List of French forts in North America

This is a list of the fortifications built by French or French companies in North America (" New France "). These “forts” can be large fortresses in the European sense as well as small fortified trading posts.

French forts in North America

Historical data					Current data
Establishment	task	region	Type	Surname	place	province	Country	Current state	image
1541	1543	Canada	Military base	Fort Charlesbourg-Royal	Quebec	Quebec	Canada	national historical site
1562	1563	Florida	Military base	Charlesfort	Parris Island	South carolina	United States	national historical site
1564	1565	Florida	Military base	Fort Caroline	Jacksonville	Florida	United States	national historical site
1604	1713	Acadia	Trading post	Fort de Chedabouctou	Guysborough	Nova Scotia	Canada
1611	1688	Canada	Military base	Fort Ville-Marie	Montreal	Quebec	Canada
1613	1674	Acadia	Trading post	Fort Pentagouet	Castine	Maine	United States
1620	1834	Canada		Fort Saint-Louis	Quebec	Quebec	Canada	national historical site
1623		Acadia		Fort Saint-Louis also: Fort Lomeron	Cap de Sable	Nova Scotia	Canada	national historical site
1629	1641	Acadia		Fort Sainte Anne	Port Dauphin	Nova Scotia	Canada
1631	1671	Acadia		Fort La Tour	Saint-Jean	New Brunswick	Canada	national historical site
1634	1752	Canada	Military base	Fort des Trois-Rivières	Trois-Rivières	Quebec	Canada	Plaque
1636	1713	Acadia	Military base	Fort Port-Royal	Port-Royal	Nova Scotia	Canada	national historical site
1636	1713	Acadia	Military base	Fort Anne	Annapolis Royal	Nova Scotia	Canada	national historical site
1642		Canada	Military base	Fort Richelieu	Sorel-Tracy	Quebec	Canada	monument
1646		Canada		Fort de la Rivière Puante	Bécancour	Quebec	Canada	no records
1649		Canada		Fort you Moulin	Trois-Rivières	Quebec	Canada
1650	1659	Acadia		Fort Simon Denys	Port Dauphin	Nova Scotia	Canada
1656		Canada		Fort Sainte-Marie	Trois-Rivières	Quebec	Canada	Memorial chapel
1658	1821	Canada	citadel	Montreal Citadel	Montreal	Quebec	Canada	Plaque
1659	1670	Pays d'en Haut	Trading post	Fort Chagouamigon	Ashland	Wisconsin	United States	Plaque
1660		Canada		Fort Saint-François also: Fort de la Madeleine, Fort de la rivière Faverel	Trois-Rivières	Quebec	Canada
1662	1713	Newfoundland	Trading post	Fort de Plaisance	Placentia	Newfoundland and Labrador	Canada
1664		Canada	Military base	Fort Champlain also: Fort LaTouche	Champlain	Quebec	Canada	no remains
1665	1760	Canada	Military base	Fort Sainte-Thérèse	Carignan	Quebec	Canada	Plaque
1665	1851	Canada	Military base	Fort Chambly also: Fort Saint-Louis	Chambly	Quebec	Canada	national historical site
1665	1666	Canada	Military base	Fort de la Rivière-du-Loup	Louiseville	Quebec	Canada	lost
1666	1775	Canada	Military base	Fort Saint-Jean	Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu	Quebec	Canada	Museum and military college on site
1666		Canada		Fort Sainte-Anne	Isle La Motte	Vermont	United States
1669	1695	Canada	Military base	Fort Lachine also: Fort Rémy	Lachine	Quebec	Canada	museum
1671	1776	Canada		Fort Senneville	Montreal	Quebec	Canada	historical site
1670		Canada	Military base	Fort de Pointe-aux-Trembles	Pointe aux trembles	Quebec	Canada	historical park
1672		Canada	Military base	Fort Verchères	Verchères	Quebec	Canada
1673	1696	Canada		Fort Saint-Louis also: Fort Moose	Moose Factory	Ontario	Canada
1673	(in use)	Canada	Military base	Fort Frontenac also: Fort Cataracoui	Kingston	Ontario	Canada	Military College, National Historic Site
1673	(in use)	Canada	Military base	Quebec Citadel	Quebec	Quebec	Canada	List of world heritage
1676	1842	Canada		Vieux Poste de Sept-Îles	Sept-Îles	Quebec	Canada	historical site
1679	1902	Canada		Fort Témiscamingue	Duhamel-Ouest	Quebec	Canada	National Historic Site
1679	1683	Canada		Fort Conti	Youngstown	new York	United States	Plaque
1679 (1717)	1696	Pays d'en Haut	Trading post	Fort Caministigoyan also: Fort Kaministiquia, Fort William	Thunder Bay	Ontario	Canada	Plaque
1679	1680	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Miami	St. Joseph	Michigan	United States
1680		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Crèvecœur	Creve Coeur (Illinois)	Illinois	United States	historical site
1681	1701	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Buade	St. Ignace	Michigan	United States
1682	1721	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Saint-Louis du Rocher also: Fort Saint-Louis-des-Illinois, Fort Saint-Louis I	North Utica	Illinois	United States	no remains
1682		Louisiana (colony)	Trading post	Fort Prud'homme	Memphis	Tennessee	United States
1683		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Sainte-Croix	Sainte-Croix	Wisconsin	United States	Plaque
1683	1763	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Tourette also: Fort La Maune	Nipigo Lake	Ontario	Canada
1684	1957	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Bourbon also: Fort Bourbon North, Fort York York Factory	York Factory	Manitoba	Canada	York Factory National Historic Site
