Aveiro (Portugal)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Aveiro
coat of arms map
Aveiro Coat of Arms
Aveiro (Portugal)
Aveiro
Basic data
Region : Centro
Sub-region : Aveiro Region
District : Aveiro
Concelho : Aveiro
Coordinates : 40 ° 38 ′  N , 8 ° 39 ′  W Coordinates: 40 ° 38 ′  N , 8 ° 39 ′  W
Residents: 78,450 (as of June 30, 2011)
Surface: 197.59 km² (as of January 1, 2010)
Population density : 397 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 3800-XXX
Aveiro County
flag map
Flag of Aveiro Location of the Aveiro district
Residents: 78,450 (as of June 30, 2011)
Surface: 197.59 km² (as of January 1, 2010)
Population density : 397 inhabitants per km²
Number of municipalities : 10
administration
Administration address: Câmara Municipal de Aveiro
Praça da República
3810-156 Aveiro
President of the Câmara Municipal: Élio Maia ( PSD )
Website: www.cm-aveiro.pt
Aveiro County

Aveiro ( IPA [ a'vɐiɾu ]) is the capital of the Aveiro district in northern Portugal . The city is located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean 60 km south of Porto on the south bank of the Ria de Aveiro , which is located in the mouth of the Rio Vouga . Aveiro is the seat of a bishop and is also called "the Venice of Portugal" because of the three canals Canal de São Roque, Canal das Pirâmides and Canal dos Santos Mârtires.

history

Dolmens and other finds prove a prehistoric settlement. Salt extraction and trading by sea made the place important. The Romans called the place Talabriga . Aveiro is officially mentioned for the first time on February 26, 959 in a Condessa Mumadona document. The place was elevated to Vila in the 13th century .

Joao Affonso, born in Aveiro in the 16th century, was one of the first sailors to visit the rich fishing grounds of Newfoundland , and the Aveiros fishermen soon took an active part in the lucrative fishing there. As a result, the population increased to 14,000. During the same century, Aveiros Cathedral was built and the city and its surroundings were built by King John III. raised to the duchy , which belonged to the House of Lancastro until 1720. The title of Duke of Aveiro expired when its last bearer, Dom José de Mascarenhas da Silva e Lencastre , was cruelly executed on January 13, 1759 for alleged high treason .

Due to a storm in 1575, the port entrance silted up in such a way that shipping and thus also fishing was severely impaired. Fertile land swamped. The population decreased to around 3,500 people by the end of the 18th century. Aveiro was slow to recover. It was then raised to the status of a city ​​( Cidade ) in 1759 . On April 3, 1808, after several unsuccessful attempts, a new port entrance was opened. On July 7, 1864, when the Linha do Norte opened , Aveiro received a direct rail link to Lisbon and Porto . The city began to develop industrially, and it grew significantly.

year Residents
16th Century approx. 12,000
18th century approx. 3,500
2008 73 100

economy

Sea salt extraction, fishing and the catching of algae as fertilizer were historically important economic sectors in the city, but have lost much of their importance today and some are no longer operated.

Aveiro is now one of the most important industrial locations in Portugal. After Lisbon and Porto, Aveiro County was the economically most important administrative district in Portugal in 2009, with 6.7% of Portugal-based companies accounting for 4% of the country's tax revenue. 5.7% of Portugal's gross domestic product is generated here (2011 figure).

Among the large number of companies based here are u. a. Works by Renault , Portucel Soporcel and Bosch . The most important economic sectors in Aveiro are metal processing, porcelain, ceramic production, food industry, paper production and wood and cork processing.

The port of Aveiro is an important logistics location. In addition, tourism has gained in importance.

traffic

In the center of Aveiro
The historic train station with its characteristic azulejos . The new train station is next to it.

Aveiro is accessible by road through the A1 , A17 and A25 motorways , which allow connections to Porto, Lisbon, Coimbra, Leiria and Viseu. The city has two connections: Aveiro-Sul and Aveiro-Nascente .

In terms of rail traffic, Aveiro has a train station on the Linha do Norte , and the meter-gauge Linha do Vouga to Espinho also starts here .

The São Jacinto Airport is located near Aveiro, the former military airport and now serves private aircraft, regular service will not take place.

Aveiro has a large seaport with four terminals.

Public facilities

The geoscientific building at the University of Aveiro

university

The University of Aveiro is one of the youngest universities in Portugal. It was founded in 1973. The campus is known for its architectural and urban development quality. The university library, for example, was designed by Álvaro Siza Vieira .

Leisure and sports facilities

The football stadium Estádio Municipal de Aveiro "Mario Duarte" in which several games of the European Football Championship 2004 took place is home of the football club SC Beira Mar .

