Höflein on the Hohe Wand
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Höflein on the Hohe Wand
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| coat of arms | Austria map | |
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| Basic data | ||
| Country: | Austria | |
| State : | Lower Austria | |
| Political District : | Neunkirchen | |
| License plate : | NK | |
| Main town : | Oberhöflein | |
| Surface: | 8.93 km² | |
| Coordinates : | 47 ° 48 ' N , 16 ° 2' E | |
| Height : | 490 m above sea level A. | |
| Residents : | 871 (January 1, 2020) | |
| Population density : | 98 inhabitants per km² | |
| Postcodes : | 2724, 2732, 2733 | |
| Area code : | 02620 | |
| Community code : | 3 18 49 | |
| NUTS region | AT122 | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Local road 22 2732 Höflein on the Hohe Wand |
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| Website: | ||
| politics | ||
| Mayor : | Harald Ponweiser ( SPÖ ) | |
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Municipal Council : ( 2020 ) (15 members) |
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| Location of Höflein on the Hohe Wand in the Neunkirchen district | ||
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 View from the Hohe Wand, at the lower edge of the picture the districts of Oberhöflein and, behind, Unterhöflein |
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| Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria | ||
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Höflein an der Hohen Wand is a municipality with 871 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in the Neunkirchen district in Lower Austria .
geography
Höflein an der Hohen Wand is located at the southern end of the Hohen Wand in the industrial district in Lower Austria. The area of the municipality covers 8.94 km² . 54.32% of the area is forested.
Community structure
The municipality includes the following three localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):
- Oberhöflein (369)
- Unterhöflein (359)
- Zweiersdorf (143)
Cadastral communities are Oberhöflein, Unterhöflein, Zweiersdorf.
Neighboring communities
history
The place probably owes its name to the first settlement in the Middle Ages, when a farm stood alone here many centuries ago: Höflein ("one farm alone"). Another explanation comes from the Celtic usage of Hovilin ("farms in the valley - in the plain").
The oldest valid documentary mention dates back to 1249. Erkenger von Landsee , belonging to a branch of the Stubenberger family of Styria , dedicates a wine toe to Weikersdorf to the Rein monastery . In this document a Poppo de Hovelin appears as a witness. Therefore, in 1999 Höflein celebrated 750 years since it was first mentioned. As a result, the Stubenbergs dominated the history of Höflein for a long time.
As numerous finds in the area (Maiersdorf, Stollhof, am Hausstein near Grünbach) and, above all, the gold discovery made by Rothengrub in the previous century prove, Höflein was already populated in prehistory.
In the time around 15 BC The "New World" and the area of the Hohe Wand belonged to the Celtic kingdom of Noricum . With the conquest of the kingdom by the Roman Empire , Höflein also came under Roman rule. The Romans used existing paths for their own purposes, such as the old iron and salt road that ran past the site. It was a junction of the Blätterstrasse and, like two other Roman roads, led through our home area.
Not much is known from the time of the Great Migration. However, Avars and Slavs are likely to have settled in Höflein, which is documented by many finds in the area.
After the destruction of the Avar Empire by Charlemagne, border marks were created for protection. Höflein became part of the County of Pitten , which in turn was part of Carantania . Although the name "Mark" is not documented, it was generally referred to as "Püttner Mark" or "Waldmark" and was part of the county of Pitten. In 970 this and with it Höflein came to the Karantanische or Carinthian Mark . After the rule of the Wels-Lambachers and Formbach-Neuburger , the county of Pitten including Höflein was inherited in 1158 by the margraves of Styria .
During this time many castles were built or stood in this area ( Starhemberg , Emmerberg , Stixenstein , Dachenstein , Schrattenstein , Wulfingstein , Rothengrub and others). There was also a small castle complex in Höflein, which, however, had fallen apart again towards the end of the Middle Ages. The area coincides with the location of house no. 14. In the basement there are still massive rock walls (wall thickness around 1.5 meters) that point to the former castle.
