GDR Oberliga (football)

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GDR football league
Logo of the DFVTemplate: Infobox football competition / maintenance / logo format
Association German Football Association
hierarchy 1st League
Teams 14th
Record champions Berliner FC Dynamo (10 wins)
Record player Eberhard Vogel (440)
Record scorer Joachim Streich (229)
Qualification for European Champion
Clubs' Cup UEFA Cup

The GDR Oberliga was the top division in the GDR's football game and determined the GDR champions . It began in 1949 as the major league of the German Sports Committee (DS-Liga) and ended in 1991 as the major league of the Northeast German Football Association (NOFV-Oberliga).

founding

After football championships in the east zone had already taken place in 1948 and 1949, the German Sports Committee founded a central football league for the Soviet zone of occupation in the summer of 1949 , which initially began playing under the name of the Eastern Zone League and was called the DS League from November 1949 . The champions and runners-up from the five eastern zonal states of Mecklenburg , Brandenburg , Saxony-Anhalt , Saxony and Thuringia had qualified for the first season in 1949/50 . The Berlin national champion played in the final round of the German championship . It was not until the 1950/51 season that all East Berlin clubs were integrated into the German Sports Committee of the GDR. Saxony with many strong teams got an additional third place on the grid. The league was completed by the three best teams of the FDGB Cup of 1949 . These were the cup winner Waggonbau Dessau , the cup finalist Gera Süd and the ZSG Horch Zwickau as the winner of the duel for third place, with Zwickau only prevailing against the BSG Carl Zeiss Jena after two draws in the second replay.

So the zone league finally started with the following 14 teams:

The GDR was founded during the current season , so that at the end of the season Horch Zwickau, the first GDR football champion, was celebrated. After the national leagues served as the substructure of the DS-League in 1949/50, the GDR league was established as the second division in GDR football from the 1950/51 season . The first division was now called the Oberliga. In the West German media were to delineate the DFB - Oberligen dubbed as zone or DDR-Oberliga.

Political Influences

In the following years, the league came under massive political and political influence. For the 1950/51 season, the three East Berlin teams SG Union Oberschöneweide , VfB Pankow and SC Lichtenberg 47 were withdrawn from the overall Berlin city league and incorporated into the GDR Oberliga, breaking their four-power status . In 1951/52 the upper league was inflated to 19 teams, because the new sports club of the army sports association Vorwärts had to get a first division place with SV Vorwärts Leipzig and the actually relegated VfB Pankow should remain in the upper league for reasons of Berlin policy. The runner-up SG Dresden-Friedrichstadt had already been dissolved in 1950 for political reasons - following spectator riots; there was one less relegated team, on top of that the newly formed team of the Police Sports Association VP Dresden was added as an additional 18th team. After BSG Motor (formerly Union) Oberschöneweide was the last Berlin team to be relegated from the league in 1953, SV Vorwärts Leipzig was initially relocated to Berlin, and in 1954 Dynamo Dresden had to move to Berlin. In the same year, at the instigation of Rostock officials, the top division team of BSG Empor Lauter was transplanted from the Erzgebirge to the Baltic Sea port city of SC Empor .

Structural changes

Formation of sports clubs

Also in 1954, numerous league teams changed their names, and company sports associations became sports clubs :

Change to calendar year rhythm

After the league had reached its final number of participants in the 1954/55 season with 14 teams, the Football Committee of the German Sports Committee again came up with a profound innovation. According to the political model of the Soviet Union , from 1956 GDR football had to be played according to the calendar year rhythm. For this purpose, a transition round with 13 match days was inserted in the fall of 1955, in which there was no master and no relegated team.

While no team succeeded in establishing itself as a top team in the long term until 1955, clubs emerged from 1956, first with SC Wismut Karl-Marx-Stadt and then with ASK Vorwärts Berlin , which dominated the league for the next few years. From 1958, the GDR Football Association (DFV), which was founded in that year, took over the organization of the league, which returned to the autumn-spring rhythm from 1961. The championship 1963/64 ended with the biggest surprise in the history of the league. In Leipzig, football had once again been reorganized, with the SC Leipzig to create a central football focus with the supposedly best players. The players from the previous Lok and Rotation clubs who were not eligible for support were assigned to BSG Chemie Leipzig . Completely surprising, however, was the so-called “rest of Leipzig” at the end of the season, GDR champions, while SC Leipzig only finished third.

Formation of football clubs

Since GDR football has only played a subordinate role internationally, there was another structural change at the turn of 1965/66. The following new football clubs were founded by outsourcing football sections from the sports clubs :

Subscription Master

From 1971, the teams of SG Dynamo Dresden and 1. FC Magdeburg dominated the league for almost a decade. By 1978 Dynamo was GDR champion five times and FCM three times. 1979 began the era of the MfS sponsored BFC Dynamo, which until 1988 won the championship ten times in a row. It was later discovered that manipulations by the referees also played a role. It is therefore not possible to definitively determine how many of its championship titles the BFC Dynamo has correctly won. The six-time champions of the 1950s and 1960s, ASK / FC Vorwärts Berlin, fell victim to the failed policy of the Vorwärts army sports association in the 1970s. This moved the club to Frankfurt (Oder) in 1971, three years after its last title win, with the result that the army footballers were relegated from the league for the first time in 1977 and finally in 1988. The last two regular league seasons 1988/89 and 1989/90 again ended the SG Dynamo Dresden as champions, which came to eight title wins.

completion

The major league season 1990/91 served next to the determination of the NOFV football champions mainly to qualify for the 1st and 2nd Bundesliga of the DFB. The champions were FC Hansa Rostock.

It qualified for the 1st Bundesliga

  • FC Hansa Rostock
  • 1. FC Dynamo Dresden

for the 2nd Bundesliga

  • FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt
  • Hallescher FC Chemie
  • Chemnitzer FC
  • FC Carl Zeiss Jena
  • 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig
  • BSV Stahl Brandenburg

Records

  • Record champions: BFC Dynamo (10)
  • Best point: FC Carl Zeiss Jena * (1097)
  • League games: BSG Wismut Aue * (1019)
  • Record players: Eberhard Vogel , FC Karl-Marx-Stadt / FC Carl Zeiss Jena (440)
  • Record scorer: Joachim Streich , Hansa Rostock / 1. FC Magdeburg (229)
  • Spectator average: 14.005 (1953/54)
  • Goals per game: 3.85 (1950/51)

* including predecessor

literature

See also

Web links

Commons : DDR-Oberliga  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

swell

  1. ↑ ronnysfanpage.de: Statistics for the 1949/50 season of the ZSG Industrie Leipzig
  2. ↑ Of these 14 top division clubs, 13 had joined a sponsoring company by the end of the season (or before) and had thus become company sports associations , which consistently entailed renewed name changes; the only exception was the “bourgeois” SG Friedrichstadt; see. ongoing reporting and final table in the Neue FuWo , born in 1950.