Karl May reception from 1913 to 1933

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The Karl May reception from 1913 to 1933 is shaped by the aftermath of the Karl May trials , the founding of the Karl May Verlag (KMV) and the publication of the collected works, as well as the criticism of the allegedly youth-endangering " junk literature " Karl Mays.

The " golden twenties " also brought a certain amount of calm to the Karl May dispute. Thanks mainly to the efforts of the KMV, it was possible to put Karl May's reputation as a writer back into a somewhat positive image. This was also expressed in an increase in the number of copies of the collected works , from 1.6 million volumes (1913) the number rose to 4.3 million (1926).

In these years the KMV had already considerably expanded the series of collected works . Above all, the once controversial Münchmeyer novels and other early works by May were incorporated into the series in a sometimes substantial arrangement. However, the processing practice of the KMV is still very controversial today.

Course of the reception history

Foundation of the Karl May publishing house

When Karl May died on March 30, 1912, his reputation as a person and a writer was largely ruined by the unfortunate trials that went on for years. Sales of his books had also fallen dramatically. It almost seemed as if his opponents had finally achieved their goal of killing Karl May in public.

In this difficult situation, the widow Klara May , the May publisher Friedrich Ernst Fehsenfeld and the jurist Euchar Albrecht Schmid founded the Karl May Foundation publishing house in Radebeul on July 1, 1915 (from January 1, 1915: Karl May Verlag ).

The publisher set itself the task of editing Karl May's complete works, researching the author's life and work and correcting his image in literary criticism and the public. Publishing director Euchar A. Schmid managed to bring the lengthy processes to a conclusion and to acquire the rights to May's works throughout.

Above all, in 1913 he succeeded in regaining the rights to the seven Union volumes that had once appeared as Karl May's youth stories by Wilhelm Spemann in Guten Kameraden .

First World War and new conflicts

The difficult work on building up the publishing house and on Karl May's legacy was made difficult again by the First World War (1914–1918). The Karl-May-Verlag (KMV) initially edited a number of field post issues for the Imperial German Army . A copy of the magazine Schacht und Hütte with the geographic sermons , believed to be lost, was discovered; the Swedish graphic artist Carl Lindeberg won over for the new lid design (1916); edited a new biographical volume on Karl May (“Ich”, GW 34 ); Karl May's controversial Kolportage novels were taken off the market in the Fischer edition (1917).

During the war, there were new arguments about Karl May in 1917/18. In the 18th volume of the Biographical Yearbook and German Nekrologes , Alfred Kleinberg published an article about May, which was full of falsehoods and slander . Karl May publisher Euchar A. Schmid, on the other hand, took an energetic and ultimately successful approach. The article was exchanged in the volumes, author Alfred Kleinberg and editor Anton Bettelheim announced their collaboration on the yearbook. As a result, a number of pro and contra publications emerged. Ultimately, however, Karl May's legacy emerged stronger from the disputes.

November revolution and new impulses

The end of the First World War, the collapse of the German Empire and the founding of the Weimar Republic also gave literature a lot of impetus, a lot of movement, but also a lot of unrest. In the aftermath of the revolution of 1918 there were discussions in German literature about the re-evaluation of the various currents. The general tendency was to see a danger for the young republic from the left.

In the Catholic-conservative newspaper Die Hochwacht in 1918 there was a discussion about dirty, trash and folk literature, in which reference was also made to Karl May. Ludwig Gurlitt portrayed May as the ideal “writer for young people” and confirmed to him that he “set souls in motion”. Otto Eicke admits May that he “conveys ... indisputable ethical values”. Werner Mahrholz wrote in the literary echo in November 1918 : “May understood what very few of his colleagues could really tell about the high literature of his generation” and “For today's poetry, Karl May's success means a warning: great subjects, important ones Actions, uplifting feelings, deep thoughts alone are able to grasp the people, only in large pictures can one interpret and shape their needs and sufferings, joys and bliss ”.

Publication of the yearbooks and rehabilitation

The Karl May yearbooks , which were published by various editors from 1918 to 1933 , also played a major role in the turnaround in public opinion towards May's recognition . In them, mostly in popular representation, treatises about May's life and work, reading experiences, etc. published. Even if their scientific value is controversial today, their historical and historical importance should not be underestimated.

