Gauliga (soccer)

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Gauliga
Logo of the GauligaTemplate: Infobox football competition / maintenance / logo format
abbreviation gau
Association NSRL , DFB
First edition 1933
hierarchy 1st League
Record champions FC Schalke 04 (6 wins)

Gauliga (from 1939 to 1942 sports division ) was the name of the top division of German league football from 1933 to 1945. With it, a uniform top division was introduced in the German Reich for the first time . It took the place of various regional championships that were no longer held.

history

The term Gau to designate the area of ​​a football league was used in some regional associations, especially in the league structure of the Association of Central German Ball Game Clubs , even before 1933. The name "Gauliga" corresponded to the 16 sports districts formed in 1933. It was abolished again in the course of the 1939/40 season and replaced by "sports area class". This happened against the background that the Reichsbund for physical exercises had been subordinate to the party as NSRL since 1938 and the territorial boundaries of several sports districts did not correspond to those of the party districts.

In the game year 1931/32 there were still 55 regional leagues in the German Reich under different names - such as B. District league and Gauliga - with first division status. In 1932, the President of the DFB , Felix Linnemann , called for the introduction of a "Reichsliga" in which the best clubs should play the German champions . At the DFB Bundestag on October 16, 1932, corresponding plans were presented and approved in principle; An exact regulation, which was supposed to be made in the spring of 1933, was no longer possible because the National Socialists came to power .

From 1933 the football championship was fundamentally reorganized. At the beginning of the game year 1933/34, 16 Gauligen represented the highest level of performance in German football.

League structure

The winners of the individual Gauligen determined the German champions in a final round. For this purpose, they were initially divided into four groups of four teams, each of which competed against each other in the first and second leg. The first placed then contested the semi-finals and the final in neutral places, from 1936 also a game for third place. During the Second World War , the mode was adjusted.

The original football districts were (in brackets the approximate number of football clubs in the district in 1933 / and 1937)

The Gau classification in 1933
  1. East Prussia (200/250), divided into two seasons
  2. Pomerania (400/426), divided into two seasons
  3. Berlin-Brandenburg (700/699)
  4. Silesia (450/464)
  5. Saxony (700/602)
  6. Middle (950/985)
  7. Nordmark (350/372)
  8. Lower Saxony (750/829)
  9. Westphalia (850/884)
  10. Lower Rhine (850/851)
  11. Middle Rhine (600/646)
  12. Hesse (600/610)
  13. Southwest (750/766)
  14. Bathing (550/562)
  15. Württemberg (600/543)
  16. Bavaria (950/1025)

After Austria and the Sudetenland were annexed to the German Reich, two more Gauligen were added in 1938.

In the course of the Second World War, new Gauligen were founded in the areas attached to the German Reich. As a result, the following Gauligen emerged.

In the further course of the war, the organization of further trips away from home became more and more difficult, which was due, among other things, to the war-related shortage of fuel and the lack of transport options. Therefore one subdivided the larger Gaue again, there were

Other districts were also divided into several relays, the winners of which, however, determined the Gaumeister among themselves before the championship finals.

Ultimately, the number of participants in the finals rose to 31. From 1942, therefore, the master was determined in the knockout system even without group matches . The opponents were not assigned to one another by lot, but according to geographical criteria.

Championship finals

year master finalist Result date Venue Stadion
1934 FC Schalke 04 1. FC Nuremberg 2: 1 June 24, 1934 Berlin Post Stadium
1935 FC Schalke 04 VfB Stuttgart 6: 4 June 23, 1935 Cologne Müngersdorfer Stadium
1936 1. FC Nuremberg Fortuna Dusseldorf 2: 1 a.d. June 21, 1936 Berlin Post Stadium
1937 FC Schalke 04 1. FC Nuremberg 2-0 June 20, 1937 Berlin Olympic Stadium
1938 Hannover 96 FC Schalke 04 3: 3 a.d.
4: 3 a.d.		 June 26, 1938
July 3, 1938		 Berlin
Berlin		 Olympiastadion
Olympiastadion
1939 FC Schalke 04 Admira Vienna 9-0 June 18, 1939 Berlin Olympic Stadium
1940 FC Schalke 04 Dresdner SC 1-0 July 21, 1940 Berlin Olympic Stadium
1941 Rapid Vienna FC Schalke 04 4: 3 June 22, 1941 Berlin Olympic Stadium
1942 FC Schalke 04 First Vienna FC 2-0 July 5, 1942 Berlin Olympic Stadium
1943 Dresdner SC FV Saarbrücken 3-0 June 27, 1943 Berlin Olympic Stadium
1944 Dresdner SC LSV Hamburg 4-0 June 18, 1944 Berlin Olympic Stadium
1945 prematurely canceled (World War II)

Overview of all Gaumeister

(in brackets the placements in the DM finals from the semi-finals)

