List of leading National Socialists who committed suicide at the end of the Second World War

The following list provides an overview of leading figures of Nazi Germany, which shortly before or soon after the German defeat in World War II suicide committed. The first crossing of the German state border by the Allies (September 11, 1944) and the beginning of the Nuremberg Trials (November 20, 1945) were chosen as framework data to limit the period of the impending or just defeat of the Nazi state in the war .

Were added politicians , diplomatic , officers of the armed forces , SS -Leader and higher party officials and state officials . Furthermore, there are also individualities from other areas or with a different date of death.

List of National Socialist suicides

Contents A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A.

• Fritz Adam († April 16, 1945 in Querfurt), National Socialist member of the Reichstag
• Alwin-Broder Albrecht († May 1, 1945 in Berlin), Hitler's adjutant
• Friedrich Alpers († September 3, 1944), SS-Obergruppenführer
• Werner Altendorf († May 3, 1945 in Bad Kleinen), National Socialist member of the Reichstag
• Georg Altner († April 12, 1945 in Dortmund), National Socialist member of the Reichstag
• Karl d'Angelo († March 20, 1945 in Gernsheim), camp leader in the Dachau concentration camp , police director in Cuxhaven and Heilbronn
• Karl Astel († April 4, 1945 in Jena), SS-Standartenführer , Rector of the University of Jena , "racial researcher"

B.

• Georg Bachmayer († May 8, 1945), SS-Hauptsturmführer , 1st protective custody camp leader of the Mauthausen concentration camp
• Wilfrid Bade (probably † beginning of May 1945 in Berlin ), Ministerialdirektor in the Reich Propaganda Ministry (not fully clarified, deviating information speaks of a death in Soviet captivity in December 1945)
• Konrad Barde († May 4, 1945), major general
• Erich Bärenfänger († May 2, 1945 in Berlin), General
• Kurt von Behr († April 19, 1945), a leader in the Nazi art theft and the M-action involved
• Ernst Bergmann († April 16, 1945), Nationalsoz. Professor of Philosophy
• Walther Bierkamp († May 15, 1945 in Scharbeutz ), SS brigade leader and major in the police
• Max Blancke († April 27, 1945 in Hurlach ), concentration camp doctor (together with his wife)
• Wilhelm Bock († May 1, 1945 in Berlin), SS and police leader , commander of a special unit involved in the murder of Jews
• Erpo von Bodenhausen († May 9, 1945 near Grobin ), Lieutenant General
• Franz von Bodmann († May 25, 1945 in Markt Pongau ) concentration camp doctor (in captivity)
• Helmut Böhme († May 6, 1945 in Meißen ), National Socialist politician and SA leader
• Andreas Bolek († May 5, 1945 in Magdeburg ), National Socialist member of the Reichstag
• Theodor Heinrich Bongartz († May 15, 1945 in Böcklingen ), SS Oberscharführer , head of the crematorium in the Dachau concentration camp
• Walter Borlinghaus († April 14, 1945 in Iserlohn ), National Socialist member of the Reichstag
• Martin Bormann († May 2, 1945 in Berlin), head of the party chancellery of the NSDAP , Hitler's secretary
• Hans Bothmann († April 4, 1946 in Heide ), (in captivity), SS commander of the Kulmhof / Chelmno extermination camp
• Philipp Bouhler († May 19, 1945 near Dachau ), civil servant, head of the "Chancellery of the Führer" (in captivity)
• Fritz Bracht († May 9, 1945 in Bad Kudowa ), Gauleiter of Upper Silesia (together with his wife)
• Erwin Bumke († April 20, 1945 in Leipzig ), President of the Reich Court
• Hermann Bunjes († July 25, 1945 in Trier ), art historian , SS-Obersturmführer, head of the KHF in Paris
• Wilhelm Burgdorf († May 1, 1945 in Berlin), General, Adjutant to Hitler

C.

• Leonardo Conti († October 6, 1945 in Nuremberg) , Reich Health Leader , Head of the Reich Medical Association
• Max de Crinis († May 2, 1945 in Stahnsdorf ), psychiatrist, SS standard leader, involved in euthanasia murders
• Wilhelm Crohne († April 26, 1945), Deputy Chairman of the People's Court

D.