The Estádio Municipal de Aveiro

Culture and sights

Igreja de Jesus in the Mosteiro de Jesus Aveiro
Tomb of the Princesa Santa Joana, late 17th century, in the Mosteiro de Jesus , Aveiro

The park Jardim e Parque Infante D. Pedro should be mentioned. Gondola rides are offered in the canals. The municipal facility Loja Buga , centrally located in front of the Mercado Manuel Firmino market hall and behind the Fórum shopping center, offers free bike rental.

theatre

The Teatro Aveirense was founded in 1879. The first theater building was completed in 1881. The current program includes much more than just theater. Cinema cycles on specific topics, as well as concerts and guest performances can be found as well as dance and exhibitions.

Museums

The Museu de Aveiro is located in the rooms of the former Mosteiro de Jesus monastery , which was founded in 1458. The famous Princesa Santa Joana ("Holy Princess Johanna") (1452–1490) lived and died in the monastery. Around 1700 a spectacular tomb was erected for them in the Mosteiro, covered with marble incrustations ( pietra dura ) typical of the Portuguese Baroque . The Igreja de Jesus church is part of the museum complex, with lavish Talha dourada (typical Portuguese gilded carvings). The tomb and church are among the main cultural attractions of Aveiro.

Easter procession in Aveiro (2004), in the background the Mercado de Peixe fish market

Buildings

Regular events

  • The fish market Mercado do Peixe is held every morning on Praça do Peixe.
  • The Festa da Ria takes place in July or August . A regatta from Torreira to Aveiro will be held that day. The flood is expected at 6 p.m. at this time.
  • On Easter Sunday there is a procession through the Vera Cruz district. The path is prepared for the move with flowers and petals are thrown from the windows of the small fishermen's houses by the often old residents.
  • The municipal holiday is May 12th .

gastronomy

The Ovos Moles , a protected dessert from Aveiro

Fish dishes and seafood dishes are traditionally popular in Aveiro. A nationally known, protected specialty are the Ovos Moles (English: soft eggs), a dessert.

Today, in addition to simple and upscale restaurants, there are also a large number of international fast food chains, but also vegetarian- vegan houses in the village, such as the talho vegetariano (German: vegetarian butcher) with health food store in the central market hall Mercado Manuel Firmino , or the vegetarian one Sonatura restaurant.

Aveiro County

Aveiro County is bounded in the north by Murtosa , in the northeast by Albergaria-a-Velha , in the east by Águeda , in the south by Oliveira do Bairro , in the southwest by Vagos and Ílhavo . To the west is the Atlantic Ocean .

The Centro Cultural de Congressos , a former ceramics factory, which today houses cultural and conference facilities as well as parts of the city administration
The old town hall in the historic center

With the regional reform in September 2013, several municipalities were merged into new municipalities, so that the number of municipalities decreased from 14 to ten.

Aveiro County unites the following parishes ( freguesias ):

local community Population
(2011) 		Area
km² 		Density of
population / km² 		LAU
code
Aradas 9,157 8.93 1,026 010501
Cacia 7,354 35.75 206 010502
Eixo e Eirol 6.324 22.42 282 010515
Esgueira 13,431 17.15 783 010505
Glória e Vera Cruz 18,756 45.32 414 010517
Oliveirinha 4,817 12.07 399 010508
Requeixo, Nossa Senhora de Fátima e Nariz 4,564 32.32 141 010516
Sao Bernardo 4,960 3.94 1,260 010510
São Jacinto 993 13.84 72 010511
Santa Joana 8.094 5.85 1,385 010513
Aveiro County 78,450 197.59 397 0105

Population development

Aveiro County Population (1801–2011)
1801 1849 1900 1930 1960 1981 1991 2001 2011
14,144 10,780 24,919 31,644 46,055 60.284 66,444 73,335 78,450

Town twinning

Aveiro has numerous international connections through town twinning and town friendships.

sons and daughters of the town

Mars crater

A Martian crater is named after Aveiro .

Web links

Commons : Aveiro, Portugal  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b www.ine.pt - indicator resident population by place of residence and sex; Decennial in the database of the Instituto Nacional de Estatística
  2. ↑ a b Overview of code assignments from Freguesias on epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu
  3. ^ Atlas de Portugal . Igeo.pt. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
  4. ↑ www.verportugal.net , accessed on September 11, 2013
  5. ↑ Aveiro County Economic Profile , Aveiro Industrial Association website, accessed August 9, 2017
  6. ^ Publication of the administrative reorganization in the Diário da República gazette of January 28, 2013, accessed on March 16, 2014
  7. ^ Website of the city ( Memento from December 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), accessed December 5, 2016