East Prussia Nordmark Hesse
1934 Prussia Danzig 1934 Eimsbüttel TV 1934 Borussia Fulda
1935 Yorck Boyen Insterburg 1935 Eimsbüttel TV 1935 FC Hanau 93
1936 SV Hindenburg Allenstein 1936 Eimsbüttel TV 1936 FC Hanau 93
1937 SV Hindenburg Allenstein 1937 Hamburger SV (4th) 1937 Spielverein 06 Kassel
1938 Yorck Boyen Insterburg 1938 Hamburger SV (4th) 1938 FC Hanau 93
1939 SV Hindenburg Allenstein 1939 Hamburger SV (4th) 1939 CSC 03 Kassel
1940 VfB Koenigsberg 1940 Eimsbüttel TV 1940 CSC 03 Kassel
1941 VfB Koenigsberg 1941 Hamburger SV 1941 Borussia Fulda
1942 VfB Koenigsberg 1942 Eimsbüttel TV
1943 VfB Koenigsberg Kurhessen
1944 VfB Koenigsberg Hamburg 1942 Borussia Fulda
1943 SC Victoria Hamburg 1943 Spielverein 06 Kassel
Gdansk West Prussia 1944 Luftwaffe SV Hamburg (2.) 1944 Borussia Fulda
1941 Prussia Danzig 1945 Hamburger SV
1942 HUS Marienwerder southwest
1943 SV Neufahrwasser Mecklenburg 1934 Kickers Offenbach
1944 LSV Danzig 1943 TSG Rostock 1935 FC Phoenix Ludwigshafen
1944 Air Force SV Rerik 1936 Wormatia worms
Wartheland 1937 Wormatia worms
1942 OrPo Litzmannstadt Schleswig-Holstein 1938 Eintracht Frankfurt
1943 DMW poses 1943 Holstein Kiel (3rd) 1939 Wormatia worms
1944 SDW poses 1944 Holstein Kiel 1940 Kickers Offenbach
1941 Kickers Offenbach
General Government Lower Saxony
1942 LSV Boelcke Krakow 1934 Werder Bremen Westmark
1943 LSV Adler Deblin 1935 Hannover 96 1942 1. FC Kaiserslautern
1944 LSV Mölders Krakow 1936 Werder Bremen 1943 FV Saarbrücken (2.)
1937 Werder Bremen 1944 KSG Saarbrücken
Pomerania 1938 Hanover 96 (1.) from FV Saarbrücken
1934 Viktoria Stolp 1939 VfL Osnabrück and SC 07 Altenkessel
1935 Stettiner SC 1940 VfL Osnabrück
1936 Viktoria Stolp 1941 Hannover 96 Hessen-Nassau
1937 Viktoria Stolp 1942 Werder Bremen 1942 Kickers Offenbach (4.)
1938 Stettiner SC 1943 Kickers Offenbach
1939 Viktoria Stolp Weser-Ems 1944 Kickers Offenbach
1940 VfL Stettin 1943 Wilhelmshaven 05
1941 Air Force SV Stettin 1944 Wilhelmshaven 05 to bathe
1942 Luftwaffe SV Pütnitz 1934 SV 07 Waldhof (HF)
1943 Luftwaffe SV Pütnitz South Hanover-BS 1935 VfR Mannheim
1944 HSV Groß Born (4th) 1943 Eintracht Braunschweig 1936 SV 07 Waldhof
1944 Eintracht Braunschweig 1937 SV 07 Waldhof
Berlin-Brandenburg 1938 VfR Mannheim
1934 BFC Viktoria 1889 (HF) East Hanover 1939 VfR Mannheim
1935 Hertha BSC 1944 WSV Nebeltruppe Celle 1940 SV 07 Waldhof (4th)
1936 Berliner SV 92 1941 VfL Neckarau
1937 Hertha BSC Westphalia 1942 SV 07 Waldhof
1938 Berliner SV 92 1934 FC Schalke 04 (1st) 1943 VfR Mannheim
1939 Blue-White 90 Berlin 1935 FC Schalke 04 (1st) 1944 VfR Mannheim
1940 Union Oberschöneweide 1936 FC Schalke 04 (3rd) 1945 SV 07 Waldhof
1941 Tennis Borussia Berlin 1937 FC Schalke 04 (1st)
1942 Blue-White 90 Berlin (3.) 1938 FC Schalke 04 (2nd) Alsace
1943 Berliner SV 92 1939 FC Schalke 04 (1st) 1941 FC 93 Mulhouse
1944 Hertha BSC 1940 FC Schalke 04 (1st) 1942 SG SS Strasbourg
1941 FC Schalke 04 (2nd) 1943 FC 93 Mulhouse
Silesia 1942 FC Schalke 04 (1st) 1944 FC 93 Mulhouse
1934 Beuthener SuSV 09 1943 FC Schalke 04
1935 Forward lawn sport Gleiwitz 1944 FC Schalke 04 Württemberg
1936 Forward lawn sport Gleiwitz (4th) 1934 Union Böckingen
1937 Beuthener SuSV 09 Lower Rhine 1935 VfB Stuttgart (2nd)
1938 Forward lawn sport Gleiwitz 1934 VfL Benrath 1936 Stuttgart Kickers
