Runowo (Potęgowo)
Runowo | ||
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Basic data | ||
State : | Poland | |
Voivodeship : | Pomerania | |
Powiat : | Slupsk | |
Gmina : | Potęgowo | |
Geographic location : | 54 ° 28 ' N , 17 ° 33' E | |
Residents : | 130 | |
Postal code : | 76-230 | |
Telephone code : | (+48) 59 | |
License plate : | GSL | |
Economy and Transport | ||
Street : | State road 6 Szczecin - Gdansk | |
Rail route : |
PKP line 202: Danzig – Stargard (train station: Potęgowo ) |
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Next international airport : | Danzig |
Runowo (German Groß Runow , Kashubian Rënowò , also Rënawò ) is a village in the north of the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and belongs to the rural community Potęgowo ( Pottangow ) in the powiat Słupski ( Stolp district ).
Geographical location and transport links
Runowo is located in Western Pomerania , about 37 kilometers east of Słupsk ( Stolp ) and 16 kilometers west-southwest of Lębork ( Lauenburg in Pomerania ) not far from the Polish state road 6 (today also Europastraße 28 , formerly German Reichsstraße 2 ), which runs from Stettin to Gdansk and above leads out. The nearest train station is Potęgowo ( Pottangow ), seven kilometers away, on the Danzig – Stargard state railway . The old manor village is idyllically situated on a forest lake, whose shady beach attracts numerous day-trippers then as now.
Place name
In German, Groß Runow differs from Klein Runow , which is on the opposite side of the western border of the Powiat Słupski (before 1945 in the Schlawe district ) and in Polish bears the name Runowo Sławieńskie . The place name Runowo can be found more frequently in Poland.
history
Runow was first mentioned as such in 1379. As early as 1421 he was a Grumbkow fief. The Brandenburg State Minister Joachim Ernst von Grumbkow founded a monastery in Groß Runow for twelve poor maidens, four of whom were noble and eight of the middle class.
To 1784 there were in the United Runow a Vorwerk , six farmers, six Kossäten , a blacksmith, a schoolmaster, (called "Novienne") on the Feldmark a water mill and a Holzwärterei and a total of 26 households.
Through the marriage of Ernst Friedrich Otto von Bonin with Sophie von Podewils , Groß Runow came into the hands of the von Bonin family in 1790 with the main estate Lupow (now Polish: Łupawa) and eleven other estates in the Stolp district . In 1827 Otto von Bonin inherited Groß Runow and in 1829 Vangerske (1938–45 Wiesenberg , now Polish: Węgierskie). In 1931 the last majorate, Ernst von Bonin , died and the majorate passed to the House of Bartin (Barcino) der Puttkamer . The 1,600 hectare manor Groß Runow was relocated.
Wiesenberg (Vangerske) was last incorporated by Groß Runow. Vangerske was owned by Kaspar Zitzewitz around 1520 . The Grumbkow family had lived there since 1652. Around 1784 there was a farm in Vangerske, a water mill, four farmers, two cottages, an inn and a total of ten households. In 1940 the estate was sold to Achim von Zitzewitz, who then lived there with his family.
In 1939 there were 490 inhabitants on the 2,189 hectare parish of Groß Runow. Until 1945 the rural community Groß Runow belonged to a total of five localities:
- Eduardshof (Vorwerk, 65 hectares)
- Forester's lodge Rovienne
- Great Runow
- Great Runower Mill
- Vangerske (1938–45 Wiesenberg , Węgierskie).
United Runow belonged to the county Stolp in Administrative district Köslin of Pomerania and was in office - registry office - and Gendarmerie District Long evil (today Polish: Pogorzelice). District court district was Lauenburg in Pomerania (Lębork).
Towards the end of the Second World War , Groß Runow was occupied by the Red Army on March 9, 1945 without a fight . Only a few villagers had previously managed to escape by ship across the Baltic Sea via Danzig . After the end of the war, Groß Runow was placed under Polish administration together with all of Western Pomerania . The estate was temporarily administered by Soviet troops. In the summer of 1945, Poland initially took over the remote houses and farms. The German villagers were partially expelled in 1945 . From 1950 on there was a German school for children from families in and around Groß Runow who had stayed there.
Later, 299 villagers from Groß Runow were identified in the Federal Republic of Germany and 93 in the GDR .
The village is now a district of Gmina Potęgowo in the powiat Słupski in the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1975-98 Slupsk Voivodeship ).
church
Village church
In 1688 a church was built in Groß Runow. Around 1777 the chapel came out of use because it had become dilapidated. Mrs. von Bonin had a new chapel built around 1800, which was decorated with the coats of arms of the Grumbkow and Bonin families .
Parish
Before 1945, all residents of Groß Runow were of Protestant denomination. The place was a branch in the parish of Schurow (today Polish: Skórowo) in the church district of Stolp-Altstadt in the eastern district of the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .
Since 1945 most of the residents of Runowo have been Catholic . The place belongs to the parish Skórowo ( Schurow ) in the deanery Główczyce in the diocese of Pelplin of the Catholic Church in Poland .
Protestant church members living here live in the catchment area of the Kreuzkirche parish in Słupsk in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
school
A school already existed in Groß Runow around 1800. Before 1945 it was outside the village on Mühlenbach. At that time the school had two levels with two classes, a teacher and, most recently, 34 school children.
literature
- Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, pp. 546–549 ( description of the place Groß Runow ; PDF)
- Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, p. 999, no. 116 , p. 1009, no. 143 and pp. 980-983, no. 83.
- Ernst Müller: The Protestant clergy in Pomerania from the Reformation to the present . Part 2, Stettin 1912.
- Hans Glaser-Swantow: The Evangelical Pomerania . Part 2, Stettin 1940.
Web links
- Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association: The community of Groß Runow in the former Stolp district. (2011)
Individual evidence
- ^ The community of Groß Runow in the former Stolp district (Gunthard Stübs and Pommersche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 2011)
- ^ Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, p. 549 ( Description of the place Groß Runow ; PDF)