The public rehabilitation of Karl May, whose reputation had been severely damaged by the Lebius & Co. press and smear campaigns , began to take effect. Hermann Hesse wrote in the Zürcher Zeitung on July 13, 1919:

“I recently read for the first time two books by an author who has been perhaps the most read in Germany for decades and whom I did not yet know. It's Karl May. People who understand something have always told me that he is a very bad doer and greaser. There was some kind of fight for him once. Well, I know him now and I recommend his books with all my heart to uncles who want to give books to young people. They are fantastic, incessant and outrageous, with a healthy, magnificent structure, something completely fresh and naive, despite all the brisk technology. How must it affect the young! If only he had lived through the war and had been a pacifist! No sixteen year old would have moved in! "

Karl May was a pacifist , such as B. the Nobel Peace Prize laureate Bertha von Suttner and many May experts could have confirmed.

At the end of 1919 in Munich , the educationalist Ludwig Gurlitt raised his voice against the writer's enemies in an extensive pamphlet entitled Justice for Karl May . The Heimgarten wrote in its 5th issue in February 1920:

“Gurlitt does a thorough accounting with the enemies of our most widely read travel writer and has an arsenal of knowledge, warm gentleness and a deep understanding of people. He understands, and because he understands, there is no need to 'forgive'. "

Ernst Bloch rehabilitated May in an article in the Frankfurter Zeitung on March 31, 1929 as one of "the best German storytellers, and he would perhaps be the best, if he had not been a poor, confused proletarian ".

Another criticism

In the twenties a new May critic began to make a name for himself, who for decades, in changing times, with changing omens, relentlessly took action against the author and his legacy: Wilhelm Fronemann . Coming from the youth literature movement around Heinrich Wolgast , his reviews initially corresponded to the aims of this movement. In 1931 he wrote in the Jugendschriftwarte that May “according to his character and intellectual rank has not the slightest aptitude for educating people and young people”. In May's works he sees "no trace of real poetry" and "literarily characterless colportage ".

Committed resistance

In the fight against Wilhelm Fronemann , one long-time employee at Karl May Verlag was particularly committed: Fritz Prüfer. At the invitation of Klara May, he had already taken part in the deliberations on preparing the establishment of the Karl May Foundation publishing house on Easter Monday 1913. His yearbook articles dealt with May's texts and his biography. For the editors of the materials on Karl May Research Volume 8 , he was “something like the specialist for unusual things in the KMJB”.

Karl May Museum

The opening of the Karl May Museum in Radebeul on December 1, 1928 should also have increased the popularity of May and the KMV . It mainly shows Indian collectibles from the possession of the well-traveled artist Ernst Tobis, known as Patty Frank , who was director of the museum for decades, but also from the estate of Karl May and purchases by Klara May.

The yearbooks

Rudolf Beissel

Rudolf Beissel had the idea of ​​publishing Karl May yearbooks. In 1917, together with Fritz Barthel, he compiled the first Karl May yearbook , which was published by Salo Schottländer in Breslau in the spring of 1918 and had a second edition of 5,000 copies in the summer.

EA Schmid

When Consul Schottländer died, the Karl May Verlag (KMV) Radebeul took over the publication of the yearbooks from 1920. But soon there was a dispute between Beissel and EA Schmid, the head of the KMV: Beissel left the KMV and switched to the film industry. Beissel himself suggests these disputes subtly, so subtly that you cannot get a clear picture of the reasons for the separation.

Max Finke

From 1921 to 1924 EA Schmid edited the yearbook together with Max Finke. Finke's work as a May researcher began in 1920 with the publication of texts from Karl May's literary estate . Even if this edition no longer meets today's standards, because Finke only wanted, was allowed or was able to publish a small part of the estate texts and because he edited some texts, at least he is to be thanked for making such texts by Karl May accessible at all . Finke's most important work is the article Karl May und die Musik , published posthumously in the 1925 yearbook ; for a long time the only reliable work on this subject. When Max Finke died unexpectedly in 1924 at the age of 35, early May research lost one of its best representatives.

Franz Kandolf

In addition to Finke, the Karl May yearbook grew new, valuable employees: Chaplain Franz Kandolf from Munich made his debut in 1921 with an essay on Karl May and Germanness and with a remarkable study of the different versions of the Winnetou material . In the years to come he made a wealth of important contributions that are still worth reading today; His source studies and comparisons of motifs in particular still set standards today.

