Land crown (Ahr)

Land crown
The land crown from the direction of Heppingen with the Maria-Hilf-Chapel
height	271.7  m above sea level NHN
location	Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler , Ahrweiler District , Rhineland-Palatinate ( Germany )
Mountains	Middle Rhine area
Coordinates	50 ° 33 '5 "  N , 7 ° 10' 21"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 33 '5 "  N , 7 ° 10' 21"  E
Type	Kegelberg
rock	basalt
particularities	Landskron Castle , reserve Landskrone
View from the Langer Köbes observation tower on the Neuenahrer Berg north-east over the Ahr valley bridge of the A 61 to the Landskrone

The land crown around 1900 with the village of Heppingen and the Maria-Hilf chapel (Marienkapelle) on the western flank

Landskrone, aerial photo (2016)

The land crown in the area of ​​the city of Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler in the Rhineland-Palatinate district of Ahrweiler is 271.7  m above sea level. NHN high elevation in the Middle Rhine area . It was formerly called Gimmiger Berg and Gymmicher Kupp , and is now called Landskrone because of the Landskron castle ruins located on it . The Maria-Hilf-Chapel (Marienkapelle) stands on the west flank .

geography

location

The land crown is part of the northern roof of the lower Ahr valley . It is located east of Bad Neuenahr between Gimmigen in the north-north-west, Heppingen in the west, Heimersheim in the south and Lohrsdorf in the east, which are all districts of Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler. The Ahr flows south past in a west-east direction , into which the Leimersdorfer Bach (Heppinger Bach) flows south-west of the elevation and the Lohrsdorfer Bach flows in the east-south-east .

Natural allocation

The land crown belongs to the natural spatial main unit group Middle Rhine Region (No. 29), in the main unit Lower Middle Rhine Region (292) and in the subunit Rhein-Ahr-Terrassen (292.2) to the natural area Oberwinterer Terrassen- und Hügelland (292.23). Your landscape falls to the south in the natural environment Ahrmündungstal (292.21) from, and directly across the west flowing collecting Leimer Dorfer Bach, the natural area includes Grafschafter Lößhügelland (292.22) to.

geology

Geologic is at the crown land, the southwest corner of the Siebengebirgsmuseum volcanic field to a stalled as basalt Härtling that of the original from a Ahr in tertiary bulging Devon ceiling grauwacke was removed. Characteristic of the Ahr terraces of the Tertiary are meter-high sandy landings.

history

A Celtic settlement of the area around the land crown presumably took place around 500 BC . The legend of the three virgins is reminiscent of the old matron worship. Up until the Franconian era, one of eight Germanic thing sites in the Gaus was on the elevation . The elevation was then called Gimmiger Berg . He was called Gymmicher Kupp until around 1000 .

Around 1206 Gerhard von Sinzig was enfeoffed with the Landskroner Grafschaft. This happened with the permission of the Hohenstaufen throne Philipp von Schwaben. In 1206, construction of the Reichsburg Landskron began on the highly visible summit region of the Landskrone . The castle was also a bulwark against the Archbishop of Cologne on the Rhine and fortress to protect the Aachen-Frankfurt highway and is known as Landskron Castle today.

On the high elevations of the western flank of the elevation near the summit, the Maria-Hilf-Chapel , also known as the Marienkapelle, was first mentioned in 1212 and is visible from afar .

At the southwestern foot of the Landskrone near the federal road 266 is the Heppinger Brunnen , first mentioned in 1565 , whose water has been used as mineral and medicinal water for centuries . The company Apollinaris (founded in 1852), located west-southwest of Heppingen on the Ahr Valley Bridge , sells the Heppinger medicinal water from this well .

A quarry was operated on the elevation until 1889.

Flora and fauna

The rocky southern slope of the Landskrone harbors ecological aspects that are worth seeing. The area is interspersed with numerous herbs from medieval kitchen culture such as garden chervil , catnip , periwinkle , ivy arum and donkey thistle . The north and east slopes are characterized by coppice forests . Medicinal herbs such as yellow foxglove , tooth grates , medicinal cowslips , gooseberries , wild roses , bird cherries and green hellebore can also be found here . In the fauna found, inter alia smooth snake , lizards , Segelfalter , rose chafer and Bergzikade .

Protected areas

After a Regulation of the District Government in Koblenz on 8 April 1943, the survey was that about 5 on the high altitudes  ha large nature reserve Landskrone ( CDDA . -No 164,336) reported that, according to other data is large 4 ha; it has the abbreviation “NSG-7131-004”. Parts of the Rhein-Ahr-Eifel landscape protection area (CDDA no. 323834; 1980; 925.86 km²) and those of the fauna-flora-habitat area Ahrtal (FFH no. 5408-302; 16.59 ) are also located on the elevation km²).

See also: List of nature reserves in the Ahrweiler district

Traffic and walking

A little to the west past the Landskrone near Heppingen over the Ahr valley bridge leads the federal highway 61 and under it the federal highway 266 , which runs south of the elevation , which a little further east at Heimersheim connects to the federal highway 571 , which also goes under the bridge and leads to the A 61 . In Heppingen the north through Gimmigen and then branches from the B 266 Nierendorf extending national road  80 from. For example, starting on the federal and state roads, the Landskrone can be hiked on paths and trails that lead through the vineyards of the Nelles winery in the south and through forests in the north and on the highlands.

Web links

Commons : Landskrone  - collection of images

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Map service of the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate Nature Conservation Administration (LANIS map) ( notes )
2. ↑ Bruno P. Kremer: cones and knobs . In: Bruno P. Kremer (Ed.): The Siebengebirge . Wienand Verlag, Cologne 2002, ISBN 3-87909-770-4 , pp. 13-25 (here: p. 22).
3. ↑ Jakob Rausch: The Landskrone - a German mountain of fate , in: Heimatjahrbuch Kreis Ahrweilerb 1955, p. 17
4. ↑ W. Knippler: Madonna-worship on the Landskron, Celtic origin? , in: Heimatjahrbuch Kreis Ahrweiler 1960, p. 60
5. ↑ August Antz: The three virgins from the Landskron , in: Heimatjahrbuch Kreis Ahrweiler, 1960, p. 61
6. ↑ Christian Havenith: The Landskrone - ecological gem , in: Heimatjahrbuch Kreis Ahrweiler, 1998, p. 138
7. ↑ ^{a b} Ordinance of the Koblenz district government of April 8, 1943, published in the official gazette of the Koblenz government on April 17, 1943 (PDF; 71.1 kB)
8. ↑ ^{a b c} Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )