Garden city of Crengeldanz

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Village square in the garden city of Crengeldanz
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Garden city of Crengeldanz

The garden city of Crengeldanz is a 1913/1914 former factory settlement of the Westphalian tram in Witten , which consists of 38 fully slated half-timbered houses in the Bergisch style . Large gardens and a small square shape the village-like character of the settlement, which is now a listed building . In terms of formal aesthetics, the concept of the estate follows the ideals of the garden city movement developed at the beginning of the 20th century .

history

The Westphalian tram intended to move the operating personnel close to the tram depot Witten-Crengeldanz with a factory settlement . The working time of employees of the tram started or often ended before the start or after the end of the driving operation , so that the employees 'their' local transport could not take advantage and walk or bike had to move. In January 1913, the Westphalian tram approached the city of Witten with the desire to build a settlement near the Crengeldanz depot .

On May 14, 1913, the Westphalian tram and the city of Witten founded the Gartenstadt Crengeldanz GmbH . The city of Witten bought parts of the "Auf dem Felde" parcel near the Crengeldanz house and the Müllensiefen glass factory from the Dönhoff family and made the area available to the Gartenstadt Crengeldanz GmbH at cost price . The Westphalian Provincial Insurance Institute in Münster and the Westphalian Association for the Promotion of Small Housing Settlement took over the financing of the 75 residential units planned . The building construction department of the municipal construction office of the city of Witten was commissioned with planning and execution . The architect Banz , employed by the municipal building authority, was responsible for everything from urban planning to the execution drawings and construction management .

After the building permit had been issued by the police administration on September 1, 1913, it took just under five months before almost all buildings in the settlement could be occupied in January 1914. Only the house at Schottstrasse 32 (at that time Scharnhorststrasse ) was not granted building permission until March 2, 1914 after two planning changes. The Müllensiefen family was probably responsible for the planning changes, trying to prevent an insight into the avenue leading to their family cemetery .

The 73 apartments are all provided with a 120 m² garden and stables for keeping small animals . With one exception, the first tenants were employees of the Westphalian tram . After the Westphalian tram filed for bankruptcy on December 12, 1932 , Gartenstadt Crengeldanz GmbH dissolved on June 27, 1934. The apartments were taken over by Siedlungsgesellschaft Witten mbH , and in 1939 they were transferred to the Witten-Süd housing association for administration. The allocation of an apartment was no longer tied to a job on the tram, but to membership in the Witten-Süd housing association .

During the Second World War , some buildings in the garden city of Crengeldanz were damaged by bombing raids on the Crengeldanz glass factory (formerly Müllensiefen , now Pilkington ), but none of them were completely destroyed. A 14-hour air raid on the glass factory on March 14, 1945 caused severe damage to the factory. The damage to the garden city of Crengeldanz , however, was relatively minor, which was partly due to the half-timbered construction, thanks to which the houses could withstand pressure waves that would have caused massive houses to collapse. After the Second World War, the Witten settlement company began repairing the damage. Due to a lack of material and finance, however, they were only slowly and z. T. incompletely eliminated.

With the further spread of the car after the Second World War and finally with the closure of the Crengeldanz depot on July 1, 1969, tram workers no longer needed to be close to their home and workplace. In 1979 only two active tramers lived in the garden city of Crengeldanz . The garden city of Crengeldanz has been a listed building since November 24, 1989 . (See list of architectural monuments in Witten )

Relationship to the garden city movement

In terms of formal aesthetics, the concept of the estate follows the ideals of the garden city movement developed at the beginning of the 20th century. The social and societal reform ideas of the German Garden City Society (DGG) were not taken into account. There is no community property , no utility or community facilities. The garden city of Crengeldanz is also much too small for a garden city in the sense of the garden city movement.

literature

Web links

Commons : Gartenstadt Crengeldanz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 51 ° 27 '7.9 "  N , 7 ° 19' 36.7"  E