Astano

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Astano
Astano coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of TicinoCanton of Ticino Ticino (TI)
District : Lugano districtw
Circle : Sessa district
BFS no. : 5146i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 6999
Coordinates : 706 712  /  96586 coordinates: 46 ° 0 '45 "  N , 8 ° 48' 59"  O ; CH1903:  seven hundred and six thousand seven hundred and twelve  /  96586
Height : 631  m above sea level M.
Height range : 444–1184 m above sea level M.
Area : 3.80  km²
Residents: 308 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 81 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners :
(residents without
citizenship ) 		11.9% (2,017)
Website: www.astano.ch
View of Astano with the church in the background

View of Astano with the church in the background
Location of the municipality
Lago Maggiore Lago Delio Lago di Piano Lago di Origlio Lago di Muzzano Luganersee Comer See Italien Italien Italien Kanton Graubünden Bezirk Bellinzona Bezirk Locarno Bezirk Mendrisio Agno TI Bioggio Cademario Muzzano TI Vernate TI Alto Malcantone Aranno Miglieglia Novaggio Capriasca Capriasca Origlio Ponte Capriasca Ponte Capriasca Kommunanz Capriasca/Lugano Collina d’Oro Grancia Melide TI Morcote Paradiso TI Vico Morcote Arogno Bissone Brusino Arsizio Maroggia Melano Rovio Lugano Caslano Curio TI Curio TI Magliaso Neggio Ponte Tresa TI Pura TI Astano Bedigliora Bedigliora Croglio Monteggio Sessa TI Curio TI Bedano Gravesano Manno TI Mezzovico-Vira Mezzovico-Vira Monteceneri Torricella-Taverne Cadempino Canobbio Comano TI Cureglia Lamone Massagno Porza Savosa Sorengo VeziaMap of Astano
About this picture
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Astano is a municipality in the Sessa district , in the Lugano district of the canton of Ticino in Switzerland . It is located in central Malcantone and is considered a climatic health resort.

geography

Astano is located between Lake Lugano and Lake Maggiore at around 630  m above sea level. M. located south-facing terrace at the foot of the water-rich Rogoria slope, below Monte Lemas , on the Swiss-Italian border . The highest point of the community is 1184  m above sea level. M. the Monte Rogoria (also called Monte Rogorio or Motto Croce ), the deepest is around 445  m above sea level. M. in the Lisora ​​Gorge , below the hamlet of La Costa. Astano borders the municipalities of Sessa , Novaggio , Dumenza as well as exclaves of the municipalities Curio (Bombinasco) and Bedigliora (Alpe di Monte, Prati di Campo). The municipal area covers an area of ​​3.8 km², of which 82.2% are forested and 8.9% are populated. Another 8.6% is used for agriculture. Astano is the starting point for numerous hiking trails through the Malcantone and, with the Laghetto, has a small lake where you can swim and fish.

history

The current community name goes back to the historical forms of the name “Stano” or “Astanum”. It is believed that these can be traced back to the Italian word "stagno", which means "pond" or "pond" in German and was the former name of today's Laghetto .

The Abbey of San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro from Pavia must have had possessions in Astano before 1244. From the 13th century there was a humiliate monastery in the place , which was united with the provost of Sant'Antonio of Lugano in 1272. It was abandoned in the second half of the 15th century, after which its ownership was transferred to the humiliate monastery of Santa Caterina in Lugano. The monks from Astano also had to move to Lugano at that time. In 1848 the Ticino government also abolished the monastery in Lugano.

After Astano had become an independent parish in 1612, the parish church of Santi Pietro e Paolo (called San Pietro ) was built in 1636–1654 . It was built on the fragments of a chapel that was first mentioned in 1444. In the 17th century the community was badly affected by the plague , which killed a considerable part of the population. To commemorate this time, a plague column was erected in the church's cemetery in 1687, which is still preserved today .