In 1192 the Duchy of Styria and the area of Höflein came to the Dukes of Babenberg . After their extinction in 1246, the Bohemian King Ottokar briefly occupied the Austrian hereditary lands. The aforementioned first mention of Höflein in a document (1249) dates from this time. In other documents a Pilgrimo de Hoflinge , a Pillgrimi de Hoflin , an Ulrich von Hoflin and a Bernhart of the vrenower min purcraf ze hoflein are mentioned.
With the defeat of Ottokar by Rudolf von Habsburg in 1278, the rule of the Habsburgs, which lasted until 1918, began in what is now Lower Austria . The numerous documents (in the Provincial Archives for Styria) bear witness to the predominance of the Stubenberg family in Höflein. In 1311 Heinrich von Stubenberg sold his “triwen servant” Walthern von Willendorf the Aichberg, which was located near Höflein. The accompanying document also attests to Gerhart Fronauer, the Stubenberg burgrave of Höflein. Shortly afterwards Höflein came under the feudal sovereignty of the Burgraves of Nuremberg (possibly in connection with the Battle of Ampfing ) . In 1320, on St. Gallus Day (October 16), Burgrave Friedrich von Nürnberg enfeoffed Wulfing von Stubenberg with the Veste Hoflin, the fief of his uncle Heinrich, who died in 1315. In 1347 Ulrich von Stubenberg took over the rule in Höflein, which was now called "z dem Höflin". In the document from 1362 the current name for Höflein, Nider-Höflein, is mentioned. In 1372 an Alher von nider hoflein is mentioned and in 1382 Hermann Putsch sells 60 pfennings of money on his farm in Niederheflein to Wulfing von Stubenberg. When the estate was divided between the three Stubenberg brothers in 1387, Ulrich von Stubenberg received the festivals with all the goods belonging to them. In the certificate there is also a list of names of the residents of Höflein for the first time.
In the 14th century, knightly people can be found in Höflein who occasionally took fiefs from the Stubenbergs. Other lordships and parishes are also likely to have had subjects in Höflein in the 14th century (Stixenstein lordship, St. Lorenzen parish).
In 1415, during the Council of Constance , the then Burgrave of Nuremberg was enfeoffed with the Margraviate of Brandenburg and Höflein was therefore now a Brandenburg fief. In 1418 "Hoflin under the Zerwant" ( Zerwant is the former name of the Hohe Wand) is mentioned. The Brandenburgers passed Höflein on to the Stubenbergers until 1446. The numerous feuds of the nobility of the 15th century soon made themselves felt in our country too.
1473 was the fief of Emperor Friedrich III. drafted and united with Haßbach , but lent to Wolfgang Marhainer in 1493. At the Reichstag in Augsburg, Höflein was given back to the Margrave of Brandenburg and in 1495 left to the Lords of Seebenstein , Georg and Koloman von Königsberg for a payment of 540 guilders.
Until 1656 Höflein remained under the rule of the Königsbergers .
Wolfgang Matthäus, the last male offspring of the Königsberg family, received Höflein as a fief in 1631 from the Margraves of Brandenburg. However, he forfeited it by collecting taxes but not paying them. Thus it was withdrawn from him by the Lower Austrian countryside and since both lords were not replaced, it was sold to the "woledlen and strict Mr. Carl Pergen", to which the feudal lords agreed, especially since the new owner compensated them for any damage they had suffered. He became the new master of Höflein. During this time the plague raged particularly badly. Only six people are said to have survived this period and a plague cemetery was created in Oberhöflein.
Höflein was also affected by the second Turkish siege of Vienna in 1683, if only marginally. The enemies looted, set fire to houses, and abused and kidnapped residents. The Veste Rothengrub was the place of refuge for our residents during this time. So there was no longer any defensibility in the Höfleiner castle, as it did not appear as a "refuge-site", whereas Dachenstein, Emmerberg and Rothengrub were mentioned.
After Höflein had suffered badly from the plague and the Turks , people finally hoped for peace. But the peace did not last long. In 1702 Hungarian rebels, the Kuruzen , invaded Lower Austria and marched across our area, murdering and plundering. It was not until these were expelled that a century of peace finally followed.
