Wladyslaw Bartoszewski

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Władysław Bartoszewski (2006)

Władysław Bartoszewski ( [vwaˈdɨswaf bartɔˈʃɛfskʲi] listen ? / I ; born February 19, 1922 in Warsaw ; † April 24, 2015 ibid) was a Polish historian , publicist and politician . Audio file / audio sample

Life

During the Second World War he joined the resistance against the German occupation of Poland . In September 1940 he was deported to Auschwitz concentration camp as a prisoner with the number 4427 and released seriously ill in April 1941. Jan Karski introduced him to Zofia Kossak in 1942 . He then became a leading activist in the Żegota committee founded by Kossak , a Christian-Jewish community association that saved around 75,000 Jews. In 1944 he took part in the Warsaw Uprising .

After the war, Bartoszewski which closed the Polish People's Party (Polish People's Party, PSL) to which only legal opposition party against the domination of the then Stalinist oriented Communists . From the beginning of 1946 he worked for a short time as a journalist for the PSL party newspaper Gazeta Ludowa , but was targeted by the Polish State Security and spent a total of six years in prison from November 1946 to April 1948 and from December 1949 to August 1954. In 1955 he was rehabilitated and was able to work as a historian and publicist.

He studied Polish studies , between 1941 and 1944 at the Tajny Uniwersytet Warszawski , which worked underground, and after the war before the arrest and after the release between 1958 and 1962 at the University of Warsaw .

Bartoszewski wrote several historical works that dealt with the Poles' reaction to the Holocaust .

Władysław Bartoszewski (right) with Federal President Richard von Weizsäcker (1986)
Bartoszewski at a book presentation

In 1980 Bartoszewski became involved in the Solidarność trade union . After martial law was imposed , he was arrested again in 1981. Thanks to the help of a family friend, he was rescued. In the years that followed, Bartoszewski was visiting professor at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich , KU Eichstätt and the University of Augsburg . From 1990 to 1995 he was the Polish Ambassador to Vienna , appointed by President Lech Wałęsa . In 1995 he took over the post of Foreign Minister in the government of Józef Oleksy , but resigned when Aleksander Kwaśniewski was elected President. From June 2000 to September 2001 he was again Poland’s Foreign Minister, this time in the government of Jerzy Buzek .

In 2003 Bartoszewski was the patron of the XI. Forum of the Else-Lasker-Schüler-Gesellschaft in Wroclaw, with which a German literary society presented itself in Poland for the first time in order to promote the idea of ​​a center for persecuted arts , a "contemporary form of remembrance work", according to Wladyslaw Bartoszewski. He considered this form of a “center” to be “politically correct and necessary”. He had offered to give the opening speech if it was realized. The Center for Persecuted Arts has existed since the beginning of 2015 in the building of the Solingen Art Museum .

On January 27, 2005, on January 27, 2005, on the 60th anniversary of the liberation of the Auschwitz concentration camp, Bartoszewski gave a highly acclaimed speech during the commemorative event there.

In the 2007 parliamentary election campaign , Bartoszewski took a stand for the opposition civic platform PO . During an election campaign appearance , he gave a speech in which he accused the ruling PiS party of destroying Poland's reputation in the world, and he also accused the diplomats appointed by the government of being “amateur diplomats”. He emphasized that he was now 85 years old and wanted to die in a free Poland. This speech became known beyond the borders of Poland. From November 2007 he was State Secretary and Foreign Policy Advisor to Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk . Bartoszewski should take special care of Polish-German and Polish-Jewish relations. In this function he was very critical of the planned center against displacement in Berlin . A dialogue with the Germans about history will be sought, said Bartoszewski shortly after his appointment.

Władysław Bartoszewski (2007)

In an interview for Gazeta Wyborcza on August 13, 2009, he said at the end:

"If someone had told me, 60 years ago, when I was crouching in the roll call area of ​​the Auschwitz concentration camp, that I would have Germans, citizens of a democratic and friendly country, as friends, I would have taken them for a fool."