Wilhelm Matthießen

The author of children's and young people's books, Wilhelm Matthießen , who followed the example of Karl May with his adventure stories based partly in Tibet and partly in the Middle East, also wrote numerous articles for the Karl May yearbooks between 1921 and 1935.

Anton "Tono" Kaiser

was the author of several articles for the Karl May yearbooks:

  • The outlaw . 1923, p. 316 ff.
  • May and "Faust" . 1924, p. 216 ff.
  • The trumpeter in a losing position . 1926, p. 299 ff.
  • Eternally conscious . 1927, p. 387 ff.
  • The justified . 1932, p. 54

He wrote the drama Outlaw Hakawati , which appeared in 1967 . The tragedy of Karl May . Ekkehard Bartsch wrote about it:

“Anton Kaiser tried - as early as the 1920s - to portray and interpret Karl May's life in the form of a drama [a small passage from it in the Karl May Yearbook 1932], somewhat mystically trimmed and not without bizarre elements . The picture panels bring pictures of May's biography as well as three illustrations by Sascha Schneider of Karl May. "

Otto Eicke

Otto Eicke , editor from Dresden , appeared for the first time in 1922 with an article on Die Frauengestalten Karl May . The list of his publications on the subject of "Karl May" is long. Between 1928 and 1933 a series of articles by him that received a lot of attention appeared in the Karl May yearbooks.

Eicke described the fact that Karl May, under pressure from his critics, had been forced to abandon his traditional adventure novels and use a symbolic or symbolist spelling in his late work as a “break in construction” . Eicke (like the publisher) was of the opinion that May would have preferred to stick with his adventure literature. The expression “break in construction” is meant negatively for him.

Ludwig Gurlitt

In 1925, the almost seventy-year-old Ludwig Gurlitt took over the co-editor of the yearbooks after Finke's death. He came across Karl May research by chance, through a personal encounter with Karl May; he was probably never particularly interested in his works. In return, the “fight” for Karl May, against reactionary and partly also socialist opposition, was more important to him; Gurlitt, combative and battle-tested, published his pamphlet Justice for Karl May in 1919 ! after EA Schmid had previously struck the same horn with his brochure Eine Lanze für Karl May . Most of Gurlitt's contributions in the Karl May yearbooks have a combative character and are intended to prove Karl May's “educational effect”.

Konrad Guenther

When Gurlitt died in 1931, Konrad Guenther became Schmid's co-editor for the 1931 and 1933 yearbooks.

The yearbooks ceased to appear in 1933 in order to keep the subject of Karl May out of ideological discussions as much as possible .

Other events

Silent films

In 1920 the Karl May admirer Marie Luise Droop founded the “Ustad Film Gesellschaft” together with Klara May and the Karl May publishing house as well as a number of other limited partners. She intended to make five Karl May silent films each fiscal year. The five films that were planned in the first year were called:

  • On the ruins of paradise
  • The devil worshipers
  • The death caravan
  • From the tribe of the cursed
  • Old Shatterhand

The first three films could be made, there was no money for the other two. Because of a lack of funding, the whole company had to be abandoned.

The filmed films have been lost to this day, and a copy has never been found.

Theater productions

Hermann Dimmler wrote a play on the "Winnetou" material in 1919, which was performed several times, but not until 1928 under the title Winnetou. Travel story by Karl May . Designed for the stage by Dr. H. Dimmler was published.

The earliest known production of the play was on November 8, 1919 in Munich at the Deutsches Theater . At that time it was directed by Alfred Lommatzsch. He implemented the piece in nine pictures. Another performance took place in Hohenstein-Ernstthal in 1932 with Werner Legère as Winnetou.

In 1928, Ludwig Körner took the Dimmler version as the basis for his play Winnetou, the red gentleman : Drama in 6 images based on Karl May's travel story . Körner realized the piece in six pictures. This new version was first played on the Renaissance stage in Vienna in 1928 .