Under Emperor Joseph II (son of Maria Theresa), his church reform led to a reorganization of the parish. The previous parish church, the Thomaskirche in Willendorf , was desecrated in 1783 and converted into a parsonage. The larger pilgrimage church Maria Kirchbüchl was moved to the new parish church and the cemetery was moved to the Kirchbüchl. Under Emperor Joseph II. Also took place from 1772 to 1782, the first land survey of Austria and therefore also of our area. This can be viewed in the Austrian National Library or in the Austrian War Archives.
The Höflein area was badly hit by the coalition wars at the beginning of the 19th century. The residents suffered from the looting, arson and mistreatment.
Under Emperor Franz I, cadastral plans were drawn up by the communities. The residents of the districts Unterhöflein, Oberhöflein and Zweiersdorf as well as the individual parcels of land (status 1821) are listed in detail in the associated folders. The plans and the list are currently in progress and can be viewed in the municipal office.
In 1825 the Pergen sold their property to Prince Johann von Liechtenstein (Liechtenstein Castle near Maria Enzersdorf) and Höflein got a new owner.
Between 1830 and 1845 Schweickhardt von Sickingen wrote a perspective map of the Archduchy of Austria under the Enns. A reproduction can be viewed in the municipal office.
In 1862, the Reichsgemeindegesetz allowed municipalities to elect mayors. From 1865 all mayors of the municipality of Höflein can be officially verified (from 1865 to 1867 Simon Schneidhofer). Pictures of the individual mayors of Höflein hang in the municipality's meeting room.
In 1880 the local community Höflein already consisted of 89 houses with 485 inhabitants, in 1890 94 houses with 545 inhabitants, although in 1866 and 1873 Höflein was ravaged by cholera.
Höflein owes this boom in the middle of the 19th century to coal mining . After hard coal had already been mined in Grünbach, Paul Lupat and Michael Fenzl began to develop the Magdalenen mine field in Oberhöflein in 1833. A connection to the gallery in Grünbach was established through the Erbstollen in Unterhöflein.
With the construction of the Schneebergbahn and the opening of the rack railway in 1897, the area of the Hohe Wand and the Schneeberg was further developed. The railroad was not only useful for tourism, but also for transporting coal. In 1900 a briquette factory was built on the Erbstollen . Since most of the briquettes disintegrated again when they were loaded onto the railway wagons, the factory was never really important. On July 1, 1919, the Höflein mine fields and operating facilities were sold by the Grünbacher Steinkohlenwerk and after a short-term continuation in 1925, the production stopped.
While Höflein was not in the direct front line during the First World War, the community was hit particularly hard towards the end of the Second World War. The municipality of Höflein had already been dissolved during the war and incorporated into the "Mayor's Office Grünbach-Höflein-Schrattenbach".
In April 1945 there was heavy fighting between the Germans and Russians. The losses in the municipality are given as 50 Russians and 70 dead in the German Wehrmacht and there were eight civilian deaths. Due to the surrender of the German troops on May 8, 1945, there was no further fighting. The Soviet occupation troops and, after the end of the war, the Soviet military police remained stationed in Unterhöflein until the end of 1946.
In May 1945, Anton Tressl was appointed provisional mayor by the Russians. In July, Franz Tressl was elected mayor at the first provisional municipal council meeting.
The coal shortage after the Second World War led to efforts to revive mining in Höflein. After several owners of the pit dimensions had alternated since 1951, the "Hohe-Wand-Steinkohle Bergbauges" was established on January 1st, 1957. m. b. H. “founded. After the Grünbach hard coal works closed in 1965, Höflein remained in the possession of the only hard coal works in Austria for two years until its own closure in 1967. In 1976, equipment from the Oberhöflein hard coal mine was used to simulate more valuable cargo when the sea freighter Lucona was fraudulently sunk .
In 1970 the municipalities were amalgamated with Grünbach before Höflein became an independent municipality again in 1991. The community center was opened in 1993 and in 1996 Höflein got its own coat of arms. In 1999 the community celebrated its 750th anniversary.
coat of arms
Official coat of arms description: In its meeting on June 25, 1996, the Lower Austrian provincial government granted the municipality of Höflein an der Hohe Wand the right to use the municipal coat of arms described and drawn in below, "in recognition and appreciation of the continuous improvement of the municipal facilities in recent decades":
Blazon : "In silver under a blue shield head a blue heraldic lily, in the shield base a green hill with a silver mining symbol, mallet and iron."
