Baranya county

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Baranya
Komitat Győr-Moson-Sopron Komitat Vas Komitat Zala Komitat Somogy Komitat Baranya Komitat Tolna Komitat Bács-Kiskun Komitat Csongrád-Csanád Komitat Békés Komitat Hajdú-Bihar Komitat Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg Komitat Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Komitat Nógrád Komitat Heves Komitat Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok Komitat Veszprém Komitat Fejér Komitat Komárom-Esztergom Komitat Pest BudapestLocation of Baranya County in Hungary (clickable map)
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Baranya.jpg
Baranya
County seat : Pécs
Surface: 4,430 km²
Residents: 368,135   as of 2016
Aerial view of Pécs

Baranya [ ˈbɒrɒɲɒ ] (German Branau , Croatian Baranja) , is the southernmost county (administrative district) in Hungary . It borders on Croatia and on Somogy , Tolna and Bács-Kiskun counties .

The county seat is Pécs (Fünfkirchen) . The city has existed as Sopianae since Roman times and has been a World Heritage Site since 2000 . A cemetery of the early Christians was found near the current Gothic cathedral at Mons Sacrum ; The two-storey Péter-Pál burial chamber with jugs and old biblical paintings such as the Garden of Eden is also remarkable .

Other historically significant cities are Mohács and Pécsvárad . The spa in Harkány and the Villány-Siklós wine-growing region are also internationally known . The traffic connections are relatively good, almost all cities have a train station, although several sections of the route have already been closed. The region has been accessible via the M6 and M60 since March 31, 2010 . The main roads to and from Pécs are passable (e.g. the B6 and B57); On some streets in the Mecsek area, however, “road sections that are dangerous for accidents” are signposted. There is very little traffic on the side streets.

geography

Hungary's south and its warm climate are sometimes compared to the hills of Tuscany - Mediterranean plants and warm wind, culture and old castles, strong red wine , figs and sweet chestnuts . The county is also rich in mineral waters and has karst features in the mountains .

The Drava forms the southern border of the county, and the Danube flows to the east . A small area between the Danube and the mouth of the Drau belonged to the county before 1921 and now to Croatia ( Osijek-Baranja County ). The area, in which acacias also grow, is crossed by the Mecsek range of hills and mountains . There are stork nests on many church towers . The mountain regions (the highest peak is the Zengő at 684 m) are largely covered with deciduous forest. Particularly noteworthy are several extensive, almost pure chestnut forests, which can only be found in this form in a few other places in the world (e.g. on the southern slopes of the Günser Mountains in Austria).

The towns and larger towns of the county are next to Pécs and Mohács

structure

With the government ordinance No. 218/2012 of August 13, 2012, the statistical small regions (Hungarian kistérség ) were abolished on January 1, 2013 and replaced by an approximately equal number of districts (Hungarian járás ). The small areas were retained for a while for planning and statistical purposes, but were finally abolished on February 25, 2014. There were 9 small areas in the county before it was dissolved. Only one administrative unit remained unchanged during the reform (Siklós).

The counties of Baranya County

Former classification

Until the end of 2012, the following small areas (Hungarian kistérség ) existed in Baranya County:

code Small area Administrative headquarters Population
(December 31, 2012) 		Area
in km² 		Number of
parishes		 including
cities
3201 Komló Komló 37,473 314.60 19th 1
3202 Mohács Mohács 47,587 846.29 43 2
3203 Sásd Sásd 13,737 383.87 27 2
3204 Sellye Sellye 13,235 463.33 35 1
3205 Siklós Siklós 36,106 652.99 53 3
3206 Szigetvár Szigetvár 25,446 668.91 46 1
3207 Pécs Pécs 176,519 570.83 39 2
3208 Pécsvárad Pécsvárad 12,283 258.49 19th 1
3209 Szentlőrinc Szentlőrinc 14,756 270.28 20th 1

Current classification

Baranya county is divided into 10 districts (Hungarian járás ) with 301 localities: the city of Pécs with county rights (Hungarian Megyei jogú város ), 13 cities without county law (Hungarian város ), 3 large municipalities (Hungarian nagyközség ) and 284 municipalities (Hungarian község ) .

Location type number Area  (in km²) population Population
density  (Ew / km²)
absolutely proportionally on average absolutely proportionally on average
City with county law 1 162.77 3.67% 145.347 39.48% 893.0
Cities without county law 13 483.19 10.91% 37.17 95.351 25.90% 7,335 197.3
Large community 3 87.14 1.97% 29.05 6,455 1.75% 2.152 74.1
Communities 284 3,696.50 83.45% 13.02 120,982 32.86% 426 32.7
Baranya county as a whole 301 4,429.60 14.72 368.135 1,223 83.1

The current circles are:

code circle Circular seat Residents
(January 1, 2013) 		Area
in km² 		Number of
parishes		 including
cities
024 Bóly Bóly 11,879 220.03 16 1
025 Hegyhát Sásd 12,662 360.72 25th 2
026 Komló Komló 35,084 292.48 20th 1
027 Mohács Mohács 34,901 600.98 26th 1
028 Pécs Pécs 180.138 623.07 40 2
029 Pécsvárad Pécsvárad 11,787 246.44 17th 1
030 Sellye Sellye 14,383 493.69 38 1
031 Siklós Siklós 36,106 652.99 53 3
032 Szentlőrinc Szentlőrinc 15,044 282.43 21st 1
033 Szigetvár Szigetvár 25,158 656.76 45 1

Biggest cities

Szentlőrinc Castle
Benedictine Abbey of Pécsvárad

All places without a name are cities.