  • Winnetou (Vienna 1928)
  • Winnetou (Linz 1928)
  • Winnetou (Berlin 1929)
  • Winnetou (Berlin 1931)
  • Winnetou (Berlin 1938)
  • Winnetou (Hamburg 1940)

Ludwig Körner himself played the Old Shatterhand in several performances. Carl Zuckmayer was enthusiastic about a performance of the Dimmler / Körner play Winnetou, the red gentleman , in his large report "Winnetou on the Stage" in the Vossische Zeitung on December 6, 1929 :

“Joy of the heart! Cheers of the soul! We have seen them face to face, after twenty years of hoping, waiting, believing and trusting: […] Winnetou and Old Shatterhand. "

Honor at the grave

When the Sarrasani Circus presented its new program in 1927, the people presented included Indians from the Pine Ridge Agency reservation in South Dakota , led by the Sioux chief Big Snake (Susetscha Tanka = great snake). The circus director Hans Stosch-Sarrasani , who comes from Radebeul, announced to Klara May on December 4, 1927 that “his” Indians would be visiting the writer's grave .

On January 17, 1928, a huge crowd gathered when the Sioux boarded several vehicles in front of the “Sarrasani” circus building to drive to Radebeul. In Radebeul, countless people were waiting in front of the Radebeul-Ost cemetery. Representatives of the press had already posted themselves inside the cordoned off cemetery, including a reporter for the New York Times , whose headline later read: "American Indians honor Karl May!"

The Dresden Consul General of the United States, Arminius T. Haeberle, Stosch-Sarrasani, EA Schmid and Patty Frank met at May's tomb . Later in front of the " Villa Bärenfett ", Klara May greeted her guests in English. The Indians thanked her with a dance. Then Patty Frank showed the guests the treasures of Indian culture that had been piled up in the log cabin.

Hagiography Mays

Klara May's efforts to protect her husband's legacy were problematic: she was more interested in hagiography than objective information. She tried to get rid of as many materials as possible that cast a bad light on the deceased. In 1922 she managed to destroy the Mittweidaer criminal files and thus angered Euchar A. Schmid, who was in favor of an open exposition of May's entanglements. In numerous publications she disseminated contestable information, the tendency of which was reminiscent of the Old Shatterhand legend believed to have been overcome. In a review of her trips to America, she reported that May was demonstrably well versed in a large number of Indian dialects, "never needed an interpreter" during her trip to the Orient in 1899/1900 and showed that she was so able to cope with the stresses of this and the later American trip that younger people only amazed and could still recognize in him the accomplished globetrotter of yore. The photographs from these trips gave completely different impressions.

Serious biography

In 1931, Otto Forst de Battaglia published one of Karl May's first serious biographies with Karl May in Amalthea-Verlag Zurich . A life, a dream, with 32 illustrations. It says:

“A Karl May book, whether short or long, begins with an oversized villain committing an outrageous crime against a person who is quite sympathetic. But justice always wins: Hans gets his Grete, the real heirs get the not merely metaphorical treasure, the innocently persecuted aristocrats are reinstated in their previous high position, and every guilt takes revenge on earth. "

- Otto Forst-Battaglia

After a report on this biography on the Frankfurt school radio there were again malicious comments:

"Now the pedagogues have been fighting the prolific writer von Radebeul for half a century, have happily got him out of schools and youth libraries, and now an unsuspecting school radio line comes in and lets an energetic propaganda lecture for the old dizzy talk into the school classes. [...] What the Viennese writer Otto Forst-Battaglia presented on the Frankfurt school radio can be seen as a vertigo myth alongside the famous Münchhausiaden Old Shatterhands or Kara Ben Nemsi Effendi. "

Quotes

A poet without limitation

“I am sincerely sorry that Karl May will no longer read these lines. I would have written it too if he hadn't died in those days. Now I am in the bad position of having to say friendly words about the author of 'Old Shatterhand' at the same time, where 'in view of the majesty of death' all kinds of 'chimneyists' feel compelled to do the same, the whole barrel of manure the day before yesterday poured out on the man ... It turned out in an insulting process that the old man had had quite an adventurous joke in his youth and even had to sit in prison for it. It was clear that such a fellow was a literary impostor whose products could not have the slightest value, all the less since philologically-minded intuition showed that he was the regions of the wild west and dark Africa that he thought so vividly knew how to describe, has never seen with his own eyes ... What might people imagine by poetic work who accuse May of not having been to the countries he described ... When we read 'Wilhelm Tell' , Schiller's special merit was praised for the fact that he was never in Switzerland and only created his scenery landscapes from his imagination ... Everything his attackers bring against May speaks for him, and it is the shameful ingratitude of those who do theirs owe best youth hours to his murder stories, to belittle the man who deserves the title of poet without qualification, retrospectively. "

