Bechhofen (Neuendettelsau)

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Bechhofen
community Neuendettelsau
Coordinates: 49 ° 15 ′ 46 ″  N , 10 ° 47 ′ 19 ″  E
Height : 382  (382-426)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 3.79 km²
Residents : 110  (December 31, 2013)
Population density : 29 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1971
Postal code : 91564
Area code : 09874
map
Location of Bechhofen in Neuendettelsau
In the valley of the Rezat
In the valley of the Rezat
The fishing water from Bechhofen

Bechhofen (colloquially: Bechhûfn ) is a district of the municipality Neuendettelsau in the district of Ansbach in Middle Franconia .

geography

The Franconian Rezat and the Weihergraben flow through the village, which flows into the Rezat as a right tributary. A little to the west is the Schauerleiten ( 420  m above sea level ), to the north the place is bordered by the Hirtenbuck . Approx. The Luderhölzer forest area is 0.5 km northeast of the village . The state road 2223 leading to Sly Bach (2.6 km to the west) or Neuses (1.2 km south-east), community access roads lead to Wernsbach (1.1 km east), Sauer Home (2.6 km to the southwest) and Neuendettelsau (1.6 km north) and an agricultural road to Kirschendorf (1.7 km west).

history

The place was first mentioned by name in 1169/70 as "Bechofen". As with all places called Bechhofen , the name is derived from Pechofen , i.e. H. it was originally made of pitch , which at the time was commonly used in monasteries or royal courts for torch lighting. The reinterpretation of the place name component "-ofen" to " -hofen " only took place afterwards (first attested in 1504).

At first, Bechhofen was " oriented in its entirety towards the Abenberg Castle Graftum". According to the Dornberg Testament of 1288, two farms came to the Heilsbronn monastery and the rest of them came into the possession of the Windsbach caste office , the imperial city of Nuremberg , the Gumbertus pen and the Lords of Neuendettelsau . The 16 days of Rezatwiesen were mainly owned by farmers from Neuses, Haag, Steinhof, Geichsenhof and Bechhofen. In the 15./16. In the 19th century, the Bechhofer were repeatedly accused of guarding their meadows in order to protect their own. These disputes eventually resulted in a process that lasted over twelve years.

In the castle Count Urbar of 1361/64 three Untertansfamilien listed for Bechhofen that the Office Windsbach were under.

In the 16-point report of the Oberamt Windsbach from 1608 14 teams are listed for Bechhofen: 1 mill and 2 farms were subordinate to the caste office Windsbach, 1 farm and 1 estate to the Abbey Office of Ansbach , 1 farmer and 1 Köbler to the monastery administration office in Heilsbronn , 3 farms the imperial city of Nuremberg and 1 yard and 3 estates of the manor Neuendettelsau. There was also a communal shepherd's house. The high court exercised the Brandenburg-Ansbach caste and city bailiff's office in Windsbach .

At the beginning of the 18th century there were four more margravial new foundations in Bechhofen .

Towards the end of the 18th century there were 19 properties and a communal shepherd's house in Bechhofen. The high court and the village and community rulership was exercised by the caste and municipal bailiff's office in Windsbach. The landlords were the Principality of Ansbach (14 properties; Kastenamt Windsbach: 2 half farms, 1 estate, 2 estate, 1 estate with vertical right, 2 empty houses , 1 mill estate ); Heilsbronn monastery administration office (1 yard, 2 half-estates); Stiftsamt Ansbach (1 half courtyard, 1 smithy); the imperial city of Nuremberg ( hospital and Katharinenklosteramt : 1 half courtyard, St. Klara monastery office : 2 half courtyards, state alms office: 1 half courtyard) and the Untererlbach manor (1 estate). From 1797 to 1808, 13 properties were subordinate to the Windsbach Justice and Chamber Office , 5 properties to other offices.

In 1806 Bechhofen came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . As part of the municipal edict , Bechhofen was assigned to the Immeldorf tax district formed in 1808 . It also belonged to the rural community of Immeldorf, founded in 1810 . With the second community edict (1818), Bechhofen broke away from Immeldorf and formed a rural community. It was subject to the Heilsbronn Regional Court in administration and jurisdiction and the Windsbach Rent Office in the financial administration . In voluntary jurisdiction, a property was subject to the Untererlbach Patrimonial Court from 1841 to 1848 . From 1862 to 1879 Bechhofen was administered by the Heilsbronn district office, since 1880 by the Ansbach district office (renamed the Ansbach district in 1938 ) and the Heilsbronn rent office (1920–1929: Heilsbronn tax office , from 1929: Ansbach tax office ). The jurisdiction remained with the district court Heilsbronn until 1879, 1880–1956 district court Heilsbronn , since 1956 district court Ansbach . The municipality had an area of ​​3.786 km².

On July 1, 1971, Bechhofen was incorporated into Neuendettelsau as part of the regional reform .

Historical map

  • Site map 1826

Architectural and ground monuments

  • House No. 8: single-storey building, 18th / 19th centuries Century, with three-storey half-timbered gable
  • House no. 17: single-storey dwarf gable house with three-storey gable, 18th / 19th century. Century (now canceled)
  • Immediately on the spot there was an open-air station from the Mesolithic and settlements from the Urnfield and Latène periods .

