Kumielsk

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Kumielsk
Kumielsk does not have a coat of arms
Kumielsk (Poland)
Kumielsk
Kumielsk
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Pisz
Gmina : Biała Piska
Geographic location : 53 ° 33 '  N , 21 ° 59'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 33 '26 "  N , 21 ° 59' 28"  E
Residents : 309 (2011)
Postal code : 12-230
Telephone code : (+48) 87
License plate : NPI
Economy and Transport
Street : Biała Piska / DK 58 / ext. 667 - Radysy ↔ Grodzisko - Żebry
DK 63 - Kałęczyn - Liski → Kumielsk
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig
Warsaw



View of Kumielsk at Jezioro Kumielskie (2013)

Kumielsk [ kuˈmʲɛlsk ] ( German  Kumilsko , 1938–1945 morning ) is a Polish village in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . It belongs to the urban and rural community Biała Piska (Bialla , 1938 to 1945 Gehlenburg) in the powiat Piski ( Johannisburg district ).

Geographical location

Kumielsk is located in the eastern south of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, 15 kilometers southeast of the district town of Pisz ( German  Johannisburg ).

history

Kumielsk was founded in 1428 as a "Zinsdorf" with six Schulzen-Hufen under Cologne law by the Teutonic Knight Order . The Prussian name Kumelischken / Kumilszken / Komilsken from 1471 indicates horse breeding ( Lithuanian kumelė , Latvian kumlš ).

In the Great Plague of 1709/11, around 735 people died in Kumilsko.

On April 8, 1874 Kumilsko office Village was and thus its name to an administrative district , which - in 1938 renamed "District Tomorrow" - existed until 1945 and the county Johannesburg in Administrative district Gumbinnen (1905: Administrative district Allenstein ) in the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged. The population of Kumilskos was 445 in 1910.

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Kumislko belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus Germany) or join Poland. In Kumilsko, 300 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not vote.

In 1933 there were 354 residents registered in Kumilsko.

For political and ideological reasons of defense foreign-sounding place names Kumilsko was in "Tomorrow" on June 3, 1938 renamed . In 1939 the population was 355.

When in 1945 as a result of the war the entire south of East Prussia was transferred to Poland , Kumilsko resp. Concerned tomorrow. It received the Polish form of the name "Kumielsk" and is now the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish Sołectwo ). Thus it belongs to the urban and rural community Biała Piska (Bialla , 1938 to 1945 Gehlenburg) in the powiat Piski ( Johannisburg district ), until 1998 the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then part of the Warmia-Masurian Voivodeship . In 2011 the population was 309.

District Kumilsko / Morgen (1874–1945)

Mammoth stone

In 1925 a rare find was made near Kumilsko: a limestone with an incised drawing of a trunk animal, which in all probability represents a mammoth .

Religions

Church building

In Kumilsko (= Comelske ) the first church was mentioned in 1502. It burned down in 1720 and the rebuilt church was also destroyed by flames in 1849. Today's church was built between 1850 and 1851 as a hall building with field stone masonry , covered with an open beamed ceiling on the inside. The interior also includes preserved parts of the previous church. The tower was built in 1874. Until 1945 the church was the central place of worship for the Protestant parish Kumilsko / Morgen, today it is the parish church of the newly established Roman Catholic parish of Kumielsk.

Parish

Evangelical

In Kumilsko there was already a church in the pre-Reformation period, which adopted Reformation teaching at the beginning of the 16th century . Until 1715 it was integrated into the Lyck inspection ( Polish Ełk ), later it belonged to the church district Johannisburg in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union until 1945 . In 1925 the parish of Kumilsko had 3,736 parishioners.

The evangelical parish put an end to the flight and expulsion of the local population . The few Protestant church members living here today stick to the parish in Biała Piska , a subsidiary parish of Pisz in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .

Roman Catholic

Before 1945 there were very few Catholic church members in the Kumilsko region. They were included in the parish church in Johannisburg . After 1945, new Polish citizens of mostly Catholic denominations settled in Kumielsk, who took over the previously Protestant church as their church and - from 1962 - their parish church . The new parish also includes the branch parish in Rakowo (Adlig Rakowen (domain), Raken 1938 to 1945 ) , incorporated into the Biała Piska deanery in the Ełk diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland .

school

In 1737 Kumilsko became a school town. The children from Kumilsko, Bagensken (1938 to 1945 Lehmannsdorf , Bagieńskie in Polish ) and Kuckeln ( Kukły in Polish ) were taught together here in multiple classes.

traffic

Kumielsk is located on a side road that branches off at Biała Piska from state road 58 or voivodship road 667 and via Radysy ( German  Radishöh ) to Grodzisko ( German  Grodzisko , 1932 to 1945 Burgdorf ) and from then on as a district road (Droga powiatowa) DP 1882B leads to Żebry in Podlaskie Voivodeship . There is also a side road from Landesstraße 63 via Liski (Lisken) to Kumielsk.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 633
  2. ↑ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Morgen
  3. ↑ a b c Kumilsko / morning at family research Sczuka
  4. ↑ Rozalia Przybytek: place names of Baltic origin in the southern part of East Prussia / Nazwy miejscowe pochodzenia bałtyckiego w południowej części Prus Wschodnich (= Hydronymia Europaea special volume 1). Steiner, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-515-06449-4 , p. 137
  5. ↑ Rolf Jehke, Kumilsko District / Morgen
  6. ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, district Johannisburg
  7. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 75
  8. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Johannisburg district (Polish Pisz). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  9. ↑ For this year there is a local plan from Morgen / Kumilsko: Horst Polkowski, local plan 1944/45
  10. ^ Sołectwa Gminy Biała Piska
  11. ^ Kumielsk bei Polska w liczbach
  12. ↑ W. Gaerte, The Mammoth Bildstein of Kumilsko, Kr. Johannesburg, 1994
  13. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian churches. Göttingen 1968, p. 120
  14. ↑ a b Parafia Kumielsk in the Diocese of Ełk
  15. ↑ Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 491