- Erich Mühsam

Trained on Karl May

“We were not preached to bear responsibility, it just happened in the community. Our playmates were village children, and it was clear that it was we who were scolded for broken window panes or lost tools - the craftsmen took care of that, and they were by no means gentle with us. Pitch, shirk and object, that wasn't us, that was this and that, that would have been completely contrary to our concepts of nobility and fairness, which we learned from Karl May. "

- Marion Countess Dönhoff

swell

  • Entry in the Karl May Wiki about reception (1913–1933)
  • Entry in the Karl May Wiki on Karl May Yearbooks
  • In the public eye. Voices on Karl May . Compilation by Karl May Verlag

literature

  • Siegfried Augustin , Thomas Ostwald (eds.): Karl-May-Jahrbuch 1978 , Bamberg / Braunschweig: Karl-May-Verlag / Verlag A. Graff 1978.
  • Rudolf Beissel, Fritz Barthel (Hrsg.): Karl-May-Jahrbuch 1918. 1st year (online version) .
  • Rainer Buck: Karl May. The Winnetou author and the Christian faith. With a foreword by Jens Böttcher , Moers: Brendow 2012, in it:
    • Part Three - Effect , pp. 161-184.
      • The Karl-May-Verlag - A Difficult Beginning , p. 161 ff.
      • Work arrangements , p. 165 f.
  • Rolf Dernen: The Karl May Yearbooks 1918–1933 . In: Karl May & Co. No. 83/2001.
  • Rolf Dernen: Conquering a place in literary history. The first "Karl May Yearbook" was published 90 years ago . In: Karl May & Co. No. 114/2008.
  • Hermann Dimmler: Winnetou. Travel story by Karl May. Designed for the stage . Radebeul, 1928.
  • Various editors: Karl May Yearbooks 1918–1933 .
  • Otto Eicke: Die Frauengestalten Karl Mays , in: Karl-May-Jahrbuch 1922 , pp. 55–88 (online version) .
  • Max Finke: Karl May und die Musik , in: Karl-May-Jahrbuch 1925 , pp. 39–63 (online version) .
  • Otto Forst-Battaglia: Karl May. A life, a dream . Zurich: Amalthea 1931.
  • Konrad Guenther, EA Schmid (Ed.): Karl-May-Jahrbuch 1933 (online version) .
  • Ludwig Gurlitt: Justice for Karl May! , Radebeul: Karl-May-Verlag 1919 (online version) .
  • Wolfgang Hermesmeier, Stefan Schmatz : Karl May Bibliography 1913–1945 . Karl-May-Verlag Bamberg / Radebeul 2000. ISBN 3-7802-0157-7 .
  • Wolfgang Hermesmeier, Stefan Schmatz: News about the Karl May yearbooks . In: Karl May & Co. No. 122/2010 (about cover images and cover image designs by Carl Lindeberg ).
  • Wolfgang Hermesmeier, Stefan Schmatz: Dream Worlds II. Pictures of the work of Karl May . Karl-May-Verlag Bamberg-Radebeul 2007. ISBN 978-3-7802-0167-6 . (The second volume covers the May illustrators between 1913 and 1930 and is dominated by Zdenek Burian and Carl Lindeberg.)
  • Wolfgang Hermesmeier, Stefan Schmatz: Karl May in the field. The First World War and the consequences for May reception (I) , in: Karl May & Co. No. 154/2018, pp. 22–31 (with 7 sources and a detailed bibliography).
  • Franz Kandolf: Karl May und das Deutschtum , in: Karl-May-Jahrbuch 1921 (online version) , pp. 129–139.
  • Helmuth Kiesel : History of German-language literature 1918 to 1933. Volume X of the history of German literature from its beginnings to the present , CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-406-70799-5