In the district of Erbagni , peat was cut commercially in the 19th century . This was refined into peat coke , first transported to Luino and then on to Milan by water. Today the former mining area is protected by the Federal Constitution as a raised bog of national importance . The Rive Sole area, right next to Erbagni, was cleared and drained by interned Polish soldiers during the Second World War .

Tourism began to develop in Malcantone at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The German Rudolf Fastenrath played an important role in this. He opened a tourist office in Magliaso and made Ticino known in German-speaking countries with richly illustrated tourist publications. Many of the photographs contained therein show village scenes from Astano and are today considered to be important historical sources. The recordings were made almost exclusively by Eugen Schmidhauser, a native of Aargau and a colleague of Fastenrath, who took over the Hotel Albergo della Posta in Astano from his father-in-law in 1920 with his wife. From 1932 to 1949 he was mayor of Astano.

Like many Ticino border villages, Astano was also a place of transit for smugglers . Since primarily goods were smuggled from Switzerland to Italy up to the early 1940s, the Italian state established an extensive border barrier on its territory from the 1890s, which is popularly known as “la Ramina”. At Astano it ran around 100 meters beyond the actual border and consisted of four two-meter-high barbed wire fences drawn one behind the other , which were connected with wire spirals with small bells. The footpath to Dumenza was secured with a gate and a guardhouse. The remains of the border barrier can still be seen today.

At times gold was mined in the community. First attempts to operate a commercial gold mine failed in the 19th century. In 1937, the Astano gold mines were resumed by Costano AG . The facilities and tunnels were significantly expanded and expanded. From the Second World War, however, the operation was only severely restricted and irregularly maintained and finally stopped in 1961. The closed entrance to the “Alle Bolle” tunnel and an associated company building are still in ruins and are located around 300 meters southwest of today's camping site al Parco d'Oro . Another, somewhat larger tunnel of the previous company is located in the hamlet of La Costa in the area of ​​the municipality of Sessa and is accessible as part of touristic tours.

In 2004, the residents of Astano, Bedigliora, Curio, Miglieglia and Novaggio who were eligible to vote refused to join forces to form the new municipality of Medio Malcantone with 56.5 percent no votes .

population

Population development
year 1600 1800 1850 1900 1902 1950 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2015 2017 2018
Residents 269 356 395 384 461 258 234 209 241 290 291 308 303 308

politics

The municipal assembly (Assemblea comunale) forms the legislature of the political municipality of Astano. The municipal executive consists of the municipality council (Municipio) and the municipality president (Sindaco). The mayor is currently (as of 2019) Brigitte Cella. Local councilors are Giorgio Rezzonico, Rainero Spinelli, Erica Waitoller-Lepori and Martino Molinari.

In addition to the political community exist in Astano a community of citizens (Patriziato di Astano) under the presidency of Antonello Airaghi and a Roman Catholic church (Parrocchia dei Santi Pietro e Paolo).

In the elections for the Ticino Cantonal Council on April 7, 2019, 19.3% of the participants from Astano voted for the Lega , 15.1% for the SP , 10.9% for the FDP , 10.9% for the Greens , and 8.4% for the SVP , 2.5% the CVP , 1.7% the GLP and 5.9% other, smaller parties. The remaining 25.2% opted for the so-called “Scheda senza intestazione”, an electoral list without party affiliation .

economy

The vast majority of the working population of Astano work outside the municipality - especially in Lugano and the surrounding area. In Astano itself, tourism and gastronomy are the most important employers. In addition to two campsites, a bathing establishment and the associated infrastructures, Astano also has the Osteria Mena , the Ristorante Elvezia with its own bocce court and the Hotel Albergo della, which has existed since the 18th century Posta , which is a member of Swiss Historic Hotels . In addition, several private individuals offer bed and breakfast . In addition, various other smaller businesses are located in the village, including a hairdresser and a painter's shop. The supply of postal services is ensured by a postal agency in the parish hall. Viticulture is also practiced to a limited extent in Astano. In this context, there is a small, cooperative-operated distillery in the village that produces grappa , among other things .