1685	1726	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Chécagou	Chicago	Illinois	United States	historical site
1685		Canada		Fort de la Montagne also: Fort des Messieurs, Fort Belmont	Montreal	Quebec	Canada	Location of the Collège de Montréal (private university). Got two towers
1685	1689	Louisiana (colony)		Fort Saint-Louis	Inez	Texas	United States
1685		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Bon Secours	Reads Landing	Minnesota	United States	reconstructed
1685		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Perrot	Pepin (Wisconsin)	Wisconsin	United States	Plaque
1685		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Saint-Nicolas	Wisconsin River	Wisconsin	United States	no remains
1686		Pays d'en Haut	Military base	Fort Saint-Joseph	Port Huron	Michigan	United States
1670 (1686)	1693	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Sainte Anne also: Fort Albany	Fort Albany	Ontario	Canada
1686	1731	Pays d'en Haut	Military base	Fort Saint-Antoine	Trempeauleau	Wisconsin	United States	Plaque
1686	1693 and 1697 to 1713	Canada		Fort Saint-Jacques also: Fort Charles	Waskaganish	Quebec	Canada
1687	1689	Canada	Military base	Fort Denonville	Youngstown	new York	United States	Plaque
1687	1713	Canada		Fort Laprairie	Laprairie	Quebec	Canada	Plaque
1687	1701	Canada	Military base	Fort Crevier	Saint-François-du-Lac	Quebec	Canada	historical site
1687	1811	Newfoundland	Military base	Fort Royal also: Castle Hill	Placentia	Newfoundland and Labrador	Canada	national historical site
1690				Pointe aux Cannon Battery	Ile de San Pedro	Saint-Pierre and Miquelon	France
1690	1713	Newfoundland	Military base	Fort Saint-Louis	Placentia	Newfoundland and Labrador	Canada
1691	1795	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Saint-Joseph	Niles	Michigan	United States	museum
1691	1812	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Pimiteoui also: Fort Saint-Louis II, Fort Illinois Fort Peoria	Peoria	Illinois	United States
1692	1700	Acadia	Military base	Fort Nashwaak	Fredericton	New Brunswick	Canada
1693	1759	Pays d'en Haut		Fort La Pointe also: Fort Saint-Esprit (1693 to 1698)	La Pointe County	Wisconsin	United States
1694	1824	Canada		Fort Coulonge	Fort Coulonge	Quebec	Canada
1695		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Le Sueur	La Baye	Wisconsin	United States
1696	1717	Canada		Fort Lorette also: Fort de la Nouvelle Lorette	Montreal	Quebec	Canada
1698	1810	Canada	Military base	Château fort de Longueuil	Longueuil	Quebec	Canada	lost
1699		Louisiana (colony)		Fort Maurepas also: Vieux Biloxi	Ocean Springs	Mississippi	United States	reconstructed
1700	1707	Louisiana (colony)	Military base	Fort de La Boulaye also: Fort Mississippi	Paroisse Plaquemine	Louisiana	United States	archaeological excavations
1700	1703	Pays d'en Haut		Fort L'Huillier	Mankato	Minnesota	United States	Information board at the presumed location
1701		Louisiana (colony)	Military base	Fort Saint-Jean	New Orleans	Louisiana	United States	historical site
1701	1796	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Detroit also: Fort Pontchartrain du Détroit	Detroit	Michigan	United States
1702	1760	Pays d'en Haut	Military base	Fort Miamis also: Fort Saint-Philippe des Miamis, Fort des Miamis	Fort Wayne	Indiana	United States
1702		Louisiana (colony)	Trading post	Fort Vincennes also: Fort Sackville	Vincennes	Indiana	United States
1702	1711	Louisiana (colony)	Military base	Fort Louis de la Louisiane also: Fort Louis de la Mobile	Lemoyne	Alabama	United States	archaeological excavations
1713	1745	Acadia		Fort Dauphin	Port Dauphin	Nova Scotia	Canada
1714	1803	Louisiana (colony)	Trading post	Fort Saint-Jean-Baptiste also: Fort des Natchitoches	Natchitoches	Louisiana	United States	historical site
1714	1804	Louisiana (colony)	Military base	Fort Rosalie	Natchez	Mississippi	United States	Disappeared
1714	1763	Louisiana (colony)		Fort Le Dout	Wood County, Texas	Texas	United States	archaeological excavations
1715	1780	Pays d'en Haut	Trading post	Fort Michilimackinac also: Fort Mackinac	Mackinaw City	Michigan	United States	reconstructed
1717	1791	Pays d'en Haut	Military base	Fort Ouiatenon	West Lafayette	Indiana	United States	reconstructed
1717	1763	Louisiana (colony)	Military base	Fort des Alibamons also: Fort Toulouse	Wetumpka	Alabama	United States	historical site
1717	1814	Louisiana (colony)	Military base	Fort Toulouse also: Fort des Alibamons Fort Jackson	Wetumpka	Alabama	United States	historical site
1717	1760	Pays d'en Haut	Military base	Fort La Baye	La Baye	Wisconsin	United States
1719	1760	Acadia	Military base	Louisbourg fortress	Louisbourg	Nova Scotia	Canada	reconstructed, National Historic Site of Canada
1720	1730	Canada		Fort Douville	Toronto	Ontario	Canada
1720	1758	Acadia		Port-la-Joye-Fort Amherst	Charlottetown	Prince Edward Island	Canada	historical site