  • Bernhard Kosciuszko, Christoph F. Lorenz: The old year books. Documents from earlier Karl May research - an inventory (materials on Karl May research Volume 8) , Ubstadt: KMG-Presse 1984 ( online version ).
  • Florian Krobb: "We just want connection with the sex we live today". Wilhelm Matthießen's Karl May reception . In: Yearbook of the Karl May Society 2011.
  • Bernhard Schmid, Jürgen Seul (ed.): 100 years of publishing work for Karl May and his work 1913–2013 , Bamberg / Radebeul: Karl-May-Verlag 2013, including:
    • Bernhard Schmid: 100 years of Karl-May-Verlag = 100 years of family history , pp. 5–9.
    • Jürgen Seul: 100 Years of Karl May Verlag , p. 10 ff.
    • Hans-Dieter Steinmetz : With strange tongues. The translations of Karl May's works - Insights into a wide field , pp. 23–26.
    • Christoph F. Lorenz: “Speak German!” And other well-intentioned advice to the May publisher Euchar Albrecht Schmid. On the arrangements of the collected works , pp. 52–54.
    • Stefan Schmatz: The cover pictures of the collected works , p. 122 f.
  • Euchar Albrecht Schmid : Karl May's legacy. Memorandum on May 6, 1914 , in: Karl-May-Verlag Bamberg (Ed.): 50 years of publishing work for Karl May and his work [Festschrift] , Bamberg: Karl-May-Verlag 1963, p. 4.
  • Euchar Albrecht Schmid: My life and striving [1921] , in: Karl-May-Verlag Bamberg (Hrsg.): 50 years of publishing work for Karl May and his work [Festschrift] , Bamberg: Karl-May-Verlag 1963, p. 13 -22.
  • Lothar and Bernhard Schmid (eds.): The cut diamond. Karl May's Collected Works . Karl-May-Verlag Bamberg-Radebeul 2003. ISBN 978-3-7802-0160-7 , therein:
    • Lothar Schmid: 90 years of publishing work for Karl May , p. 5 ff.
    • Siegfried Augustin: Thoughts on the finality of Karl May's texts , p. 89 ff.
    • Christoph F. Lorenz: The editor as obstetrician , p. 105 ff.
    • Christoph F. Lorenz: In the shadow of a “trash publisher”. On the text of the Münchmeyer novels , p. 135 ff.
    • Christoph F. Lorenz: "O these gentlemen editors!" Heinrich Keiter and other secret employees of Karl Mays , p. 159 ff.
    • Christoph F. Lorenz: From the jewel island to Mount Winnetou. Notes on three text edits , p. 209 ff.
    • Walther Ilmer: "... with all the mistakes and weaknesses ..." Karl May taken at his word. Curiosities and absurdities in his texts , p. 263 ff.
    • Siegfried Augustin: The early employees of the Karl-May-Verlag , p. 263 ff.
    • Wolfgang Hermesmeier, Stefan Schmatz: Development and expansion of the collected works. A success story for 110 years , p. 341 ff.
  • Helmut Schmiedt : A second yearbook. Competition for the Karl May Society? In: Yearbook of the Karl May Society 1979 ( online version ).
  • Helmut Schmiedt: Klaus Mann, Pierre Brice and the Enlightenment. Karl May's Nachleben , in: ders .: Karl May or The Power of Fantasy. Eine Biographie , Munich: CH Beck 2011, 2nd edition 2017, pp. 285–328.
  • Dieter Sudhoff (Ed.): Wilhelm Matthießen . In: The blue snake . Karl-May-Verlag Bamberg / Radebeul 2004.
  • Christian Unucka: Karl May in the film. A picture documentation . Franke & Co., 2nd ed. 1991. ISBN 3-88626-000-3 .