• Theodor Dannecker († December 10, 1945 in Bad Tölz ), SS-Hauptsturmführer, close collaborator of Adolf Eichmann
• George von der Betten († April 17, 1945 in Spremberg ), Adjutant of the former War Minister von Blomberg (deliberately went into the field of fire of advancing Soviet troops)
• Karl Decker († April 21, 1945 in Groß Brunsrode near Braunschweig ), General of the Armored Force
• Kurt Delitzsch († 1945), President of the Higher Regional Court in Kassel
• Erwin Ding-Schuler († August 11, 1945 in Freising ), concentration camp doctor (in captivity)
• Walter Dönicke († April 19, 1945), Lord Mayor of Leipzig
• Ewald Dost († May 13, 1945 in Zwickau ), Lord Mayor of Zwickau (in captivity)
• Otto-Heinrich Drechsler († May 5, 1945), Mayor of Lübeck , General Commissioner of Latvia

E.

• Heinrich Eddelbüttel († 1945), racial ideologist
• Joachim Albrecht Eggeling († April 15, 1945 at the Moritzburg in Halle), Gauleiter of Halle-Merseburg
• Heinz Ehaus († May 8, 1945 in Johannisbad), district chief in occupied Poland
• Walter Ernstberger († 1945 in Sagan), SS-Obersturmführer, protective custody camp leader in the Groß-Rosen concentration camp

F.

• Wilhelm Faupel († May 1, 1945), Ambassador of the German Reich in Spain
• Heinrich Fehlis , († May 11, 1945 in Porsgrunn), commander of the security police and SD in Norway
• Rudolf Feick († May 1945), National Socialist member of the Reichstag
• Walter Frank († May 9, 1945), President of the Reich Institute for the History of the New Germany
• Fritz Freitag († May 10, 1945 near Graz), Major General of the Waffen SS
• Alfred Freyberg († April 18, 1945 in Leipzig), Lord Mayor of Leipzig (together with his wife and daughter)
• Hans-Georg von Friedeburg († May 23, 1945 in Flensburg - Mürwik ), Admiral General , sole co-signer of all documents of surrender of the German Reich in May 1945

G

• Willy Gierlichs († June 1945), Nazi functionary, Reich speaker for the Wehrmacht High Command
• Paul Giesler († May 8, 1945 in Bischofswiesen), Bavarian Prime Minister and Gauleiter of Munich-Upper Bavaria, named the last Reich Minister of the Interior in Hitler's will
• Werner von Gilsa († May 9, 1945 in Teplitz), general and last combat commandant of Dresden
• Odilo Globocnik († May 31, 1945 in Paternion), SS-Obergruppenführer, Gauleiter in Vienna and head of the extermination of Jews in the Generalgouvernement
• Richard Glücks († May 10, 1945 in Flensburg - Mürwik ), SS leader and head of the inspection of the concentration camps
• Joseph Goebbels († May 1, 1945 in Berlin), Gauleiter of Berlin, Reich Minister of Propaganda , designated as his successor as Reich Chancellor in Hitler's will (together with his wife Magda )
• Hellmuth Gommlich († April 3, 1945 in Meiningen), District Administrator in Meiningen, SS-Sturmbannführer
• Artur Görlitzer († April 25, 1945 in Berlin), Deputy Gauleiter of Berlin (together with his wife)
• Curt von Gottberg († May 31, 1945 near Flensburg), SS-Obergruppenführer, jointly responsible for the murder of over 3,000 people
• Claus Göttsche († May 12, 1945 in Hamburg), head of the Jewish department of the Hamburg Gestapo
• Günther Gräntz († April 30, 1945 in Berlin), member of the Reichstag
• Ernst-Robert Grawitz († April 24, 1945), Reich doctor SS and police, SS-Obergruppenführer
• Robert Ritter von Greim († May 24, 1945), Field Marshal General, Commander in Chief of the German Air Force
• Walter Groß († April 25, 1945 in Berlin), member of the Reichstag , head of the main science office in the Rosenberg office
• Max Großkopf († April 25, 1945), leader in the security service of the SS , head of the Gestapo in Graz, liaison leader with the staff of the Russian Liberation Army
• Rolf Günther († August 1945 in Ebensee), deputy head of Section IV B 4 (Emigration and Jewish Affairs) in the Reich Security Main Office

