardness, other elements serve to increase security. There are other forms in the other countries. However, the German rules were the first and the Australian rules were the first to follow. These two basic types can be found in all other implementations in a modified or combined form.

Times

Until the beginning of the 21st century, the mark consisted of a foam stick on which the skull had to be impaled. European times have been used since then.

Pompfer

In addition to the runner and the chain player, there must be at least one long pompfe and one short pompfe. These genera can be represented twice (e.g. one long pompfe and two short pompfen, or two long pompfen and one short pompfe)

Pompfen

The pompfen are of a similar nature, but there are a multitude of possibilities to design the pompfen. So there are z. B. axes, scythes, hammers etc. Here, too, the prescribed upholstery applies to avoid and prevent injuries.

Hit

The forearms, calves and feet do not belong to the hit zone. The players are allowed to repel the attacks of the opponents with these body parts.

Hits from short or long pomps mean time out of 3 stones, chain hits mean time out of 5 stones. Hits from your own team do not count. Headshot (hit on the head, including hair / beard) / Groinshot / Boobieshot (in the soft tissues (men's testicles, women's pubic and breasts) - if so painful that you fail) mean 5 stones time out for the attacker. Only the torso and extremities above the knee and above the elbow are hit zone. Clothing in the hit zone is also hit (see above). Pinning is only possible through the person who has met. The runner cannot be pinned. Double hits (“Double”) are to be announced and mean that both players can continue playing. Time-outs are usually spent kneeling. If this leads to pain (e.g. due to knee problems), it can also be spent standing with the pompon / s lifted above the head. One hand should then count the stones / time out.

procedure

The game rounds start in a circle 4 m in diameter in the middle of the field. The skull lies in the middle. The two Qwiks vie for possession of the game ball (there is no ring rule). As long as both Qwiks are in a circle, they are not vulnerable. The attacks of the pompfer are only effective as soon as at least one foot is outside.

Game operation

Previous venues of youth tournaments in Germany

In addition to the training sessions that usually take place weekly at the respective locations, numerous tournaments are held in Germany. The winning team receives the corresponding title, which, in addition to unusual creations such as the bearer of the Hamburg standard, is often that of the respective national champion.

The community of players ranges from a wing shaped by LARP, which sees a major concern in the parties accompanying the tournaments, to one who wants juggers to be understood as a sport to be taken seriously. Despite this tension, there has not yet been a split.

With the Jugger Mob block , a loose association of players and fans has existed since 2012, which accompanies the finals of tournaments based on the model of the Ultras with performances and chants.

German championship

The most extensive jugger event is held once a year with the German Championship. The winner receives the title of German champion . Regardless of the name, non-German teams can also participate, which is why such tournaments are also called German Open . From January to the end of February, the location of the German championship is agreed by the teams, which also decide on rule changes.

year venue Number of participating teams winner comment
1998 Berlin 5 Merciless Bastards ( Hamburg )
1999 Berlin 7th Gorditos Cojones (Hamburg)
2000 Berlin 7th Gorditos Cojones (Hamburg)
2001 Berlin 7th Gorditos Cojones (Hamburg)
2002 Berlin 5 Gorditos Cojones (Hamburg)
2003 Berlin 7th Gorditos Cojones (Hamburg)
2004 Berlin 14th Gorditos Cojones (Hamburg)
2005 Berlin 8th Rigor Mortis (Berlin)
2006 Berlin 10 Rigor Mortis (Berlin)
2007 Berlin 17th Gorditos Cojones (Hamburg) 1st German Open
2008 Berlin 31 Green areas guerilla (Berlin) 2nd German Open
2009 Berlin 36 Rigor Mortis (Berlin)
2010 Berlin 24 Rigor Mortis (Berlin)
2011 Waidhaus 32 Rigor Mortis (Berlin)
2012 Berlin 61 Rigor Mortis (Berlin) 3rd German Open, a children's and youth tournament took place in parallel
2013 Berlin 60 Murcia jugger selection ( Murcia ) 4th German Open, a children's and youth tournament took place at the same time
2014 Villingen-Schwenningen 64 Rigor Mortis (Berlin) 1st open world championship
2015 Berlin 61 Verracos (Murcia)
2016 Waidhaus 61 Verracos (Murcia) XIX. Jugger DM
2017 Darmstadt 20th Zone children ( Jena ) 20.Jugger DM
2018 Rethwish 21st Rigor Mortis (Berlin) 21. Jugger DM
2019 Jena 22nd Rigor Mortis (Berlin) 22. Jugger DM
2020 - - - canceled due to corona measures