Web links

References and comments

  1. ↑ http://www.karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Fischer-Ausgabe
  2. ↑ http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Alfred_Kleinberg
  3. ↑ https://www.karl-may-gesellschaft.de/kmg/seklit/diverse/nekrolog-streit/Der_Nekrolog-Streit.pdf
  4. ↑ http://www.karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Karl-May- Jahresbücher
  5. ↑ Seul: 100 years KMV ... , 2013, p. 32.
  6. ↑ https://www.karl-may-gesellschaft.de/index.php?seite=158
  7. ↑ Seul: 100 years KMV ... , 2013, p. 32 f.
  8. ↑ http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Wilhelm_Fronemann
  9. ↑ http://www.karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Fritz_Prüfer
  10. ↑ Bernhard Kosciuszko, Christoph F. Lorenz: The old year books ... , 1984, p. 1.
  11. ↑ Beissel: How the first yearbook came about . In: Karl-May-Jahrbuch 1978, pp. 7-20. See also: http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Rudolf_Beissel
  12. ↑ Beissel: How the first yearbook came about , p. 19.
  13. ↑ http://www.karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Max_Finke
  14. ↑ http://www.karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Wilhelm_Matthießen
  15. ↑ http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Karl-May-jahrbuch_1923
  16. ↑ http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Karl-May-jahrbuch_1924
  17. ↑ http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Karl-May-jahrbuch_1926
  18. ↑ http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Karl-May-jahrbuch_1927
  19. ↑ http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Karl-May-jahrbuch_1932
  20. ↑ http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Geächteter_Hakawati
  21. ↑ http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Ekkehard_Bartsch
  22. ↑ Ekkehard Bartsch (Ed.): Communications from the “Arbeitsgemeinschaft Karl-May-Biographie” (1963–1968) . 2 volumes. Reprint. Bad Segeberg n.d. [1993], here Volume 2: Ekkehard Bartsch: [Statement] 18/1967.
  23. ↑ Max Finke (Ed.), EA Schmid (Ed.): Karl May Yearbook 1922. Karl May Verlag, Radebeul 1921, pp. 55-88. ( online )
  24. ↑ List of publications ( online in the Karl May Wiki )
  25. ↑ Note from the editor of the 1931 yearbook: “With this treatise, Eicke continues his contributions on the symbolic works of Karl May. The previous work can be found in the 1928 year 'If they had been silent!' and 1930 'The Buried Source' and 'The Break in Construction'. As far as the tragedy in Karl May's oeuvre is mentioned here, we would also like to refer to the essay by Fritz Prüfer 'On the threshold of parable poetry' from the 1929 yearbook. "
  26. ↑ In 1947 Heinz Grill followed him in this view and with his novel Die Schatten des Schah-in-Schah presented an alternative continuation of the first two silver lion novels , which he sold to Karl May Verlag in 1950. It was only since Arno Schmidt's enthusiastic praise for Karl May's late work in 1956 that the May reception has rethought.
  27. ↑ https://www.karl-may-gesellschaft.de/index.php?seite=gurlitt-erechtigkeit&sprache=de
  28. ↑ Augustin / Ostwald: Foreword by the editors , p. 3.
  29. ↑ http://www.karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Ustad-Film_Dr._Droop_%26_Co.#Die_Gesellschaft
  30. ↑ http://www.karl-may-filme.de/stumm/index.html
  31. ↑ Körner's adaptation of Hermann Dimmler's play Winnetou was re-enacted by numerous other theaters until the 1950s. The presentation during the German Garden Show in 1950 on the Killesberg in Stuttgart was probably based on this version.
  32. ↑ Seul: 100 years KMV ... , 2013, p. 46.
  33. ↑ The Indian tribute in Radebeul: ... 4. The echo at home and abroad , in: Karl May Yearbook 1929 (online version) , p. 19 ff, here p. 26.
  34. ^ Jürgen Seul : 100 years of Karl May Verlag . In: 100 years of Karl May Verlag. Publishing work for Karl May and his work (1913–2013) (together with Bernhard Schmid as editor). Karl-May-Verlag Bamberg / Radebeul 2013, p. 43 f.
  35. ↑ http://www.karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Old-Shatterhand-Legende
  36. ↑ Klara May: With Karl May through America , Radebeul b. Dresden 1931, p. 108.
  37. ^ Schmiedt: Karl May ... , 2017, p. 289.
  38. ↑ A new edition appeared in 1966 under the title Karl May. Dream of a life - life of a dreamer. Contributions to Karl May Research, Volume 1. Edited by Univ.-Prof. Dr. Heinz Stolte. With a portrait of the author and a biographical afterword by Roger Forst-Battaglia. See the list of Karl May biographies in the Karl May Wiki.
  39. ↑ Karl May. A life, a dream , 1931
  40. ↑ Quoted in Seul: 100 years KMV ... , 2013, p. 47.
  41. ^ Cain (1912); Quoted in: Karl-May-Verlag Bamberg (Ed.): 50 years of publishing work for Karl May and his work [Festschrift] , Bamberg: Karl-May-Verlag 1963, p. 53.
  42. ↑ Childhood in East Prussia , Berlin 1991, p. 75 f.
  43. ↑ http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Karl-May-jahrbuch_1978
  44. ↑ http://karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Karl-May- Jahresbücher # 1918-1933
  45. ↑ http://www.karl-may-wiki.de/index.php/Traumwelten_II
Works by Karl May