1720		Louisiana (colony)		Fort de Chartres	Prairie du Rocher	Illinois	United States	reconstructed
1723	1820	Louisiana (colony)		Fort Condé also: Fort Condé de la Mobile, Fort Louis de la Mobile, Fort Charlotte, Fort Carlota	mobile	Alabama	United States	reconstructed
1724	1728	Louisiana (colony)	Trading post	Fort Orléans	Brunswick	Missouri	United States
1725	(in use)	Canada	Military base	Fort du Sault Saint-Louis	Kahnawake	Quebec	Canada	national historical site
1725	1904	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Michipicoton also: Fort Michipicoten	Wawa	Ontario	Canada
1726	1963	Canada		Fort Niagara	Youngstown	new York	United States	historical site
1727		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Beauharnois	Wacouta	Minnesota	United States
1727	1759	Canada	Military base	Fort Saint-Frédéric	Crown Point	new York	United States	historical site
1730	1860	Canada	Trading post	Fort Dumoine	Pontiac	Quebec	Canada	flooded by Lac Holden
1731		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Saint-Pierre	Fort Frances	Ontario	Canada
1731		Pays d'en Haut	Military base	Fort Trempealeau	Trempeauleau County	Wisconsin	United States	Plaque
1732		Pays d'en Haut	Trading post	Fort Saint-Charles	Northwest Angle	Minnesota	United States	reconstructed in 1950
1734		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Maurepas	Selkirk	Manitoba	Canada
1735	1763	Louisiana (colony)		Fort de Tombecbé also: Fort Tombecbe	Epes	Alabama	United States
1738	1852	Pays d'en Haut		Fort La Reine	Portage la Prairie	Manitoba	Canada	Museum on site
1738	1749	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Rouge	Winnipeg	Manitoba	Canada
1739		Louisiana (colony)	Military base	Fort de l'Assomption	Memphis	Tennessee	United States
1741		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Bourbon also: Fort Bourbon Ouest	Grand Rapids	Manitoba	Canada
1741	1763	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Dauphin	Winnipegosis	Manitoba	Canada
1741		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Paskoya (1st Fort)	Cedar Lake (Saskatchewan River)	Manitoba	Canada
1744	1760	Louisiana (colony)		Fort Cavagnal also: Fort des Kans Fort Cavagnolle Post of the Missouri Fort de la Trinité	Missouri River	Kansas	United States	lost
1747	1763	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Sandoské	Sandusky Bay , Sandusky	Ohio	United States
1749	1760	Canada	Military base	Fort de La Présentation also: Fort Ogdensburg	Ogdensburg	new York	United States	Reconstruction project
1749		Acadia	Military base	Fort Boishébert also: Fort Nerepis	Grand Bay	New Brunswick	Canada	national historical site
1749	1750	Canada		Fort Portneuf	Toronto	Ontario	Canada
1750	1759	Canada		Fort Rouillé also: Fort Toronto	Toronto	Ontario	Canada	historical site
1750	1755	Acadia	Military base	Fort Ménagouèche	Saint John	New Brunswick	Canada
1751	1755	Acadia		Fort de La Galissonière also: Fort Folly	Memramcook	New Brunswick	Canada
1751		Acadia		Fort Beauséjour also: Fort Cumberland	Pont-à-Buot	New Brunswick	Canada	national historical site
1751	1756	Acadia	Military base	Fort Gaspareaux	Port Elgin	New Brunswick	Canada	national historical site
1751	1760	Pays d'en Haut	Military base	Fort La Jonquière	Prince Albert	Saskatchewan	Canada	no records
1752		Pays d'en Haut		Fort Paskoya (2nd Fort)	Le Pas	Manitoba	Canada
1753	1763	Canada		Fort de la Rivière au Boeuf	Waterford	Pennsylvania	United States
1753	1754	Pays d'en Haut		Fort Vaudreuil	Bagley	Wisconsin	United States	historical site
1753	1757?	Pays d'en Haut		Fort La Biche	Red deer	Alberta	Canada
1753		Pays d'en Haut		Fort de La Corne also: Fort Saint-Louis	Prince Albert	Saskatchewan	Canada	Forest heritage reserve
1753	1852	Pays d'en Haut		Fort de la Presqu'île also: Fort Presqu'île	Erie	Pennsylvania	United States
1754	1758	Canada		Fort Duquesne also: Fort Pitt	Pittsburgh	Pennsylvania	United States	Wall remains
1754	1759	Canada	Military base	Fort Machault also: Fort Venango	Franklin	Pennsylvania	United States
1754	1759	Canada	Military base	Fort Carillon	Ticonderoga	new York	United States	national historical site
1756		Canada	Military base	Fort Oswego	Oswego	new York	United States
1757	1814	Canada	Military base	Fort Massiac also: Fort de l'Ascension, Fort Massac	Metropolis	Illinois	United States	reconstructed
1759	1763	Louisiana (colony)		Fort Kaskaskia	Kaskaskia	Illinois	United States	national historical site
1759	1760	Canada	Military base	Fort Lévis also: Fort William Augustus	Ogdensburg	new York	United States
1760	1777	Canada		Fort Ticonderoga also: Fort Carillon	Ticonderoga	new York	United States	national historical site
1765	1803	Louisiana (colony)	Military base	Fort Chef Menteur also: Fort Macomb	Rigolets	Louisiana	United States	national historical site
1787	1819	Canada	Trading post	Fort Espérance	Qu'Appelle River	Saskatchewan	Canada	national historical site
1792	1860	Canada	Trading post	Fort Bas de la Rivière	Fort Alexander (Manitoba)	Manitoba	Canada	reconstructed

