Essertines-sur-Rolle

Essertines-sur-Rolle
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Vaud (VD)
District :	Nyon
BFS no. :	5856
Postal code :	1186
Coordinates :	513 947  /  149638 coordinates: 46 ° 29 '33 "  N , 6 ° 19' 4"  O ; CH1903:  five hundred and thirteen thousand nine hundred and forty-seven  /  one hundred and forty-nine thousand six hundred and thirty-eight
Height :	726  m above sea level M.
Height range :	428–896 m above sea level M.
Area :	6.95  km²
Residents:	721 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	104 inhabitants per km²
Website:	www.essertines-sur-rolle.ch
Location of the municipality

Essertines-sur-Rolle is a municipality in the Nyon district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland .

geography

Essertines-sur-Rolle is 726  m above sea level. M. , 14 km north-northeast of the district capital Nyon (air line). The farming village extends on the slope of the plateau, which slopes slightly to the east, above the Vaudois Côte, at the southern foot of the Jura , in the area of ​​the village brook Ruisseau des Chaux .

The area of ​​the 6.9 km² municipal area includes a section of the Jura foot plateau and the Vaudois Côte. The upper part of the municipality includes the high plateau sloping towards the east, which is drained by the Ruisseau des Chaux and Ruisseau des Rotières streams (which partially forms the northern border) to the Aubonne . To the west the area extends into the forest Le Saugey , in which at 896  m above sea level. M. the highest point of Essertines-sur-Rolle is reached. The southern municipal boundary mostly runs on the edge above the steep drop of the Côte ( Les Bioles , 811  m above sea level ). The municipality extends in a narrow corner to the south to the foot of the Vaudois Côte and includes its steep slope between the creeks Le Flon in the west and Ruisseau de Famolens in the east. In 1997, 7% of the municipal area was accounted for by settlements, 21% for forests and trees and 72% for agriculture.

Essertines-sur-Rolle includes the hamlets of Châtel ( 739  m above sea level ), Bugnaux ( 599  m above sea level ) on the slopes of the Côte, Roussillon ( 492  m above sea level ) east of the Flon near Tartegnin and Creux du Mars ( 429  m above sea level ) at the foot of the Côte by the Flon stream and numerous individual farms. The neighboring municipalities of Essertines-sur-Rolle are Mont-sur-Rolle , Tartegnin , Gilly , Burtigny , Saint-Oyens , Gimel and Aubonne .

population

With 721 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2018), Essertines-sur-Rolle is one of the smaller municipalities in the canton of Vaud. 78.8% of the residents are French-speaking, 8.3% German-speaking and 5.7% English-speaking (as of 2000). The population of Essertines-sur-Rolle was 564 in 1850 and 453 in 1900. After the population had decreased to 296 by 1980, the population began to grow rapidly, almost doubling the number of inhabitants within 20 years.

economy

Essertines-sur-Rolle was a predominantly agricultural village until the second half of the 20th century . Agriculture still plays an important role as a livelihood for the population. It focuses on cattle breeding , dairy farming and arable farming on the plateau . The slope of the Côte below the hamlet of Bugnaux is consisted of vines throughout . Further jobs are available in local small businesses and especially in the service sector. In the last few decades the village has developed into a residential community. Many employees work abroad and sometimes commute to the cities of Lausanne and Geneva .

traffic

The community is located away from major thoroughfares. The hamlets as well as Essertines-sur-Rolle can be easily reached from the Rolle motorway junction on the A1 (Geneva-Lausanne) opened in 1964 . Essertines-sur-Rolle is connected to the public transport network through a postbus course that runs from Rolle to Gimel .

history

The remains of a Roman settlement were discovered near Bugnaux . The first written mention of the place took place in 1152 under the name Essartinis , in 1250 the name Exertines appeared . The place name is derived from exsartum , the participle of the late Latin word exsarire (to clear , to make arable ).

In the Middle Ages, Essertines-sur-Rolle belonged to the lordship of Mont-le-Vieux, which was owned by the lords of Cossonay - Prangins . In 1293 the rulership came into the possession of the Savoy , in 1366 that of the Viry. A small market town developed around the Mont-le-Vieux castle, which was located on a ledge above Bugnaux, which was first mentioned in 1179 and destroyed by the Confederates in 1475 together with the castle . As a result, the place was abandoned and the residents mostly settled in Bugnaux.

With the conquest of Vaud by Bern in 1536, Essertines-sur-Rolle came under the administration of the Bailiwick of Morges , with jurisdiction being exercised by the castleagues of Rolle and Mont-le-Vieux. In 1784 numerous houses fell victim to a fire. After the collapse of the Ancien Régime , Essertines-sur-Rolle belonged to the canton of Léman from 1798 to 1803 during the Helvetic Republic, which then became part of the canton of Vaud when the mediation constitution came into force . In 1798 the village was assigned to the Aubonne district, and in 1803 it came to the Rolle district. The endeavors of the people of Bugnaux and Châtel in the first half of the 19th century to found an independent municipality were not granted.

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in Essertines-sur-Rolle

The parish church of Saint-André was a subject of dispute between the Benedictine abbey of Ainay near Lyon and its daughter monastery Saint-Jean in Geneva in the 12th century . The church was built on the foundations of a previous Carolingian building. It has an important choir and has been rebuilt several times since the Middle Ages. In the center there are some characteristic farmhouses from the 18th and 19th centuries. Only ruins are visible of the former Mont-le-Vieux castle.

literature

• Paul Bissegger: Les monuments d'art e d'histoire du Canton de Vaud, Tome VII: Rolle et son district. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 2012 (Art Monuments of Switzerland, Volume 120) ISBN 3-7643-1208-4 . Pp. 121-139.

Web links

Commons : Essertines-sur-Rolle  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality of Essertines-sur-Rolle (French)
• Germain Hausmann: Essertines-sur-Rolle. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Aerial photography

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 . 

and display information about the image

Essertines-sur-Rolle