Aveiro (Portugal)
Aveiro | ||||||
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Basic data | ||||||
Region : | Centro | |||||
Sub-region : | Aveiro Region | |||||
District : | Aveiro | |||||
Concelho : | Aveiro | |||||
Coordinates : | 40 ° 38 ′ N , 8 ° 39 ′ W | |||||
Residents: | 78,450 (as of June 30, 2011) | |||||
Surface: | 197.59 km² (as of January 1, 2010) | |||||
Population density : | 397 inhabitants per km² | |||||
Postal code : | 3800-XXX | |||||
Aveiro County | ||||||
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Residents: | 78,450 (as of June 30, 2011) | |||||
Surface: | 197.59 km² (as of January 1, 2010) | |||||
Population density : | 397 inhabitants per km² | |||||
Number of municipalities : | 10 | |||||
administration | ||||||
Administration address: | Câmara Municipal de Aveiro Praça da República 3810-156 Aveiro |
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President of the Câmara Municipal: | Élio Maia ( PSD ) | |||||
Website: | www.cm-aveiro.pt |
Aveiro ( IPA [ a'vɐiɾu ]) is the capital of the Aveiro district in northern Portugal . The city is located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean 60 km south of Porto on the south bank of the Ria de Aveiro , which is located in the mouth of the Rio Vouga . Aveiro is the seat of a bishop and is also called "the Venice of Portugal" because of the three canals Canal de São Roque, Canal das Pirâmides and Canal dos Santos Mârtires.
history
Dolmens and other finds prove a prehistoric settlement. Salt extraction and trading by sea made the place important. The Romans called the place Talabriga . Aveiro is officially mentioned for the first time on February 26, 959 in a Condessa Mumadona document. The place was elevated to Vila in the 13th century .
Joao Affonso, born in Aveiro in the 16th century, was one of the first sailors to visit the rich fishing grounds of Newfoundland , and the Aveiros fishermen soon took an active part in the lucrative fishing there. As a result, the population increased to 14,000. During the same century, Aveiros Cathedral was built and the city and its surroundings were built by King John III. raised to the duchy , which belonged to the House of Lancastro until 1720. The title of Duke of Aveiro expired when its last bearer, Dom José de Mascarenhas da Silva e Lencastre , was cruelly executed on January 13, 1759 for alleged high treason .
Due to a storm in 1575, the port entrance silted up in such a way that shipping and thus also fishing was severely impaired. Fertile land swamped. The population decreased to around 3,500 people by the end of the 18th century. Aveiro was slow to recover. It was then raised to the status of a city ( Cidade ) in 1759 . On April 3, 1808, after several unsuccessful attempts, a new port entrance was opened. On July 7, 1864, when the Linha do Norte opened , Aveiro received a direct rail link to Lisbon and Porto . The city began to develop industrially, and it grew significantly.
year | Residents |
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16th Century | approx. 12,000 |
18th century | approx. 3,500 |
2008 | 73 100 |
economy
Sea salt extraction, fishing and the catching of algae as fertilizer were historically important economic sectors in the city, but have lost much of their importance today and some are no longer operated.
Aveiro is now one of the most important industrial locations in Portugal. After Lisbon and Porto, Aveiro County was the economically most important administrative district in Portugal in 2009, with 6.7% of Portugal-based companies accounting for 4% of the country's tax revenue. 5.7% of Portugal's gross domestic product is generated here (2011 figure).
Among the large number of companies based here are u. a. Works by Renault , Portucel Soporcel and Bosch . The most important economic sectors in Aveiro are metal processing, porcelain, ceramic production, food industry, paper production and wood and cork processing.
The port of Aveiro is an important logistics location. In addition, tourism has gained in importance.
traffic
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Aveiro_Train_station.jpg/220px-Aveiro_Train_station.jpg)
Aveiro is accessible by road through the A1 , A17 and A25 motorways , which allow connections to Porto, Lisbon, Coimbra, Leiria and Viseu. The city has two connections: Aveiro-Sul and Aveiro-Nascente .
In terms of rail traffic, Aveiro has a train station on the Linha do Norte , and the meter-gauge Linha do Vouga to Espinho also starts here .