The colors of the municipal flag derived from this municipal coat of arms are "blue-white-green".
Population development
religion
According to the 2001 census data , 82.4% of the population are Roman Catholic and 2.2% Protestant . 0.1% belong to Orthodox churches . 13.0% of the population have no religious denomination.
politics
The municipal council has 15 members.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 1990, the municipal council had the following distribution: 9 SPÖ, 3 ÖVP, and 3 non-partisan list Höflein-Zweiersdorf. (?)
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 1995, the municipal council had the following distribution: 9 SPÖ, 3 non-partisan list Höflein-Zweiersdorf, and 3 ÖVP.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2000, the municipal council had the following distribution: 10 SPÖ and 5 ÖVP.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2005 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 10 SPÖ and 5 ÖVP.
- With the municipal elections in Lower Austria in 2010 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 10 SPÖ and 5 ÖVP.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria 2015 , the municipal council has the following distribution: 8 SPÖ, 6 ÖVP, and 1 Independent List Peter Groß.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria 2020 , the municipal council has the following distribution: 9 SPÖ and 6 ÖVP.
- mayor
- 1991-2016 Günther Stickler (SPÖ)
- since 2016 Harald Ponweiser (SPÖ)
Culture and sights
- Catholic parish and pilgrimage church Unterhöflein of the Birth of Mary
economy
In 2001 there were 43 non-agricultural workplaces, and according to the 1999 survey there were 36 in agricultural and forestry operations. According to the 2001 census, the number of people in employment at the place of residence was 372. In 2001, the employment rate was 49.03 percent.
Web links
- Homepage of the community
- 31849 - Höflein on the Hohe Wand. Community data, Statistics Austria .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
- ^ Result of the local council election 1995 in Höflein an der Hohen Wand. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 30, 2000, accessed on September 27, 2019 .
- ^ Election result of the municipal council election 2000 in Höflein an der Hohen Wand. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, February 4, 2005, accessed on September 27, 2019 .
- ↑ Results of the local council election 2005 in Höflein an der Hohen Wand. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 4, 2005, accessed on September 27, 2019 .
- ^ Election result of the local council election 2010 in Höflein an der Hohen Wand. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, October 8, 2010, accessed on September 27, 2019 .
- ^ Election results for the 2015 municipal council election in Höflein an der Hohen Wand. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, December 1, 2015, accessed on September 27, 2019 .
- ↑ Results of the 2020 municipal council elections in Höflein an der Hohen Wand. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, January 26, 2020, accessed on January 26, 2020 .
- ↑ Change of mayor in Höflein Association of Social Democratic Community Representatives in Lower Austria, May 12, 2016
- ↑ Ponweiser new mayor of Höflein NÖN Neunkirchen, May 10, 2016
Altendorf | Aspang Market | Aspangberg-St. Peter | Breitenau | Breitenstein | Buchbach | Bürg-Vöstenhof | Edlitz | Enzenreith | Feistritz am Wechsel | Gloggnitz | Grafenbach-St. Valentin | Grimmenstein | Grünbach am Schneeberg | Höflein on the Hohe Wand | Kirchberg am Wechsel | Mönichkirchen | Natschbach-Loipersbach | Neunkirchen | Otterthal | Payerbach | Pitten | Prigglitz | Puchberg am Schneeberg | Raach am Hochgebirge | Reichenau an der Rax | Scheiblingkirchen-Thernberg | Schottwien | Schrattenbach | Schwarzau am Steinfeld | Schwarzau in the mountains | Seebenstein | Semmering | St. Corona am Wechsel | St. Egyden am Steinfeld | Ternitz | Thomasberg | Trattenbach | Warth | Wartmannstetten | Willendorf | Wimpassing in the Black Valley | Cube | Rumble
Cadastral communities: Oberhöflein | Unterhöflein | Zweiersdorf
Locations: Oberhöflein | Unterhöflein | Zweiersdorf
Villages: Oberhöflein | Unterhöflein | Zweiersdorf settlement: Rotte miners' settlement: Greith Scattered houses: Hohe Wand
Counting district: Höflein adHohen Wand