From 2009, Bartoszewski was also the patron of GFPS Polska, the Polish partner association of the GFPS - community for student exchanges in Central and Eastern Europe , which promotes understanding between Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic and Belarus through exchange programs and other events. He was also a member of the international award committee of the Adalbert Foundation .

Bartoszewski remained active despite his old age. On April 19, 2015, he gave a speech on the 72nd anniversary of the uprising in the Warsaw ghetto . On the day of his death, 93-year-old Bartoszewski wrote the text of his speech at the German-Polish government meeting in the morning, and he died that afternoon. He was buried on May 4, 2015 in the Powązki military cemetery (in Polish : Cmentarz Wojskowy na Powązkach ) in the presence of Presidents Joachim Gauck and Bronisław Komorowski .

Publications (selection)

Bartoszewski published over 40 books and 1200 articles in different languages. The subjects of his works are mostly the Second World War and the Holocaust ; he also wrote frequently about relations between Poles, Jews and Germans. The following list has been limited to the first publication date and title, a detailed list can be found in the Polish Wikipedia entry.

Bartoszewski in Budapest (2013)

Fonts - Polish

  • 1962 Konspiracyjne Varsaviana poetyckie 1939–1944: zarys informacyjny
  • 1966 Organizacja małego sabotażu "Wawer" w Warszawie (1940–1944)
  • 1967 Ten jest z Ojczyzny mojej. Polacy z pomocą Żydom 1939–1945 (with Zofia Lewinówna)
  • 1967 Warszawski pierścień śmierci 1939–1944
  • 1970 Kronika wydarzeń w Warszawie 1939–1949 (with Bogdan Brzeziński and Leszek Moczulski )
  • 1974 Ludność cywilna w Powstaniu Warszawskim. Prasa, druki ulotne i inne publikacje powstańcze I – III
  • 1974 1859 dni Warszawy (with Aleksander Gieysztor )
  • 1979 Polskie Państwo Podziemne
  • 1983 Los Żydów Warszawy 1939–1943. W czterdziestą rocznicę powstania w getcie warszawskim
  • 1984 Jesień nadziei: warto być przyzwoitym
  • 1984 Dni walczącej stolicy. Kronika Powstania Warszawskiego
  • 1985 Metody i Praktyki Bezpieki w pierwszym dziesięcioleciu PRL (under the pseudonym Jan Kowalski )
  • 1986 Syndykat zbrodni (under the pseudonym "ZZZ")
  • 1987 Na drodze do niepodległości
  • 1988 Warto być przyzwoitym. Szkic do pamiętnika
  • 1990 Warto być przyzwoitym. Teksty osobiste i nieosobiste
  • 2001 Ponad podziałami. Wybrane przemówienia i wywiady - lipiec-grudzień 2000
  • 2001 Wspólna europejska odpowiedzialność. Wybrane przemówienia i wywiady, styczeń – lipiec 2001
  • 2005 Moja Jerozolima, mój Izrael. Władysław Bartoszewski w rozmowie z Joanną Szwedowską (with Andrzej Paczkowski )
  • 2006 Władysław Bartoszewski: wywiad-rzeka (with Michał Komar )
  • 2006 Dziennik z internowania. Jaworze December 15, 1981 to April 19, 1982
  • 2010 O Niemcach i Polakach. Wspomnienia. Prognozy. Nadzieje (lit .: About Germans and Poles. Memories. Forecasts. Hopes), ISBN 978-83-08-04422-3
  • 2010 I była dzielnica żydowska w Warszawie (lit .: It was a Jewish quarter in Warsaw; with Marek Edelman )

