Categoria Superiore

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Categoria Superiore
Category Superiore logoTemplate: Infobox football competition / maintenance / logo format
Association Federata Shqiptare e Futbollit
First edition 1930
hierarchy 1st League
Teams 10
master KF Tirana (25)
Record champions KF Tirana (25)
Current season 2020/21
Qualification for UEFA Champions League
UEFA Europa League
↓ategoria e parë (II)

Ategoria Superiore is the highest Albanian league in football , hosted by the Federata Shqiptare e Futbollit . Until 1998 it was calledategoria e Parë , subsequently it was also called Kampionati Shqiptar ( German  Albanian championship ) and Superliga .

history

With the help of the Greek Football Association EPO, the first season in the Albanian league was held in 1930 under the nameype e Parë . Since 1931 the Albanian Association has been solely responsible. Before the Second World War, SK Tirana dominated the league and won six out of seven possible titles by 1937. It was only in 1933 that KS Skënderbeu Korça managed to break the dominance of the capital city club for a year. There was no championship in 1935 and during World War II . During the war, however, unofficial championships were held in 1939, 1940 and 1941, of which SK Tirana won two, the third in 1940 was won by KS Vllaznia Shkodra . The mode and the number of participating teams was changed initially every year. Six teams took part in the first championship in 1930 , this number had increased to ten clubs by 1937. In 1931 and at the unofficial championships in 1939 and 1940, the league was even divided into two groups, the winners of which fought for the title in finals. In 1942 there were even three groups.

Official gaming operations after the war were restarted in 1945. The teams were divided into groups three times up to 1949, the winners of which determined the champions in final games, twice they were only played in one season. Vllaznia Shkodra won the first two championships after the war. The emerging dominance of Vllaznia was stopped by the newcomer FK Partizani Tirana , who won the title three times in a row from 1947. The number of participants continued to fluctuate between nine and fourteen. In 1948 the Albanian federation decided to set the championship dates from spring to autumn based on the western model, but the decision was reversed due to pressure from the Soviet side and the series that had already started in autumn 1948 was canceled after six match days and restarted in spring 1949.

Between 1947 and 1949 the traditional associations had to be dissolved, only the police and army associations (e.g. KS Dinamo Tirana and KS Partizani Tirana) were allowed to remain. Since there were no more clubs (the first division teams appeared as city selections), there were no club names in those years.

In the following years the number of participating clubs varied from season to season. In 1952 , theategoria e Parë with 21 teams even reached the largest number of participants of all time. Furthermore, the mode of execution was changed again and again, so a championship and a relegation round were set up in 1950 , in 1952 the league played in a preliminary round made up of three groups, from which participants qualified for a final round. It was not until 1953 that one stayed permanently with a regular season with a round trip to determine the champions. In addition, the number of promoters and relegators changed from year to year.

From a sporting point of view, a new club played a decisive role in the awarding of the title from 1950 : Dinamo Tirana . From the first season in the league, Dinamo and player- coach Zihni Gjinali succeeded in defeating local rivals Partizani Tirana four times in a row - only just barely - until Partizani was finally successful again in 1954 and was able to win the fourth championship title in club history. One of the best Albanian goalscorers of all time played for Partizani in the 1950s: Refik Resmja was the league's top scorer eight times. In 1951 Resmja scored 59 goals in 23 games - making him the most successful player in the Albanian league of all time in one season. With his average goal of 2.57 this season, Resmja is according to the statistics of the IFFHS the most dangerous goal-scoring player in a season in the whole world.

From 1957 the number of participants stabilized and was eight teams for three seasons, then the league was increased to ten teams again. The 1961 season was the last for the time being to take place in the calendar year. Because the Soviet influence on Albania had declined sharply, the national football association was able to switch to the multi-year game rhythm from autumn to spring for 1962/63 - unlike in 1948. In 1962 there was no play for half a year due to the change. From 1958 , the clubs that had adopted the club name "Puna" (Eng. Work) in the early 1950s renamed themselves back to their old names.