The São Jacinto Airport is located near Aveiro, the former military airport and now serves private aircraft, regular service will not take place.
Aveiro has a large seaport with four terminals.
Public facilities
university
The University of Aveiro is one of the youngest universities in Portugal. It was founded in 1973. The campus is known for its architectural and urban development quality. The university library, for example, was designed by Álvaro Siza Vieira .
Leisure and sports facilities
The football stadium Estádio Municipal de Aveiro "Mario Duarte" in which several games of the European Football Championship 2004 took place is home of the football club SC Beira Mar .
Culture and sights
The park Jardim e Parque Infante D. Pedro should be mentioned. Gondola rides are offered in the canals. The municipal facility Loja Buga , centrally located in front of the Mercado Manuel Firmino market hall and behind the Fórum shopping center, offers free bike rental.
theatre
The Teatro Aveirense was founded in 1879. The first theater building was completed in 1881. The current program includes much more than just theater. Cinema cycles on specific topics, as well as concerts and guest performances can be found as well as dance and exhibitions.
Museums
The Museu de Aveiro is located in the rooms of the former Mosteiro de Jesus monastery , which was founded in 1458. The famous Princesa Santa Joana ("Holy Princess Johanna") (1452–1490) lived and died in the monastery. Around 1700 a spectacular tomb was erected for them in the Mosteiro, covered with marble incrustations ( pietra dura ) typical of the Portuguese Baroque . The Igreja de Jesus church is part of the museum complex, with lavish Talha dourada (typical Portuguese gilded carvings). The tomb and church are among the main cultural attractions of Aveiro.
Buildings
- The Igreja de São Domingos Cathedral
- The Igreja da Nossa Senhora de Apresentação church
- The Estádio Municipal de Aveiro "Mario Duarte" stadium , host of the 2004 European Championships
Regular events
- The fish market Mercado do Peixe is held every morning on Praça do Peixe.
- The Festa da Ria takes place in July or August . A regatta from Torreira to Aveiro will be held that day. The flood is expected at 6 p.m. at this time.
- On Easter Sunday there is a procession through the Vera Cruz district. The path is prepared for the move with flowers and petals are thrown from the windows of the small fishermen's houses by the often old residents.
- The municipal holiday is May 12th .
gastronomy
Fish dishes and seafood dishes are traditionally popular in Aveiro. A nationally known, protected specialty are the Ovos Moles (English: soft eggs), a dessert.
Today, in addition to simple and upscale restaurants, there are also a large number of international fast food chains, but also vegetarian- vegan houses in the village, such as the talho vegetariano (German: vegetarian butcher) with health food store in the central market hall Mercado Manuel Firmino , or the vegetarian one Sonatura restaurant.
Aveiro County
Aveiro County is bounded in the north by Murtosa , in the northeast by Albergaria-a-Velha , in the east by Águeda , in the south by Oliveira do Bairro , in the southwest by Vagos and Ílhavo . To the west is the Atlantic Ocean .
With the regional reform in September 2013, several municipalities were merged into new municipalities, so that the number of municipalities decreased from 14 to ten.
Aveiro County unites the following parishes ( freguesias ):
local community | Population (2011) |
Area km² |
Density of population / km² |
LAU code |
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Aradas | 9,157 | 8.93 | 1,026 | 010501 |
Cacia | 7,354 | 35.75 | 206 | 010502 |
Eixo e Eirol | 6.324 | 22.42 | 282 | 010515 |
Esgueira | 13,431 | 17.15 | 783 | 010505 |
Glória e Vera Cruz | 18,756 | 45.32 | 414 | 010517 |
Oliveirinha | 4,817 | 12.07 | 399 | 010508 |
Requeixo, Nossa Senhora de Fátima e Nariz | 4,564 | 32.32 | 141 | 010516 |
Sao Bernardo | 4,960 | 3.94 | 1,260 | 010510 |
São Jacinto | 993 | 13.84 | 72 | 010511 |
Santa Joana | 8.094 | 5.85 | 1,385 | 010513 |
Aveiro County | 78,450 | 197.59 | 397 | 0105 |
Population development
Aveiro County Population (1801–2011) | ||||||||
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1801 | 1849 | 1900 | 1930 | 1960 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 |
14,144 | 10,780 | 24,919 | 31,644 | 46,055 | 60.284 | 66,444 | 73,335 | 78,450 |
Town twinning
Aveiro has numerous international connections through town twinning and town friendships.