Individual evidence

1. ^ Rene Chartrand: The Forts of New France in Northeast America 1600-1763 . Osprey Publishing, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4728-0318-4 .
2. ^ René Chartrand: The Forts of New France: The Great Lakes, the Plains and the Gulf Coast, 1600-1763 . Osprey Publishing, 2010, ISBN 978-1-84603-504-3 .
3. ↑ Fort Chambly March, in GrandQuebec.com retrieved 2, 2010
4. ↑ The exact location of this fort in Tennessee is unknown, but is most likely believed to be in Memphis.
5. ↑ Located between Fort Saint-Louis (Moose Factory), Ontario, and Waskaganish (Fort Rupert), Quebec
6. ^ Landmarks and monuments Saint-Pierre and Miquelon . Archived from the original on July 25, 2010. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 8, 2010. 
7. ↑ Fort Menagoueche is mentioned in the article on Fort Beauséjour .
8. ↑ Not to be confused with the Forts de Lévis on the riverside south of Québec.

literature

• Bertrand Guillet, Louise Pothier Ed .: France - Nouvelle France. Naissance d'un peuple français en Amerique. Exhibition catalog. Somogy, Paris 2005 ISBN 2-85056-907-0 Pointe-à-Callière , Montreal 2005 ISBN 2-921718-41-3 . Map of New France with 34 French forts p. 86