Until that happened, Partizani and Dinamo Tirana continued to alternate as masters. In 1955 and the following year, Dinamo was able to triumph. But in the three following seasons Partizani was at the top and became the sole Albanian record champion with seven titles. In 1958 and 1959 Dinamo only landed fourth and third place respectively until it won the title again in 1960 with the new coach Zyber Konci . There was a particularly close battle for the championship in 1961 : after the end of regular time, Partizani and Dinamo were tied at the top of the table, and the direct comparison was also a draw. Therefore, a play-off match had to be played for a decision. After two overtimes it was 1-1 there too, so the game had to be repeated. In this too, a decision was made only in the third extension, Partizani won 1-0 and had the honor of representing Albania as the first club in the European Cup . From 1965/66 , however, the Albanian champions did not appear in the European championship three times in a row.

Partizani was again ahead of Dinamo in the first two multi-year seasons. But then suddenly 17 Nëntori Tirana , the dominator from the early days of the league, attacked again. After a sixth place in the previous season, the club became champions for the first time after the war in 1964/65 and defended the title the year after in the final against the tied Partizani. But in the following season, which was played within a year, i.e. from spring to autumn, an opaque decision by the national association prevented Nëntori from winning another title: After winning the derby against Partizani, both clubs were excluded for the rest of the round , their games that are still to be played and the derby they have already contested were rated 3-0 against them, so that Dinamo Tirana still won the title. The official reasons were an unfair style of play and a brutal pace of the two rivals in the direct duel, but the association probably made the decision due to pressure from the government, as the army club Dinamo had not been able to intervene in the championship fight in previous years. The incident is unique in Albanian sports history to this day.

In the following season, which was held again in the calendar year, but won again 17 Nëntori. Since 1969 the season has finally changed over to a year-long course.

17 Nëntori could not build on the four championships in five seasons in the following years. After the title of Partizani Tirana in 1970/71 , the regained Vllaznia Shkodra and Dinamo Tirana alternated at the top. From 1975 to 1977 Dinamo even triumphed three times in a row and closed with eleven titles to the record champions Partizani Tirana, which Partizani corrected again with the championship title 1978/79 . In addition, Dinamo striker Ilir Përnaska dominated the defensive ranks in the 1970s : from 1971 to 1976 he was top scorer six times in a row. Overall, however, the league was now much more open compared to the 1950s, which was the completely surprising runner-up championships of promoted KS Skënderbeu Korça and the former relegation candidate KS Luftëtari Gjirokastra , which crashed again in the following season, or the relegation of the top team KS Besa Kavaja documented. Skënderbeu even went straight back to the second division. In 1976/77, by the way, a championship and a relegation round were played after regular playing time, but this did not last.

From 1971/72 to 1976/77 Albania withdrew from the European Cup of National Champions, so that the master was denied participation in this competition. After 14 teams played in the league from 1968 on, the number of participants was temporarily reduced to twelve teams. After three seasons, the number was increased again in 1978/79 .

In 1998/99 16 clubs played for the championship. A year later the championship was reduced to 14 teams. From 2003/04 only ten teams were represented in the first division, until this number was increased again to twelve in the 2006/07 season and to 14 in the 2011/12 season . For the 2013/14 season , however, it was again reduced to twelve teams; in the following season 2014/15 only ten teams played. Korça managed to win the championship repeatedly from 2011. The series could only be stopped in 2017 by FK Kukësi . After KF Skënderbeu Korça became champion in 2018, FK Partizani Tirana won for the sixteenth time in 2019.

competition

The ten teams compete against each other four times in the course of a season. This means that each team has to play 36 games. The first in the table at the end of the season is national champion and starts qualifying for the Champions League . Second and third place in the table advance to the first qualifying round for the UEFA Europa League . The last two are relegated to the second Albanian leagueategoria e parë . The third league is calledategoria e dytë and has 25 participating teams that compete against each other in a northern and a southern group.

In the event of a tie, the direct comparison counts .

