Bernolákovo

Bernolákovo (until 1927 Slovak "Čeklýs", 1927-1948 "Čeklís"; German Lanschütz , Hungarian Cseklész ) is a municipality in western Slovakia with 8194 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) and is one of the largest non-urban municipalities in Slovakia. It is part of Okres Senec , part of Bratislavský kraj .

geography

View of the castle

The municipality is located in the western part of the Slovak Danube lowlands on both sides of the Čierna voda river and not far from the Little Danube . The town center is at an altitude of 140 m nm and is eight kilometers from Senec and about 18 kilometers from the city center of Bratislava .

Neighboring municipalities are Chorvátsky Grob in the north, Veľký Biel in the northeast, Nová Dedinka in the southeast, Tomášov and Malinovo in the south and Ivanka pri Dunaji in the west.

history

Ruins of the old castle

The oldest archaeological finds in today's municipal area date from the Neolithic and Bronze Ages . An Avar-Slavic burial site dates from the 8th century.

Today's place was first mentioned in writing as Ceki in 1209 , when Sebes , son of the Neutra team Tamás , received the place from Andreas II and later became the founder of the family of the Counts of St. Georgen and Bösing . In the 13th century, in addition to the Cheki settlement, there was also the Lužnica settlement , which became Luensnicz (1313) in the course of the German colonization and finally became Lanschütz through several intermediate stages . 1290 are vineyards mentioned in 1324 (as Castrum Chekles then on the hill) Várdomb standing castle Lanschütz , but largely lost in the 15th century its function. The parish and the church dedicated to St. Stephen date from the 14th century. After the castle fell, the village became part of the Schintau rulership in the 16th century .

Lanschütz received its first market rights in 1532, but it only became a town in the 17th century. In the course of the Turkish wars and the Hungarian uprisings against the Habsburgs , Lanschütz was largely destroyed at the beginning of the 18th century.

The baroque palace was built by Jakob Fellner between 1714 and 1722 on behalf of the Esterházy family . In 1715 the town had 72 taxpayers and two mills. In 1766, on the occasion of Maria Theresa, a linen manufacture was founded in the village , which employed between 100 and 150 people in its heyday. The last mentions are from 1792, after which the factory had to cease operations. From the 18th century there was a station for stagecoach traffic between Pressburg and Blatné . In 1828 there were 267 houses and 1803 inhabitants, the Lanschütz manor, which was rebuilt in 1817, ran a large sheep farm.

Until 1918, the place in Pressburg County belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary and then came to Czechoslovakia or now Slovakia. In 1922 and 1923, the Esterházy land was parceled out, and the place, now called Čeklís , grew rapidly, so that by the end of the 1930s it had around 5,000 inhabitants. As a result of the First Vienna Arbitral Award , the place came back to Hungary on October 10, 1938 , but on March 14, 1939, the day the Slovak State was established , this was reversed in the case of Čeklís .

In 1948, the town was renamed Bernolákovo for national policy reasons in honor of the Slovak philologist and priest Anton Bernolák , who worked in the local parish from 1787 to 1791. It was no longer renamed Krasnodar.

population

Annakapelle in the castle park

According to the 2011 census, Bernolákovo had 5,385 inhabitants, 5092 of whom were Slovaks , 35 Czechs , 30 Magyars , 12 Ukrainians , 8 Bulgarians , 5 Germans , Moravians and Russians , 2 Jews and Poles each, and 1 Croat , Rome , Russian and Serb . 31 residents indicated another ethnic group and 154 residents gave no information about the ethnic group.

3,040 residents supported the Roman Catholic Church , 298 residents the Evangelical Church AB , 45 residents the Apostolic Church, 24 residents the Orthodox Church , 20 residents each for the Evangelical Methodist Church and the Greek Catholic Church and 17 residents each for the Seventh Day Adventists and the Pentecostal Movement; a total of 67 residents professed a different denomination. 1193 inhabitants had no denomination and the denomination of 487 inhabitants was not determined.

Buildings and monuments

Anton Bernolák monument

Roman Catholic St. Stephen's Church from the 14th century, originally Gothic, redesigned in 1764 and 1773 and expanded in the 20th century
Esterházy castle in the baroque style from the years 1714–22, renovated in 1911 after a fire and repaired in 1948–49
Annakapelle in baroque style from 1724, located in the castle park
Pillory not far from the 18th century church
Anton Bernolák monument from 1937
See also: List of listed objects in Bernolákovo

Sports

To the west of the village, in the area of the castle park and not far from the river Čierna voda, there is an 18-hole golf course. The municipality operates a sports area, which is called Športový areál Jána Popluhára in Slovak in honor of Ján Popluhár . The ŠK Bernolákovo football club and the ŠK Vatek sports club are based in the village .

Infrastructure and traffic

The community operates a kindergarten, two elementary schools (one each for grades 1–4 and 5–9) and an elementary arts school. Since 1952 there has been a subject-specific secondary school specializing in agriculture and technology.

On the outskirts of Bernolákovo, 1st order road 61 runs between Bratislava and Senec. In addition, there are connections to Chorvátsky Grob, Ivanka pri Dunaji and Nová Dedinka, each via 3rd order roads. A direct connection to the D1 motorway is under construction and should be completed in 2020.

The municipality has a stop on the Bratislava – Budapest railway line and several pairs of local trains stop daily. Connections to express, EC and IC trains are 18 kilometers away in Bratislava hl. st. available.

It is about 12 kilometers to the terminal of Bratislava Airport .

Personalities

Odilo Globocnik (1904–1945), SS war criminal, lived with his family in the village for a while as a child
Jozef Kuchár (1928–2009), Slovak singer and actor
Ján Popluhár (1935–2011), Slovak football player
Laco Déczi (* 1938), jazz musician
Tibor Jančula (* 1969), Slovak football player
Veronika Klechová (* 1989), Slovak football player

Individual evidence

↑ Results of the 2011 census (Slovak)

Web links

Commons : Bernolákovo - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Entry on e-obce.sk (Slovak)

[1] Results of the 2011 census (Slovak)