Contract League Berlin

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Contract League Berlin
Territory of the contract league Berlin
Association Association of Berlin Ball Game Clubs
First edition 1946 (as city ​​league )
Last game day 1963

The contract league Berlin (until 1950 Stadtliga Berlin ) was between 1946 and 1963 one of the five highest divisions (elsewhere upper leagues ) in West German football . By 1950, played there both West - and East - Berlin football teams, after the politically enforced transfer of the team from the East Berlin in the GDR football only West Berlin clubs. After the introduction of the Bundesliga in 1963, the contract league Berlin was converted into a regional league like the four other major leagues . It was not until 1974 that a Berlin upper league was founded again with the amateur upper league Berlin as the substructure of the 2nd Bundesliga . It existed until 1991 and was then transferred to the Oberliga Nordost .

1945–1963: history as the top division

1945: Reorganization of Berlin football

After the end of the Second World War and the complete occupation of Germany by the Allies , the Sportgaue and its league operations - insofar as it was still taking place - and the existing sports clubs were dissolved by the Allied Control Council in December 1945 , as they were viewed as part of the National Socialist system of power. The clubs were allowed to re-establish themselves according to the same directive, as well as associations at district level, but only as “non-military sports organizations with a local character” .

Already before that, in November, in the American occupation zone in the newly founded Oberliga Süd the game operations were resumed, in January 1946 the later so-called Oberliga Südwest followed in the French occupation zone .

In contrast , the four-power city ​​administration in Berlin initially decided against club - bound sport. Municipal sports groups (SGen) were allowed within the districts, although the footballers were only allowed to play in a SG in the district in which they were registered in the first year. This was relaxed from 1946, but it was not until the summer of 1947 that the Allied Command offered the prospect of re-admission and licensing of the clubs, which then dragged on for another one and a half to two years.

In truth, one or more former football clubs were hiding behind some SGs. B. the SG Gesundbrunnen a collecting basin for former players from Hertha BSC and North-Northwest or the SG Charlottenburg for the former players from Tennis Borussia Berlin . But elsewhere, for example in the Tempelhof district or the city ​​center , the assignments were less clear. Only in the city league season 1949/50 were only clubs at the start again.

1945/46: qualifying round

The first Berlin post-war championship began in 1945. First, the squadrons were regionally divided into four sections (north, east, south and west) and, if necessary, into two sections within the sections (depending on the size of the section). The individual winners of the respective sections were to be determined by May 1946, in order to then play off the Berlin soccer champions in June 1946 . Due to the division according to geographical aspects and not according to sporting strength, the individual leagues quickly achieved relatively high game results. Therefore, the mode was revised in December 1945. The best 36 of the 67 syndicates that had taken part in the games by then were divided into four seasons (nine teams each) with the aim of forming seasons of roughly equal strength. The strong sections north and east made up twelve teams each, the two weaker sections south and west only six teams each.

The four preliminary round seasons served not only to determine the relay winner but also as qualifying rounds for the single-track Berlin City League from the 1946/47 season . The three best teams in each group qualified for the new league. The relay winners finally reached the final round, which SG Wilmersdorf won.

1946–50: Founding of the City League and separation of the Eastern teams

From the 1946/47 season, the single-track Berlin City League started with twelve teams. Master was SG Charlottenburg . Under the city league, the three promoted to the city league were initially determined in four seasons (eleven teams each) of the 1st league class. From the following season, the number of seasons was reduced to three. So every master of his squadron rose directly to the city league.

With the re-staging of the German championship in 1947/48 , the Berlin champion was also able to qualify for the German championship finals. In the first year this was the SG Oberschöneweide . With the (one-off) increase in the number of final round participants to 16 in the 1949/50 season , even the runner-up was eligible to participate. Again this was the team from Oberschöneweide. However, the division of Germany through the establishment of the two states FRG and GDR and the resulting political tensions between East and West prevented the East Berlin club Union Oberschöneweide from traveling to West Germany for the championship game against Hamburger SV in Kiel . The team did this but then, most of the players left the club in West Berlin the SC Union 06 Berlin to found.

Before the beginning of the 1950/51 season, all East Berlin football teams were withdrawn from the joint game operations of the city league and the lower classes and - where first class - integrated into the GDR upper league founded in 1949 . The main reason for this was that the Association of Berliner Ballspielvereine (VBB) introduced contract player status based on the West German model (i.e. the payment of players and thus a first, still weakened form of professional football ) for the city league. This was out of the question for the East Berlin clubs. Thus, the city league was now the top division only for the western part of Berlin. With the withdrawal of the GDR teams in their own championship, the number of participants in the championship finals of the DFB was again limited to eight, which meant that, as before, only the Berlin champions were allowed to travel to the finals.