Current championship

Participants in the categories Superiore 2020/21

The 82nd season of the Superiore categories lasts from September 2020 to May 2021.

society logo city Stadion
KS Bylis Ballsh Logo Bylis Ballsh Ballsh Adush Muça Stadium
KS Teuta Durrës Logo Teuta Durrës Durrës Niko Dovana Stadium
KF Apolonia Fier Logo Apolonia Fier Fier Loni Papuçiu
KF Skënderbeu Korça Logo Skënderbeu Korça Korça Skënderbeu stadium
KS Kastrioti Kruja Logo Kastrioti Kruja Kruja Stadiumi Kastrioti
FK Kukësi Logo Kukësi Kukës Zeqir Ymeri Stadium
KF Laçi Logo Laçi Laç Laç Stadium
KS Vllaznia Shkodra Logo Vllaznia Shkodra Shkodra Loro Boriçi Stadium
FK Partizani Tirana Logo Partizani Tirana Tirana Selman Stërmasi Stadium
KF Tirana Logo KF Tirana Tirana Selman Stërmasi Stadium

Previous title holder

Record champions

rank society title Playing times 1
1. KF Tirana 25th 1930, 1931, 1932, 1934, 1936, 1937, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1970, 1982, 1985, 1988, 1989, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2003,
2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2020
2. KS Dinamo Tirana 18th 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1960, 1967, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1980, 1986, 1990, 2002, 2008, 2010
3. FK Partizani Tirana 16 1947, 1948, 1949, 1954, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1971, 1979, 1981, 1987, 1993, 2019
4th KS Vllaznia Shkodra 9 1945, 1946, 1972, 1974, 1978, 1983, 1992, 1998, 2001
5. KF Skënderbeu Korça 8th 1933, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018
6th KF Elbasani 2 1984, 2006
7th KS Flamurtari Vlora 1 1991
KS Teuta Durrës 1994
FK Kukësi 2017
1Only official championships are counted as titles. KF Tirana won an unofficial title twice (1939 and 1942), KS Vllaznia Shkodra once (1940).

development

  • 1930–1957: KF Tirana (1–6)
  • 1958: −0000KF Tirana / FK Partizani Tirana (6 each)
  • 1959–1969: FK Partizani Tirana (7–10)
  • 1970: −0000FK Partizani Tirana / KF Tirana (10 each)
  • 1971–1976: FK Partizani Tirana (11)
  • 1977–1978: FK Partizani Tirana / KS Dinamo Tirana (11 each)
  • 1979: −0000FK Partizani Tirana (12)
  • 1980: −0000FK Partizani Tirana / KS Dinamo Tirana (12 each)
  • 1981–1985: FK Partizani Tirana (13)
  • 1986: −0000FK Partizani Tirana / KS Dinamo Tirana (13 each)
  • 1987–1988: FK Partizani Tirana (14)
  • 1989: −0000FK Partizani Tirana / KF Tirana (14 each)
  • 1990–1992: FK Partizani Tirana / KF Tirana / KS Dinamo Tirana (14 each)
  • 1993–1994: FK Partizani Tirana (15)
  • 1995: −0000FK Partizani Tirana / KF Tirana (15 each)
  • 1996–2020: KF Tirana (16–25)

UEFA five-year ranking

Placement in the UEFA five-year ranking ( previous year's ranking in brackets ). The abbreviations CL and EL after the country coefficients indicate the number of representatives in the 2019/20 season of the Champions League and the Europa League .

Status: end of the European Cup season 2018/19

Quotes

“The quality of the league is low [...]. People are crazy about the Italian Serie A . The own championship is hardly followed. But they show a lot of passion for the national team. "

- Gianni De Biasi

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ RSSSF.com
  2. ↑ Giovanni Armillotta: ALBANIAN FOOTBALL NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIPS. In: RSSSF - The Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. 2010, accessed January 3, 2011 .
  3. ↑ KE vendos: Superliga, 14 ekipe në sezonin 2011-2012. In: KS Shkumbini. August 12, 2010, archived from the original on July 26, 2011 ; Retrieved June 8, 2011 (Albanian).
  4. ↑ UEFA rankings for club competitions. In: UEFA. Retrieved July 14, 2019 .
  5. ↑ Michele Coviello: "I want to create the impossible" . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . No. 210 , September 10, 2012 ( article on NZZonline ).