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sons and daughters of the town
- Aires de Figueiredo Barbosa (1470–1540), professor at the University of Salamanca , humanist
- Fernão de Oliveira (1507–1581), monk, designer of ships and weapons, author and grammarian of the Renaissance
- Antónia Rodrigues (1580–?), Army commander who posed as a man
- Miguel de Bulhões e Sousa (1706–1778), bishop in Pará (Brazil) and in Leiria
- José Estêvão Coelho de Magalhães (1809–1862), lawyer, journalist and politician
- Manuel José Mendes Leite (1809–1887), lawyer, journalist and politician
- Joaquim da Costa Cascais (1815–1898), military, poet and playwright
- Agostinho Coelho (1828–1888), colonial administrator, governor of Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau
- Augusto Soromenho (1833–1878), philologist, educator and journalist
- José Luciano de Castro (1834–1914), politician, multiple prime minister
- Vicente Maria de Moura Coutinho de Almeida d'Eça (1852–1929), admiral, historian, oceanographer and politician
- João Augusto Marques Gomes (1853–1931), writer
- Jaime de Magalhães Lima (1859–1936), writer, poet and literary critic
- Francisco Manuel Homem Cristo (1860–1943), military officer, university professor and Republican politician
- Francisco Couceiro da Costa (1870–1925), politician and lawyer, Governor of Portuguese India , Republican Minister
- João Evangelista de Lima Vidal (1874–1958), Bishop of Luanda and Aveiro
- José Maria Barbosa de Magalhães (1878–1959), lawyer and politician, repeated republican minister, opposition member of the Salazar dictatorship
- Mário Duarte (1900–1982), football player and diplomat
- Fernando Pessa (1902–2002), radio and television journalist, was named the oldest journalist in the world in 2002
- Vasco Vieira da Costa (1911–1982), architect, worked mainly in Angola
- Carlos Nóbrega e Sousa (1913–2001), composer of popular music
- José Afonso (1929–1987), eminent singer and composer, author of the revolutionary song Grândola, Vila Morena
- José Oliveira e Costa (* 1935), economist, bank manager and politician
- Carlos Candal (1938–2009), lawyer and socialist politician
- António Coutinho (* 1946), immunologist , university professor and researcher
- Rosa Alice Branco (born 1950), poet
- Ana Mafalda Leite (* 1956), writer and Lusitanist
- José Monteiro (* 1956), painter and plastic artist
- José Manuel Canavarro (* 1965), psychologist and politician
- Carlos Secretário (* 1970), football player and coach
- Joana Serrado (* 1979), writer
- José Pedro Leitão (* 1979), musician, member of Deolinda
- Arnaldo Edi Lopes da Silva (* 1982), football player
- Artur Filipe Bernardes Moreira (* 1984), football player
- Diogo Jorge Moreno Valente (* 1984), football player
- Pedro Guerreiro de Jesus Correia (* 1987), football player
- Margarida Martinho (* 1989), actress
- Mariana Martinho (* 1989), model and actress, twin sister of Margarida Martinho
- Mariana Lopes (* 1994), handball player
Mars crater
A Martian crater is named after Aveiro .
Web links
- Câmara Municipal de Aveiro (Portuguese)
- The Aveiro Municipal Theater (Portuguese)
- Aveiro Harbor
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b www.ine.pt - indicator resident population by place of residence and sex; Decennial in the database of the Instituto Nacional de Estatística
- ↑ a b Overview of code assignments from Freguesias on epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu
- ^ Atlas de Portugal . Igeo.pt. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
- ↑ www.verportugal.net , accessed on September 11, 2013
- ↑ Aveiro County Economic Profile , Aveiro Industrial Association website, accessed August 9, 2017
- ^ Publication of the administrative reorganization in the Diário da República gazette of January 28, 2013, accessed on March 16, 2014
- ^ Website of the city ( Memento from December 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), accessed December 5, 2016