H

• Georg Haberkern († June 20, 1945), National Socialist member of the Reichstag
• Joachim Hamann († July 13, 1945), SS-Sturmbannführer, involved in the murder of 60,000 Jews
• Karl Hanke († June 8, 1945) Nazi functionary, Reichsführer SS
• Paul Heigl († April 8, 1945), General Director of the Austrian National Library
• Reinhold Heller († May 7, 1945 in Berlin-Nikolasee) Police President of Potsdam, former head of the Department for Combating Communists at the Gestapo
• Konrad Henlein († May 10, 1945 in Pilsen), leader of the Sudeten German National Socialists (in captivity)
• Otto Herzog († May 6, 1945 in Breslau), National Socialist member of the Reichstag
• Walter Hewel († May 2, 1945), SS Brigade Leader and State Secretary in the Foreign Office
• Heinrich Himmler († May 23, 1945 in Lüneburg), Reichsführer of the SS , Reich Minister of the Interior (in captivity)
• Paul Hinkler († probably April 13, 1945), Gauleiter
• Adolf Hitler († April 30, 1945 in Berlin), Chairman of the NSDAP, Chancellor and Head of State of the German Reich, Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces and dictator (together with his wife Eva Hitler, born and known as Eva Braun )
• Ernst Holzlöhner († June 14, 1945), concentration camp doctor (in captivity)

J

• Dietrich von Jagow († April 26, 1945 in Meran), SA-Obergruppenführer, German envoy in Hungary
• Oscar Jaster († April 27, 1945 in Potsdam), SA group leader, leader of the SA group Oder and provincial councilor of the province of Mark Brandenburg
• Martin Jonas († April 14, 1945 in Leipzig), National Socialist Senate President at the Reich Court
• Rudolf Jung († December 11, 1945 in Prague), theoretician of National Socialism
• Hugo Jury († May 8, 1945 in Zwettl), Gauleiter of Niederdonau, SS-Obergruppenführer

K

• Hans Kammler († May 9, 1945 by court order), SS-Obergruppenführer, head of SS construction
• Eberhard Kinzel († May 23, 1945 in Idstedt), General of the Infantry
• Matthias Kleinheisterkamp († May 2, 1945 in Halbe), General of the Waffen SS
• Fritz Knaus († May 29, 1945 in Lietzen), National Socialist member of the Reichstag
• Arthur Kobus († April 1945 in Berlin), Lieutenant General
• Peter Paul Koch († October 1, 1945 in Hamburg), experimental physicist
• Richard Kolb († 1945 in Bad Reichenhall), broadcast director, SS-Hauptsturmführer
• August Korreng († June 7, 1945 in Plettenberg), SS brigade leader, police chief of Düsseldorf
• Heinrich Wilhelm Kranz († May 5, 1945 in Staßfurt), professor, racial hygienist, rector of the University of Giessen, rector of the University of Frankfurt
• Hans Krebs († May 1, 1945 in Berlin), General, Chief of Staff of the Army
• Friedrich Wilhelm Krüger († May 10, 1945 in Gundernhausen), SS-Obergruppenführer
• Walter Kubitzky († April 26, 1945 in Berlin), police officer, criminal inspector, head of Department IV E 4 (Defense East) in the Reich Security Main Office
• Benedikt Kuner († May 14, 1945 near Altglashütten), NS district leader, responsible for the murder of 5 prisoners of war

L.