Jugger leagues

German Jugger League

In the German Jugger League (GJL), the league winner of the German Jugger League is played every year . The league season begins on May 1 of each year and ends on October 31 of the same year. Until the 2014 season, the teams tried to score as many points as possible in league tournaments. The team with the most points at the end of the season won the league. The GJL is independent of the German Championship. The titles of German champions and league winners of the German Jugger League must be distinguished.

In the year it was founded, the GJL comprised four tournaments (Freiburg / Waidhaus / Hamburg / Berlin). In recent years, the number of league tournaments per year has fluctuated between two and eight. The GJL aims to practice juggers as a sport. Overly martial and role-play-like presentations are not carried out within the league.

The record league champion is Rigor Mortis (Berlin). Here is Rigor Mortis won the title in 2015 for the eleventh time in a row. Before that, Drachenblut (Waidhaus) was a two-time league champion. In 2016 the team HaWu AllstarZ (Gevelsberg) won the GJL Playoffs in Jena. In 2017, the playoffs of the league were held in Darmstadt as the 20th German championship, in which the zone children from Jena won the title for the first time.

Regional qualifications since 2015

GJL was restructured for the 2015 season. For the first time there were regional preliminary rounds in which the 24 best teams could qualify for the 1st playoff finals of the German Jugger League . Germany was divided into the regions north-west, north-east, west, central Germany and south, in which qualifications organized by stewards were carried out.

League logo

Based on the logo of the Bundesliga, the GJL league logo was created in 2003. Despite the English word "League", one speaks of the Jugger League. The English term was chosen to ensure the correct pronunciation of the word “jugger”.

trophy
The league cup

The league cup was 2004 for the 7th German championship and at the same time the last league tournament of the year by Jugger e. V. Berlin was completed and so, with a one-year delay, the league winners 2003 and 2004, Drachenblut , could be presented.

Whoever wins the league cup can enter their team name and the year on one of the silver ring plates. Whoever wins this trophy five times (it is not important here that the five times are in a row) can write the team name and the year on one of the gold plaques. In this way, this trophy could change hands for a total of 66 years. On the back of the league cup are the rules according to which it is awarded.

Ligature

In earlier seasons, league tournaments took place in Bad Oldesloe, Berlin, Darmstadt, Freiburg i. Br., Hamburg, Hanover , Homburg , Jena, Lübeck , Lippstadt , Lüneburg , Oldenburg , Saarbrücken , Villingen-Schwenningen and Waidhaus.

Open Jugger League

The Open Jugger League was founded with the aim of running a freer variant of a measurable competition. The fundamental difference is the planning of the encounters: These do not take place within a fixed tournament tree, as in the GJL, but by agreement of the teams at the tournaments taking place. The OJL has been played since spring 2012 and is particularly popular in southern Germany. Team Gossenhauer (Freiburg) led the 2012 ranking with nine participants , but no playoffs were played. In 2013 the OJL took a break. In the 2014 season, 14 teams took part in the OJL. The playoffs took place in Freiburg on October 11, 2014. The hosts Gossenhauer were able to win ahead of the rankings leader Pink Pain (Darmstadt). From the 2015 season the “Jugger Working Group South” (JAGS) took over the administration of the OJL. This season, 23 teams from Hesse, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria took part in the OJL. At the playoffs on September 19, the first three places also corresponded to the final ranking: Pink Pain prevailed against the TackleTiger (Karlsruhe) and the Gossenhauer . In the 2016 season, 19 teams played in the OJL. At the playoffs in Darmstadt, the Mainz marauders (second in the ranking) won against the hosts Pink Pain (fourth in the ranking). In 2017, the Darmstadt-based Pink Pain clearly dominated the rankings and also won the playoffs against runner-up Bob Jugger .