1950–63: Contract League Berlin until dissolution

Through the introduction of the contract player status in West Berlin, the city league was renamed the contract league and the single-track amateur league was created as a substructure. Despite these measures, Berlin football did not play a decisive role at the federal level at this time, so that the Berlin champions regularly took the last place in their championship group. With the decision to introduce the Bundesliga for the 1963/64 season, it was announced that the Berlin Oberliga should only get one starting place in the new Bundesliga. Three teams from Berlin competed for the starting place: Hertha BSC , SC Tasmania 1900 Berlin and BFC Viktoria 1889 . Ultimately, Hertha, which was able to take first place in the contract league last season, won the bid, which led to violent protests, especially at Tasmania. Tasmania Berlin accused Hertha BSC of falsifying accounts. Most of the remaining teams qualified for the newly named Regionalliga Berlin , two had to relegate, including Viktoria 89 after a lost relegation.

master

1963-1974

1974–91: History as the third highest division

When the regional leagues in German football as the second highest division were replaced by the 2nd Bundesliga in the 1974/75 season , the amateur leagues became the third highest German division. There were exceptions in the north and in Berlin. The Oberliga Nord and Oberliga Berlin were introduced here instead of the old regional leagues. The Regionalliga Berlin was simply transferred to the corresponding amateur league. From 1974 onwards, the Oberliga Berlin was the top division in Berlin, while the amateur league has now become the second highest division in Berlin. When the top leagues were introduced in the entire area of ​​the DFB in 1978, the amateur league was renamed the state league .

A special mode was used to qualify for the Oberliga Berlin: The teams in places three to ten of the Regionalliga Berlin and one to eight of the Berlin Amateur League were directly qualified, while the remaining two places in relegation games of the eleventh and twelfth of the Regionalliga against the Tenth and ninth of the amateur league were awarded.

The new division initially consisted of 18 teams, including nine former regional league teams and nine successors from the now fourth-class Berlin amateur league. From the 1976/77 season only 16 teams were represented. The master took part in promotion games to the 2nd Bundesliga. At least two teams were relegated; if a Berlin team was relegated from the second division and another Berlin team did not succeed in promotion, a third team had to be relegated.

After reunification , the league stopped playing at the end of the 1990/91 season, and the teams switched to the Northeast Football League .

master

Promoted to the 2nd Bundesliga are marked with (A).

The ten best of the eternal table of the Oberliga Berlin 1974-1991

Rg. society Years Games Gates Tor quotient Points Points Ø current league (season 2019/20)
1. Hertha Zehlendorf 17th 522 1207: 643 1,877 695: 349 1.33 Oberliga Nordost Staffel Nord
2. Reinickendorfer foxes 17th 522 1039: 767 1.355 622: 422 1.19 Berlin League
3. BFC Prussia 16 488 0871: 673 1.294 553: 423 1.13 Landesliga Berlin 1st division
4th Spandauer SV 16 488 0890: 770 1.156 542: 434 1.11 Disbanded in 2014
5. Hertha BSC amateurs 14th 428 0714: 572 1.248 473: 383 1.10 Regionalliga Northeast
6th Spandauer BC 06 15th 454 0652: 792 0.823 414: 494 0.91 Landesliga Berlin 1st division
7th Tennis Borussia Berlin 09 274 0733: 276 2.656 409: 139 1.49 Oberliga Nordost Staffel Nord
8th. Rapide Wedding 16 492 0645: 908 0.710 387: 597 0.79 District league A 1st division
9. Trotter FC Mariendorf 12 368 0608: 642 0.947 351: 385 0.95 District league A 2nd division
10.0 Lichterfelder SU 10 300 0601: 531 1,132 312: 288 1.04 Regionalliga Nordost as
FC Viktoria 1889 Berlin

As of the last matchday of the 1990/1991 season. In the 17 years of Oberliga Berlin , a total of 44 teams played there.

See also

literature

  • Michael Jahn: We're just not going home, the story of Hertha BSC Berlin . Verlag Die Werkstatt, Göttingen 2006, ISBN 3-89533-535-5 .
  • Jörn Luther, Frank Willmann: And never forget - Iron Union! BasisDruck Verlag, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-86163-106-7 .
  • Harald Tragmann, Harald Voss: The Union Statistics, A Club between East and West . 2nd Edition. Harald Voß Verlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-935759-09-6 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ J. Luther, F. Willmann: And never forget - Iron Union! 2000, p. 31.
  2. ↑ Cf. M. Jahn: Only we're not going home, The story of Hertha BSC Berlin. 2006, p. 69 ff.
  3. ↑ See H. Tragmann, H. Voss: Die Union Statistics, A Club between East and West. 2005, p. 40.
  4. ↑ See H. Tragmann, H. Voss: Die Union Statistics, A Club between East and West. 2006, p. 40 ff.
  5. ↑ See J. Luther, F. Willmann: And never forget - Iron Union! 2000, p. 34 f.
  6. ↑ See H. Tragmann, H. Voss: Die Union Statistics, A Club between East and West. 2005, p. 46.
  7. ↑ Cf. M. Jahn: Only we're not going home, The story of Hertha BSC Berlin. 2006, p. 88 ff.

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