traffic

Astano can be reached on the road either via Magliaso , Pura and Novaggio or via Sessa. The 17-kilometer drive from Lugano to Astano takes about half an hour by car. From the Lugano-Agno airport , the journey takes about 20 minutes. An originally planned road that was to lead from Astano to Dumenza in Italy ends at the state border and was never completed on the Italian side because of the steep terrain. With the Postbus course 426 from Novaggio via Astano to Sessa, the village is connected to public transport . The journey from Lugano to Astano by public transport includes two changes in Magliaso and Novaggio.

Attractions

The village image is classified in the inventory of protected sites in Switzerland (ISOS) as a site of national importance in Switzerland.

The parish church of San Pietro from 1654 thrones east over the edge of the village. It is surrounded by the Via Crucis , a chapel wreath from the years 1806-1815. In front of the church portal is an ossuary built in 1721 with a portico supported by Tuscan columns and frescoes from the second half of the 18th century.

The historical center of Astano with well-preserved alleyways has the shape of a clustered village. On the facade of the Hotel Albergo della Posta , a stucco-framed fresco of Our Lady of the year 1767 has been preserved. The three-storey Convento vecchio residential building is also located in the old village center . The building, which dates back to the 17th century, has a polygonal inner courtyard with loggias . The four-storey house Ca 'da Roma , dating from the same century, is primarily known for its three-part column loggias. Other houses worth seeing are the Casa Antonietti from the early 16th century with its arcades on the ground floor and the colonnades on the upper floors, the Villa Demarchi from 1892 on the western edge of the village, and another house on the northern edge of the village from the 19th century, the Doctors House is called. Anselmo Trezzini provided it with pseudo-architecture and floral motifs.

The chapel of Sant'Antonio Abate is one of the remains of the former humiliate monastery from the 13th century . The wall painting by Pietro Lozzio in the choir shows the titular Saint Anthony the Great . The Sant'Agata chapel is located near the hamlet of La Costa . It also has several partially decorated frescoes.

On the northern edge of the village, between the chapel of Sant'Antonio Abate and the forest, there is the partially preserved historic residential tower Casaforte di Astano . Since there is no documented mention, the background to the development of the building is still largely in the dark.

From the two hills of Monte Rogoria ( 1184  m above sea level ) and Monte Clivio ( 739  m above sea level ) you have a good view of the surrounding area and Lake Maggiore. When the visibility is good, the Monte Rosa massif can also be seen. While the summit of Monte Rogoria is in Astano, that of Monte Clivio is around 250 meters to the northwest from the municipal boundary in Dumenza (Italy). On the way to the summit there is a paleolithic bowl stone with crosses and figures. Approximately in the middle between Monte Clivio and the center of the village of Astano is the small lake Laghetto . Also worth seeing is the Froda waterfall , which falls around 50 meters above the cantonal road at the municipal border with Bombinasco.

Culture

Personalities

One of the well-known personalities from Astano is the architect Domenico Trezzini , born in 1670 , who at the beginning of the 18th century directed the construction of the city ​​of Saint Petersburg commissioned by the Russian Tsar Peter the Great .