literature

  • Ruben Philipp Wickenhäuser Jugger - The practical book Basics - Training - Teambuilding , Zauberfeder Verlag, Braunschweig 2014, ISBN 978-3-938922-37-8
  • Ruben Philipp Wickenhäuser: Go for the Pompfe! : educational opportunities of a new sport , Ludwigsfelde: Ludwigsfelder Verl.-Haus, 2011, ISBN 978-3-933022-71-4
  • Ruben Philipp Wickenhäuser: Jugger. The end time sport . Archive of Youth Cultures, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-940213-59-4
  • Christoph Brunken: Rejection and acceptance of clubs with new sports in the LandesSportBund Niedersachsen: The example of Jugger Sport, in: Krüger, A./Wedemeyer-Kowle, B .: Forgotten, suppressed, rejected - On the history of exclusion in sport, conference reports of the 10th Hoya Conference on Sports History from October 10th to 12th, 2008 . Berlin: LIT, 2009, ISBN 978-3-643-10338-3
  • Ruben Philipp Wickenhäuser: Juggling instead of beating. The trend sport for reducing aggression and social learning . Verlag an der Ruhr, Mülheim 2006, ISBN 3-8346-0178-0

Web links

Commons : Jugger  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Recognition of the eligibility of the Jugger eV sports organization (PDF; 2.7 MB) Reg. 1943. Senate Department for Internal Affairs and Sport, Berlin, April 25, 2007, accessed on August 7, 2018 .
  2. ↑ a b Jugger rulebook version 8. (PDF 7.8 mB) jugger.org, April 1, 2018, accessed on May 1, 2018 ( CC-BY-NC-ND ).
  3. ↑ For the spelling, see the 2017 version of the rules or the letter from the author / director, in: Wickenhäuser, Juggern, Mülheim ad Ruhr 2006, p. 7
  4. ↑ 23rd Hamburg Championship. May 2, 2018. Retrieved May 28, 2018 .
  5. ^ Australian Rules The Rules of Jugger. (No longer available online.) Australian Jugger League Inc Management Committee, April 15, 2011, archived from the original on September 23, 2015 ; accessed on February 9, 2014 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.jugger.org.au
  6. ↑ a b Past tournaments. jugger.org, accessed June 14, 2013 .
  7. ↑ Exemplary: Jugger players sing karaoke. (Video) YouTube , September 9, 2011, archived from the original on February 22, 2014 ; accessed on February 1, 2014 .
  8. ↑ Student Senst dreams of the Olympics in Katrin Brinkmann: exotic sport "Jugger": fighting with dogs' heads. SPON , July 1, 2009, accessed February 1, 2014 .
  9. ↑ Christian Spiller: The battle with the large ear sticks. Zeit Online , September 12, 2012, accessed February 2, 2014 .
  10. ↑ Jugger mob block. Facebook , accessed February 1, 2014 .
  11. ↑ 12th German Championship. jugger.org, accessed January 25, 2014 .
  12. ↑ 13th German Championship. jugger.org, accessed January 25, 2014 .
  13. ↑ 14th German Championship. jugger.org, accessed January 24, 2014 .
  14. ↑ 14th German Championship. jugger.org, accessed January 25, 2014 .
  15. ↑ 15th German Championship. jugger.org, accessed January 25, 2014 .
  16. ↑ 16th German Championship. jugger.org, accessed January 25, 2014 .
  17. ↑ 17th German Championship. jugger.org, accessed September 16, 2014 .
  18. ↑ 18th German Championship. jugger.org, accessed February 6, 2016 .
  19. ↑ 21st German Championship. jugger.org, accessed September 16, 2018
  20. ↑ 22nd German Championship. jugger.org, accessed August 15, 2020
  21. ↑ openjuggerleague - current status of the discussion. jugger.org, accessed January 31, 2014 .
  22. ↑ ojl - 2012 season ranking list. google , accessed February 2, 2014 .
  23. ↑ "Jugger Working Group South" (JAGS)  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.xn--jugger-sd-x9a.de  
  24. ↑ "ojl ranking list 2015"