• Rudolf Lange († February 23, 1945 in Posen), SS-Standartenführer, as commander of the Security Police and SD in Riga, was involved in the murder of over 250,000 people
• Robert Ley († October 25, 1945 in Nuremberg), leader of the German Labor Front (in captivity)
• Willy Liebel († April 20, 1945 in Nuremberg), Lord Mayor of Nuremberg
• Herbert Linden († April 27, 1945 in Berlin), Ministerialdirigent in the Reich Ministry of the Interior, organizer of the institutional murders of the T4 campaign
• Enno Lolling († May 27, 1945 in Flensburg ), concentration camp doctor
• Rudolf Lonauer († May 5, 1945 in Neuhofen an der Krems), Nazi euthanasia doctor
• Hans Loritz († January 31, 1946), SS-Oberführer

M.

• Ernst Mann († July 18, 1945 in Pillau), Chief Finance President in Pomerania
• Kurt Mayer († June 8, 1945 in Bad Oldesloe), head of the Reichssippenamt
• Georg Meindl († May 10, 1945 near Steyr), military economic leader, SS brigade leader
• Hans-Joachim Mertens († April 11, 1945 in Braunschweig), NSDAP politician, acting Lord Mayor of Braunschweig
• Alfred Meyer († April 11, 1945 in Hessisch-Oldendorf), Gauleiter of Westphalia-Lippe, State Secretary in the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories
• Walter Model († April 21, 1945), Field Marshal General
• Konrad von Monbart († May 24, 1945), District President in Kassel
• Heinrich Müller († April 27, 1945), Lord Mayor of Darmstadt, SS group leader
• Heinrich Müller (probably April / May 1945 in Berlin), head of the Gestapo (not fully secured)
• Hermann Müller-John († May 8, 1945 in Austria), SS-Sturmbannführer, Reichskultur Senator
• Friedrich Murawski († 1945), head of the Department for Political Churches in the Reich Security Main Office
• Wilhelm Murr († May 14, 1945), Reich Governor in Württemberg (in captivity)
• Friedrich Mußgay († September 3, 1946 in Stuttgart), head of the Stuttgart state police station (in captivity)

O

• Theodor Oppermann († May 6, 1945 in Neukirchen), National Socialist member of the Reichstag

P

• Günther Patschowsky , († May 17, 1945 in Hamburg) SS-Brigadführer, District President of Upper Danube (in captivity)
• Karl Pflomm († April 16, 1945), police chief of Dresden
• Fritz Pfotenhauer († May 20, 1945 in Kreischa), head of the Dresden Gestapo
• Hans Pfundtner († April 25, 1945 in Berlin), State Secretary in the Reich Ministry of the Interior, main author of the Nuremberg Laws
• Ludwig Pösl († April 12, 1945 in Schweinfurt), member of the Reichstag
• Giovanni Preziosi († 1945), anti-Semitic Jesuit, inspector general for race matters in Italy
• Hans-Adolf Prützmann († May 21, 1945 in Lüneburg), General of the Waffen-SS (in captivity)
• Carl Friedrich von Pückler-Burghauss († May 12/13, 1945 in Friedland), SS group leader and lieutenant general of the Waffen SS
• Karl Pütz († May 6, 1945 in St. Märgen), Inspector and Southwest Commander of the Security Police and SD

Q

• Rudolf Querner († May 27, 1945 near Magdeburg), General of the Waffen-SS

R.

• Wilhelm Redieß († May 8, 1945), SS-Obergruppenführer, General of the Waffen-SS
• Paul Ritterbusch († April 26, 1945), lawyer and science officer
• Heinz Roch († May 10, 1945 in Trondheim), SS and police leader in Northern Norway
• Arthur Rödl († April 1945 in Stettin), camp commandant of the Groß-Rosen concentration camp
• Hellmut Röhnert († June 6, 1945), Nazi economic functionary in the armaments industry
• Meinoud Rost van Tonningen († June 6, 1945 in Scheveningen), Dutch National Socialist
• Gerhard Rühle († June 5, 1949), member of the Reichstag and leader of the NS student union
• Joachim Rumohr († February 11, 1945), SS brigade leader and major general of the Waffen SS
• Bernhard Rust († May 8, 1945 in Berne), Reich Minister for Science and Education
• Karl-Heinz Rux († May 8, 1945 in Vellach), commander of the security service in Veldes (in captivity)

S.