City / municipality German name Residents
(January 1, 2016)
Pécs Five churches 147.719
Komló Kummlau 24,066
Mohács Mohatsch 17,738
Szigetvár Inselburg 10,755
Siklós Winless 9,501
Szentlőrinc Saint Lawrence 6,750
Kozármisleny Mischlen 5,934
Harkany Harkan 4,087
Pécsvárad Petschwar 4,051
Bóly Deutschbohl 3,974
Hosszúhetény , parish Hetting 3,360
Sásd reed 3.165
Sellye clamp 2,727
Villány Wieland 2,545
Beremend , large parish Berend 2,399
Lánycsók , parish Lanchuk 2,397
Mágocs Magoch 2,376
Szászvár , large parish Saswar 2,297
Pellérd, municipality 2,255
Hidas , parish Hidash 2,030

Population development

Population development of the county

The steady decline in the population since the 1980s is remarkable. Dates in bold are census results.

date population date population
01/01/1960 1 395,342 01/01/2007 398.215
01/01/1970 421.765 01/01/2008 396,633
01/01/1980 432,617 01/01/2009 394.911
01/01/1990 417,400 01/01/2010 393,758
01/01/2001 408.147 01/01/2011 391.455
02/01/2001 407,448 October 01, 2011 386,441
01/01/2002 406.330 01/01/2012 380.904
01/01/2003 404.709 01/01/2013 377.142
01/01/2004 402.260 01/01/2014 373.984
01/01/2005 400.313 01/01/2015 371.110
01/01/2006 398.355 01/01/2016 368.135

1 1960: present population; otherwise resident population

Population development of the districts

A negative population balance can be seen for all districts.

District name Population level on January 1st
2013 2014 2015 2016
Bóly 11,879 11,748 11,607 11,533
Hegyhát 12,662 12,515 12,405 12,179
Komló 35,084 34,776 34.210 33,790
Mohács 34,901 34,512 34,084 33,794
Pécs 180.138 178,968 178.291 177.461
Pécsvárad 11,787 11,669 11,567 11,478
Sellye 14,383 14,178 13,986 13,767
Siklós 36,106 35,716 35,539 35,149
Szentlőrinc 15,044 14,847 14,586 14,418
Szigetvár 25,158 25,055 24,835 24,566
Baranya county 377.142 373.984 371.110 368.135

History and culture

600 years after the Romans, King Stephen I founded the diocese of Pécs . The cathedral with four towers and the first Hungarian university under King Lajos the Great were built in the Gothic period . In the Middle Ages , many knight's castles were built (see also Vár ), of which the one on the mountain top of Siklós is particularly well preserved. The name Miklós Zrínyi , the defender of the castle in the Turkish Wars of 1566, is associated with Szigetvár .

The culture of the Renaissance made Bishop Janus Pannonius at home - visible in the famous porcelain of the Zsolnay Museum and in the lapidarium in the museum courtyard. To this day, the region offers numerous cultural programs such as the national theater meeting in Pécs, various summer festivals and the Mardi Gras in Mohács, which is comparable to Venice .

Museums

The State Directorate of Museums of Baranya County is responsible for 6 county museums . The county seat is the city of Pécs (Fünfkirchen).

* County Museum

literature

  • Claus Heinrich Gattermann : The Baranya in the years 1686 to 1713. Continuity and change in a Hungarian county after the departure of the Turks . Universitätsverlag Göttingen, Göttingen 2005, ISBN 3-938616-32-6 .

Web links

Commons : Baranya county  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Baranya County (German: Branau ) should not be confused with the Upper Austrian city of Braunau . In the 1920s, Anton Tafferner (born 1910) tried to replace the name Baranya with the German-sounding name Branau, which did not succeed. Only the name Baranya was commonly used.
  2. ↑ Gazetteer of Hungary, 1st January, 2013. (PDF) KSH, accessed on February 4, 2017 (Hungarian / English, also XLS file).
  3. ^ Detailed Gazetteer of Hungary. KSH, accessed February 4, 2017 (Hungarian / English).
  4. ↑ KSH: Gazetteer of Hungary, 1st January, 2016. In: Minden helység adata. KSH, accessed on March 7, 2017 (Hungarian / English, also PDF file).
  5. ↑ a b 6.1.1. Resident population by sex, January 1st (2001-) (STADAT table). KSH, accessed February 9, 2017 .
  6. ^ Department of Museums of Baranya County BMMI (Baranya Megyei Múzeumok Igazgatósága)

Coordinates: 46 ° 4 ′  N , 18 ° 12 ′  E