photos

  • Parish church of Santi Pietro e Paolo with ossuary in foreground

  • The Albergo della Posta hotel

  • The Ca 'da Roma house

  • Oratory of Sant'Antonio Abate

  • The chapel of Sant'Agata

  • Piazza San Pietroburgo

  • The laghetto

  • Monte Rogoria

literature

  • Teodoro Amadò: Appunti su Astano: momenti ed aspetti di un villaggio malcantonese. Part 1, In: Almanacco Malcantonese e Valle del Vedeggio. Edizioni Bernasconi, Agno 2001, pp. 72-78; Idem: Appunti su Astano. Part 2, in: Almanacco Malcantonese e Valle del Vedeggio. Edizioni Bernasconi, Agno 2003, pp. 72-85; Idem: Astano. Gli edifici sacri. In: Almanacco Malcantonese e Valle del Vedeggio. Edizioni Bernasconi, Agno 2002, pp. 68-76.
  • Virgilio Chiesa : Astano. In: Lineamenti storici del Malcantone. Tipografia Gaggini-Bizzozero, Lugano 1961.
  • Bernardino Croci Maspoli: Astano. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . June 5, 2014 , accessed December 30, 2019 .
  • Raimondo Locatelli: Speciale Astano. In: Rivista di Lugano. September 20, 2002.
  • Simona Martinoli u. a .: Astano. In: Guida d'arte della Svizzera italiana. Edizioni Casagrande, Bellinzona 2007
  • Antonio Portugal de Faria: Note per la storia della Famiglia De Marchi e del Comune di Astano sua patria. Tipografia di R. Giusti, Livorno 1899.
  • Giovanni Maria Staffieri : Astano. In: Malcantone. Testimonianze culturali nei comuni malcantonesi. Lugano-Agno, 1985, pp. 41, 56-59.
  • Celestino Trezzini : Astano. In: Historisch-Biographisches Lexikon der Schweiz , Volume 1, Ardutius - Basel Attinger, Neuchâtel 1921, p. 460 ( digitized version ).
  • Santino Trezzini: Cronistoria di Astano. Consiglio Parrocchiale Astano, Astano 2010.