• Franz Schädle († May 2, 1945 in Berlin), head of the Führer Accompanying Command
• Ernst Schambacher († May 18, 1945 in Houska), detective director, head of Section IV E 4 (Defense North) in the Reich Security Main Office
• Walter Scherff († May 24, 1945), major general
• Arno Schickedanz († late April 1945 in Berlin), National Socialist member of the Reichstag, head of staff in the East Ministry (together with his wife and daughter)
• Rudolf Schittenhelm († May 12, 1945 in Aussig), National Socialist member of the Reichstag
• Hans Schleif († April 27, 1945), SS-Standartenführer, architect and archaeologist
• Albrecht Schmelt († May 8, 1945 in Warmbronn), "Special Representative of the Reichsführer SS for the work of foreigners"
• Walter Schmid-Sachsenstamm († April 7, 1945 in Klagenfurt), psychiatrist, participant in the euthanasia murders of Aktion T4
• Hans Schmidt-Leonhardt († April 1945 in Berlin), National Socialist press lawyer, manager of the Reich Chamber of Culture
• Georg Scholze († April 23, 1945 in Berlin), major general
• Otto von Schrader († July 19, 1945 in Bergen), Admiral
• Heinrich Seetzen († September 28, 1945), lawyer, SS-Standartenführer, commander of the security police and the SD in Belarus
• Gustav Simon († December 18, 1945), Gauleiter of the Gaus Moselland
• Ernst Sorger († August 9, 1945), SS-Obersturmbannführer, psychiatrist, participant in the euthanasia program
• Jakob Sprenger († May 7, 1945 in Kössen), Gauleiter of Hessen-Nassau, Prime Minister of Hessen
• Theodor Steinmeyer († May 26, 1945 in Mühlhausen), psychiatrist, participant in the euthanasia program (in captivity)
• Erich Straub († April 29, 1945 in Berlin), psychiatrist, involved in euthanasia crimes
• Ludwig Stumpfegger († May 2, 1945 in Berlin), Hitler's last personal physician
• Friedrich Suhr († May 31, 1946 in Wuppertal), lawyer, SS-Obersturmbannführer, security police and SD leader
• Reinhard Sunkel († May 8, 1945 in Libau), Ministerialdirektor, personal advisor to Bernhard Rust

T

• Helmut Tanzmann († March 6, 1946), (in captivity), lawyer, SS leader and councilor at the security service of the Reichsführer SS
• Heinrich Teipel , († April 11, 1945 in Wanzleben), National Socialist member of the Reichstag
• Otto Telschow († May 31, 1945 in Lüneburg), Gauleiter
• Josef Terboven († May 8, 1945 in Skaugum near Oslo , Norway ), Reich Commissioner for Occupied Norway
• Heinz Thilo († May 13, 1945 in Hohenelbe), concentration camp doctor

V

• Walter Volgmann († May 1, 1945 in Rostock), Lord Mayor of Rostock
• Hans Volk († 1945), former deputy head of the Secret State Police Office in Berlin

W.

• Otto Wamboldt († April 1, 1945), Lord Mayor of Darmstadt
• Eduard Weiter († May 2, 1945), camp commandant of the Dachau concentration camp
• Ernst Wenzel († 1945), general physician, SS brigade leader
• Friedrich August Wirth († May 11, 1945 in Lichtenau), veterinarian and NS district leader
• Eduard Wirths († September 20, 1945), SS doctor in Auschwitz

Z

• August Zehender († February 11, 1945), Major General of the Waffen SS

Failed suicide attempts

• Hans Frank , Governor General in occupied Poland (tried to cut his wrists on May 6, 1945, but was saved in time; executed in Nuremberg on October 16, 1946)
• Rudolf Hess , Reich Minister and Adolf Hitler's deputy, tried to stab himself in February 1945, but the attempted suicide failed. Hess committed suicide by hanging in 1987.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Hartmut Nickel: Hans-Joachim Mertens (1943–1945). In: Henning Steinführer , Claudia Böhler (Hrsg.): The Braunschweiger Mayors. From the establishment of the office in the late Middle Ages to the 20th century. oeding print GmbH, Braunschweig 2013, ISBN 978-3-941737-68-6 , p. 412.