1939 Forward lawn sport Gleiwitz 1935 VfL Benrath (HF) 1937 VfB Stuttgart (3rd)
1940 Forward lawn sport Gleiwitz 1936 Fortuna Düsseldorf (2.) 1938 VfB Stuttgart
1941 Forward lawn sport Gleiwitz 1937 Fortuna Dusseldorf 1939 Stuttgart Kickers
1938 Fortuna Düsseldorf (3rd) 1940 Stuttgart Kickers
Upper Silesia 1939 Fortuna Dusseldorf 1941 Stuttgart Kickers
1942 Germania Koenigshütte 1940 Fortuna Dusseldorf 1942 Stuttgart Kickers
1943 Germania Koenigshütte 1941 TuS Helene Altenessen 1943 VfB Stuttgart, Stuttgarter Kickers
1944 Germania Koenigshütte 1942 Hamborn 07 point and goal difference equal
1943 West end of Hamborn 1944 SV Goeppingen
Lower Silesia 1944 KSG Duisburg
1942 Breslauer SpVg 02 from Duisburger SpV Bavaria
1943 LSV Reinecke Brieg and TuS Duisburg 48/99 1934 1. FC Nuremberg (2nd)
1944 STC Hirschberg 1935 SpVgg Fürth
Middle Rhine 1936 1. FC Nuremberg (1.)
center 1934 Mülheimer SV 06 1937 1. FC Nuremberg (2nd)
1934 Wacker Hall 1935 VfR Cologne 04 rrh. 1938 1. FC Nuremberg
1935 1. SV Jena 1936 Cologne CfR 1939 1. FC Schweinfurt 05
1936 1. SV Jena 1937 VfR Cologne 04 rrh. 1940 1. FC Nuremberg
1937 SV Dessau 05 1938 SV Beuel 06 1941 TSV 1860 Munich
1938 SV Dessau 05 1939 SpVgg Sülz 07 1942 FC Schweinfurt 05
1939 SV Dessau 05 1940 Mülheimer SV 06
1940 1. SV Jena 1941 VfL Cologne 1899 (4.) Northern Bavaria
1941 1. SV Jena 1942 VfL Cologne 1899 1943 1. FC Nuremberg
1942 SV Dessau 05 1944 1. FC Nuremberg (3rd)
1943 SV Dessau 05 Cologne-Aachen
1944 SV Dessau 05 1943 SV Victoria Cologne Southern Bavaria
1944 War syndicate 1943 TSV 1860 Munich
Saxony from VfL Cologne 1899 1944 FC Bayern Munich
1934 Dresdner SC and SpVgg Sülz 07 1945 FC Bayern Munich
1935 PSV Chemnitz (HF)
1936 PSV Chemnitz Moselle country Ostmark
1937 BC Hartha 1942 FV City of Dudelange 1939 Admira Vienna (2.)
1938 BC Hartha 1943 TuS Neuendorf 1940 SK Rapid Vienna (3rd)
1939 Dresdner SC (3rd) 1944 TuS Neuendorf 1941 Rapid Vienna (1.)
1940 Dresdner SC (2.) 1942 Vienna Vienna (2.)
1941 Dresdner SC (3rd) 1943 Vienna Vienna (4.)
1942 Planitzer SC 1944 Vienna Vienna
1943 Dresdner SC (1st)
1944 Dresdner SC (1st) Sudetenland
1939 Warnsdorfer FK
1940 NSTG Graslitz
1941 NSTG Prague
1942 LSV Olomouc
1943 MSV Brno
1944 NSTG Brüx
Bohemia-Moravia
1944 MSV Brno

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ z. B. Nordmark from January 1, 1940 according to the district ordinance sheet of December 21, 1939, page 2
  2. ↑ The term "Gaue" could henceforth be used for the former districts of Schleswig-Holstein, Greater Hamburg and Mecklenburg, which were abolished in 1936 and which emerged again as subdivisions of the Nordmark (Gauverordnungsblatt dated December 21, 1939, page 2).
  3. ↑ Dinant Abbink: Germany - Championships 1902-1945. on the website of The Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. January 17, 2008.
  4. ↑ after Hardy Green : Encyclopedia of German League Football. Volume 1: From the Crown Prince to the Bundesliga. 1890 to 1963. German championship, Gauliga, Oberliga. Numbers, pictures, stories. Agon-Sportverlag, Kassel 1996, ISBN 3-928562-85-1 , p. 126.
  5. ^ Andreas Ebner: When the war ate football: The history of the Gauliga Baden 1933-1945. Verlag Regionalkultur , 2016, ISBN 978-3-89735-879-9 , p. 128 .