Fonts in German translation

  • 1967 The Polish underground press from 1939 to 1945
  • 1969 The death ring around Warsaw 1939–1944 . Arranged: Wanda Symonowicz u. Halina Zawadzka.
  • 1983 The Warsaw Ghetto as it really was. Testimony from a Christian . With e. Introduction by Stanisław Lem u. Photo documents, ISBN 978-3-596-30412-7
  • 1983 Fall of Hope: It Pays to Be Decent. With e. Nachw. Ed. by Reinhold Lehmann
  • 1986 Learn from history? Essays and speeches on the war and post-war history of Poland. Preface by Stanisław Lem . From d. Polish. by Nina Kozlowski u. Jens Reuter.
  • 1987 We are united by shed blood. Jews and Poles in the Time of the Final Solution . Red., Ed. And Translated by Nina Kozlowski (first 1970)
  • 1990 Poles and Jews during the "Final Solution"
  • 1995 It Pays to Be Decent , ISBN 978-3-451-04449-6
  • 2000 No peace without freedom. A contemporary witness at the end of the century. With a foreword by Hans Koschnick . From the polish. trans. by Nina Kozlowski, ISBN 978-3-789-06936-9
  • 2002 German-Polish relations - yesterday, today and tomorrow. Foreword by Gerhard von Graevenitz.
  • 2005 And tear the hatred out of our souls , ISBN 978-838-665318-8
  • 2015 Mein Auschwitz , Schöningh Verlag, ISBN 978-3-506-78119-2

Awards and honors (selection)

Web links

Commons : Władysław Bartoszewski  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. ↑ bbc.co.uk : Cash crisis threat to Auschwitz. January 26, 2009 (accessed December 21, 2009)
  2. ↑ Rafał Wnuk: The "Columbus Generation". Reflections on a collective biography. In: The Polish Home Army: History and Myth of the Armia Krajowa since World War II. Oldenbourg, Munich 2003, p. 783.
  3. ^ Bernhard Vogel : Laudation - Awarding of the Kaiser Otto Prize 2009 to Władysław Bartoszewski. Magdeburg, May 7, 2009.
  4. ^ Władysław Bartoszewski . Europejska Akademia Dyplomacji. Archived from the original on February 19, 2014. Retrieved February 25, 2014.
  5. ↑ haGalil onLine 28-01-2005
  6. ^ Text of Bartoszewski's speech, p. 156 f. (English)
  7. ↑ Archive link ( Memento from January 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ^ Adalbert Foundation
  9. ↑ DER SPIEGEL May 2, 2015 p. 143
  10. ↑ knerger.de: The grave of Władysław Bartoszewski
  11. ↑ FAZ.net / Hans-Jürgen Döscher : Review (February 2, 2015)
  12. ↑ see here ( Memento from August 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  13. ^ Text of the acceptance speech by Bartoszewski and the laudation by Hans Maier (PDF file; 227 kB)
  14. ^ Władysław Bartoszewski: Representative of the Polish Prime Minister for international issues on the website of the Federal Foreign Office , seen on April 17, 2013.
  15. ↑ "The Polish-German relations belong to the world of miracles" , Wladyslaw Bartoszewski in conversation with Sabine Adler in an interview the week of Germany radio on April 14, 2013, seen on April 17, 2013.
  16. ↑ List of all decorations awarded by the Federal President for services to the Republic of Austria from 1952 (PDF file; 6.6 MB)
  17. ^ University of Augsburg: Honorary Citizens, Senators and Members of the University of Augsburg. Retrieved February 22, 2011.
  18. ^ Official website of the European Sinti and Roma Civil Rights Prize
  19. ↑ European Civil Rights Prize of the Sinti and Roma for Polish State Secretary Władisław Bartoszewski. Federal Foreign Office, December 17, 2008, accessed April 6, 2011 .
  20. ^ Adam Mickiewicz Prize 2008.
  21. ↑ Super User: 2008 - Deutsche Gesellschaft eV Accessed December 11, 2017 (German).
  22. ^ Intervention de François Fillon, lors de la remise des insignes de commandeur de la Légion d'honneur à Wladislaw Bartoszewski (ambassade de France à Varsovie) ( Memento of May 4, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
  23. ↑ press release. No. 137/2014. State Chancellery Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, July 18, 2014, accessed on November 20, 2015 .
  24. ^ Verein Weimarer Dreieck eV ( Memento from August 26, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Bartoszewski, Wladyslaw
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish historian, publicist and politician
DATE OF BIRTH February 19, 1922
PLACE OF BIRTH Warsaw
DATE OF DEATH April 24, 2015
Place of death Warsaw