See also: → List of architectural monuments in Neuendettelsau # Bechhofen

Population development

Note: This section does not appear in the print version, but must be printed out separately (→ population development ).

year 1818 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970 1987 2007 2013
Residents 128 156 149 147 138 149 146 147 135 140 135 144 148 128 127 139 148 138 125 186 172 165 147 128 123 116 110
Houses 23 23 27 26th 27 25th 26th 27 30th
source

Community leader

Surname Term of office
Georg Stefan Reuter 1806-1814
Johann Stefan Emmert 1814-1828
Georg Croner 1828-1834
Johann Stefan Emmert 1834-1846
Georg Croner 1846-1855
Michael Reuter 1855-1860
Georg Valentin Herzog 1860-1866
Konrad Froschauer 1866-1870
Johann Kroner 1870-1877
Johann Georg Herzog 1877-1882
Johann Thomas Wiesinger 1882-1888
Adam Wilhelm Kreuzer 1888-1894
Michael Georg Kroner 1894-1927
Johann Simon Emmert 1927-1945
Johann Boehm 1945–1971

religion

The place has been predominantly Protestant since the Reformation. The houses to the right of the Rezat were originally parish to St. Georg in Immeldorf, the houses to the left of the Rezat to St. Nikolai in Neuendettelsau and the four margravial houses built in the 18th century to St. Margareta (Windsbach) . In the course of a so-called "purification", which the Ansbach Chamber ordered in 1807, all properties were parish to St. Nikolai.

The inhabitants of the Roman Catholic denomination are parish according to St. Franziskus (Neuendettelsau) .

photos

  • Place view

  • Old house

  • Bell house

  • Bell tower

literature

Web links

Commons : Bechhofen bei Windsbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Bechhofen , in: Georg Muck: History of Heilsbronn Monastery , Volume 2  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Neuendettelsau municipal administration (ed.): Neuendettelsau. Information, authorities guide . Neuendettelsau 2014, p. 7.
  2. ↑ a b c E. Fechter, p. 45 f.
  3. ↑ Bechhofen in the Bavaria Atlas
  4. ↑ According to Georg Rusam, the buyer for the bad luck won in this place was the St. Gumbertus monastery in Ansbach, according to Helmut Weigel a royal court in Windsbach. Both assumptions go in the wrong direction, however, as there are no corresponding connections to this monastery or a royal court in Windsbach cannot be proven.
    Helmut Weigel: Foundations and Beginnings of Church Organization at the Middle Rezat , in: ZbKG 16 (1941) , p. 11.
    Georg Rusam: Foundations and Beginnings of Church Organization at the Middle Rezat , in: ZbKG 17 (1942/47) , p. 46–57 and ZbKG 18 , pp. 65–101, here p. 77.
  5. ↑ M. Keßler, p. 350.
  6. ↑ G. Muck, Vol. 2, p. 159 f.
  7. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 1, p. 501.
  8. ^ State Archives Nuremberg , 16-Punkt -berichte 43/1, 17. Quoted from M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 729.
  9. ↑ M. Keßler, p. 330.
  10. ↑ M. Jehle, vol. 2, p. 836. In the official description of the Lichtenau nursing office from 1748, 3 Nuremberg properties are specified for the location: 1 half courtyard was subject to St. Katharina, 1 courtyard St. Klara and 1 half courtyard to the Landesalmosenamt ( M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 745).
  11. ↑ a b M. Jehle, Vol. 2, pp. 977f.
  12. ↑ JK Bundschuh, Vol. 1, Col. 316f.
  13. ^ Johann Bernhard Fischer : Bechhofen . In: Statistical and topographical description of the Burggraftum Nürnberg, below the mountain, or the Principality of Brandenburg-Anspach. Second part. Containing the economic, statistical and moral condition of these countries according to the fifteen upper offices . Benedict Friedrich Haueisen, Ansbach 1790, p. 404 ( digitized version ).
  14. ↑ State Archives Nuremberg , Government of Middle Franconia, Chamber of the Interior, Levy 1952, 3850: Formation of the municipal and rural communities in the district court Heilsbronn 1810. Quoted from M. Jehle, vol. 2, p. 963.
  15. ^ Address and statistical manual for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 43 ( digitized version ).
  16. ↑ Friedrich Eigler : Schwabach (=  Historical Atlas of Bavaria, Part Franconia . I, 28). Michael Laßleben, Kallmünz 1990, ISBN 3-7696-9941-6 , p. 497 .
  17. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 752 ( digitized version ).
  18. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 421 .
  19. ↑ Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were known as hearths , in 1840 as houses and from 1871 to 1987 as residential buildings.
  20. ↑ Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkkreis according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 8 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 145 ( digitized version ).
  22. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to the statistics of Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 174 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  23. ^ Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1041 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  24. ↑ Kgl. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the status of the population in December 1867 . XXI. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Ackermann, Munich 1869, p. 164 ( digitized version ).
  25. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1206 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  26. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Manufactured due to the new organization of government districts, district offices and judicial districts. Addendum to issue 36 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1879, p. 61 ( digitized version ).
  27. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Results of the census of December 1, 1880. Issue 35 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1882, p. 173 ( digitized version ).
  28. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1093 ( digitized version ).
  29. ^ A b c d e f g h i Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 164 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  30. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1157 ( digitized version ).
  31. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1195 ( digitized version ).
  32. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1023 ( digitized version ).
  33. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 170 ( digitized version ).
  34. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 329 ( digitized version ).
  35. ↑ Statistics of the population in the districts. ( Memento from September 8, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) at: neuendettelsau.eu
  36. ↑ Manfred Jehle: Church conditions and religious institutions on the upper Altmühl, Rezat and Bibert: Monasteries, parishes and Jewish communities in the Altlandkreis Ansbach in the Middle Ages and in the modern era (=  Middle Franconian Studies . Volume 20 ). Historical Association for Middle Franconia, Ansbach 2009, ISBN 978-3-87707-771-9 , p. 174 .