Early work (1875–1883)

The Book of Love  • Geographical sermons (in “ Schacht und Hütte ”) • The two Quitzow's last voyages  • Caught on the sea  • Scepter and hammer  • In the far west  • The Ranger  • The Jewel Island
Groups of shorter texts: adventure stories (including Old Firehand  • The Oil Prince ) • Erzgebirge village stories  • Stories about the old Dessauer  • Historical stories  • Humoresques

Colportage novels (1882–1888)

The forest rose  • The Uhlan's love  • The lost son  • German hearts - German heroes  • The way to happiness

Travel stories (1892–1899)

Through the desert and harem ( through the desert ) • Through wild Kurdistan  • From Baghdad to Stambul  • In the gorges of the Balkans  • Through the land of the Skipetaren  • The Schut  • Winnetou I – III  • Oranges and dates  • On the Pacific Ocean  • On the Rio de la Plata  • In the Cordillera  • Old Surehand I  • Old Surehand II  • In the land of the Mahdi I – III  • Old Surehand III  • Satan and Ischariot I – III  • On strange paths  • “Christmas!”  • In the realm of the silver lion I- II  • On the afterlife
special case: The rose of Kaïrwan

Youth narratives (1887–1897)

The son of the bear hunter  • The spirit of the Llano estakado  • Kong-Kheou, the word of honor ( The blue-red Methuselah ) • The slave caravan  • The treasure in the Silver Lake  • The legacy of the Inca  • The oil prince  • The black mustang
Groups of shorter texts: illustration texts  • Texts below the pseudonym Hobble-Frank

Late work (1900–1910)

Heavenly thoughts  • In the realm of the silver lion III  • Erzgebirge village stories  • In the realm of the silver lion IV  • And peace on earth!  • Babel and the Bible  • Ardistan and Jinnistan I – II  • Winnetou IV  • My life and striving

Other works (1896–1912)

The joys and sorrows of a widely read person  • Serious sounds (contains, among others, Ave Maria ) • Three questions of humanity  • Sitara, the land of the human  soul • Up into the realm of noble men

Film adaptations of the works and life of Karl May


cinemamovies

On the ruins of paradise  (1920) • The death caravan  (1920) • The devil worshipers  (1920) • Through the desert  (1936) • The slave caravan  (1958) • The lion of Babylon  (1959) • The treasure in the Silver Lake  (1962) • Winnetou Part 1  (1963) • Old Shatterhand  (1964) • The Schut  (1964) • Winnetou Part 2  (1964) • Among Vultures  (1964) • The Aztec Treasure  (1965) • The Pyramid of the Sun God  (1965) • The Oil Prince  (1965) • Through wild Kurdistan  (1965) • Winnetou 3rd part  (1965) • Old Surehand 1st part  (1965) • In the realm of the silver lion  (1965) • The legacy of the Inca  (1966) • Winnetou and the Half-blood Apanatschi  (1966) • Winnetou and his friend Old Firehand  (1966) • Winnetou and Shatterhand in the valley of the dead  (1968) • The trail leads to the Silver Lake  (1990) • WinneToons - The legend of the treasure in the Silver Lake  (2009)

Television series and films

With Karl May in the Orient  (1963) • Kara Ben Nemsi Effendi  (1973/75) • My friend Winnetou  (1980) • The bush ghost  (1986) • Hello - here Karl May / Bärenstark  (1987) • Prairie hunters in Mexico  (1988) • Winnetou  (1996) • Winnetou's Return  (1998) • WinneToons  (2002) • Winnetou - The Myth Lives  (2016)

Adaptations of the biography

Acquittal for Old Shatterhand  (1965) • Karl May  (movie, 1974) • Karl May  (TV series, 1992)