Web links

Commons : Astano  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
  2. ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office : Key Figures. Regional portraits 2019: municipalities . Neuchâtel 2019, p. 171.
  3. ↑ Helmut Fritz Etter: The Malcantone. A contribution to the geography of the Sottoceneri. In: Geographica Helvetica. Volume 18, 1963, ( digitalisat ), pp. 128, 189-191.
  4. ^ A b Esther Scheidegger Zbinden: Emigrants and newcomers. They shaped the Malcantone . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , March 22, 2001, p. 77.
  5. ↑ a b Celestino Trezzini: Astano. In: Historisch-Biographisches Lexikon der Schweiz, Volume 1, A - Basel. Neuchâtel 1921, p. 460.
  6. ^ Teodoro Amadò: Appunti su Astano. Part 2, in: Almanacco Malcantonese e Valle del Vedeggio. Edizioni Bernasconi, Agno 2003, p. 81.
  7. ↑ Santino Trezzini: Cronistoria di Astano. Consiglio Parrocchiale Astano, Astano 2010, p. 108.
  8. ^ Bernardino Croci Maspoli: Astano. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 5th June 2014 .
  9. ↑ a b Paul Imhof: A monument in black and white, a hotel and la gioconda. In: GEO Switzerland. Issue 7, 2014, p. 6.
  10. ^ Teodoro Amadò: Appunti su Astano. Part 2, in: Almanacco Malcantonese e Valle del Vedeggio. Edizioni Bernasconi, Agno 2003, pp. 80-81.
  11. ↑ Federal Office for the Environment : Federal inventory of raised and transitional moors of national importance. Object 458.Bern 2017 ( PDF; 438 kB ).
  12. ^ Moore on the website of the Federal Office for the Environment . Retrieved April 13, 2018.
  13. ↑ Paul Imhof: A monument in black and white, a hotel and la gioconda. In: GEO Switzerland. Issue 7, 2014, p. 9.
  14. ↑ Thomas Fuchs: Fastenrath, Rudolf. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . November 28, 2005 .
  15. ^ Rudolf Fastenrath: Happy people in Ticino . Publishing bookshop Ceresio, Magliaso 1906.
  16. ^ Antonio Mariotti: Schmidhauser, Eugenio. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . August 26, 2011 .
  17. ^ Rolf Amgarten: About good and bad smugglers. In: Tessiner Zeitung , May 13, 2011, p. 5.
  18. ↑ Peter Jankovsky: Mussolini's chain link fence. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , June 11, 2013, p. 11.
  19. ↑ Santino Trezzini: Cronistoria di Astano. Consiglio Parrocchiale Astano, Astano 2010, p. 123.
  20. ↑ Horst Hachmann: Malcantone - bad corner and paradise. Insider tip among connoisseurs. In: Die Zeit , May 27, 1966.
  21. ↑ Jakob Hess: The dangerous limit. In: At the home hearth. Swiss Illustrated bi-monthly magazine. 55th year, issue 9, 1953, p. 171.
  22. ↑ Pascal Arthur Gonet: Gold prospector in Switzerland. An adventure that is still possible today. Benteli Verlag , Bern 1978, ISBN 3-7165-0266-9 , pp. 45-46.
  23. ↑ Hans Krähenbühl: The earlier ore mining in Malcantone. In: Bergknappe. 5th year, number 15, 1981, pp. 4–5, 7 ( PDF; 3.7 MB ).
  24. ↑ Le miniere del Malcantone on the website of the Museo del Malcantone. Accessed March 31, 2018.
  25. ^ Website of the Associazione Miniera d'Oro . Retrieved June 12, 2019.
  26. ↑ Community mergers in Ticino . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , February 9, 2004, p. 11.
  27. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Bernardino Croci Maspoli: Astano. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . June 5, 2014 , accessed February 5, 2020 .
  28. ↑ Astano. In: Geographisches Lexikon der Schweiz, first volume, Aa - Emmengruppe, Gebrüder Attinger, Neuchâtel 1902
  29. ^ Municipio on the website of the municipality of Astano . Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  30. ↑ Patriziato on the website of the Patriziato di Astano . Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  31. ↑ Elezioni cantonali 2019. Il voto nei comuni: Gran Consiglio on the RSI website . Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  32. ^ Office for Statistics of the Canton of Ticino: Astano . (PDF; 941 kB)
  33. ↑ Paul Imhof: A monument in black and white, a hotel and la gioconda. In: GEO Switzerland. Issue 7, 2014, pp. 6–9, 14.
  34. ↑ Bed and Breakfast on the website of the Ticino tourism agency . Retrieved March 2, 2018.
  35. ↑ local.ch of Swisscom Directories AG. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
  36. ↑ Paul Imhof: A monument in black and white, a hotel and la gioconda. In: GEO Switzerland. Issue 7, 2014, p. 1.
  37. ↑ List of sites of national importance , directory on the website of the Federal Office of Culture , accessed on January 10, 2018.
  38. ↑ a b c d Society for Swiss Art History (ed.): Art Guide Through Switzerland, Volume 2, Glarus, Graubünden, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Schwyz, Ticino, Uri . Society for Swiss Art History, Bern 2005, ISBN 3-906131-96-3 , pp. 804–805.
  39. ^ Federal Office for Topography : Castle Map of Switzerland - East. Federal Office for Topography, Wabern 2007, ISBN 978-3-302-09802-9 , p. 78.
  40. ^ Monte Clivio at www.peakfinder.org . Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  41. ↑ Geoserver of the Swiss Federal Administration ( information )
  42. ↑ Virgilio Chiesa: Una lettera dell'archeologo A. Magni. (Italian) on e-periodica.ch (accessed on January 17, 2017).
  43. ^ Giovanni Maria Staffieri: Astano. In: Malcantone. Testimonianze culturali nei comuni malcantonesi. Lugano-Agno, 1985, page 59.
  44. ^ Roger Friedrich, "Trovo semper la stessa cosa" In occasione della pubblicazione del catalogo dell'opera di Massimo Cavalli. (Italian) at e-periodica.ch/digbib/ (accessed on January 15, 2017).
  45. ↑ Galleria Cort you Lèon .
  46. ↑ ARTmISTI on ti.ch/decs/dcsu/osservatorio/risorse/