La passione di Gesù Cristo

Work data
Title:	La passione di Gesù Cristo
Title page of the libretto from 1730 (music by Antonio Caldara)
Shape:	Azione sacra
Original language:	Italian
Music:	First setting by Antonio Caldara
Libretto :	Pietro Metastasio
Premiere:	April 4, 1730
Place of premiere:	Vienna
people
Maddalena ( Magdalena ) Pietro ( Peter ) Giovanni ( Johannes ) Giuseppe ( Joseph of Arimathea ) Coro de seguaci de Gesu (Choir of the Followers of Jesus)

La passione di Gesù Cristo or La passione di nostro signore Gesù Cristo (German: The Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ ) is a libretto for an "azione sacra" (Italian for oratorio ) in two parts by Pietro Metastasio . It is the first of his seven oratorio librettos written in Vienna and, with around 70 settings, is one of the most frequently set oratorio texts of the 18th and early 19th centuries. It was performed for the first time in the setting by Antonio Caldara on April 4, 1730 in the Hofburg Chapel in Vienna .

action

The oratorio tells the Passion story from the personal point of view of the four people involved, Simon Petrus , Maria Magdalena , Johannes and Josef von Arimathäa . Peter had denied Christ and withdrew after his capture. As a result, he was unable to see the negotiations and the crucifixion for himself. On his return he has the details of Mary Magdalene, John and Joseph of Arimathea told him.

First part

Peter returns to his friends worried and with a bad conscience. He fears that Jesus is no longer alive. The choir of the disciples laments what has happened and calls upon all of humanity to mourn. Peter asks Magdalena, John, and Joseph for the details. John envies him because he did not have to watch Jesus being led to the judge, scourged and mocked. First, Joseph tells of his unsuccessful attempt to take the weight of the cross from Jesus. Then the three describe Jesus' sufferings when he was nailed to the cross. His mother Maria managed to hug him one last time before she was forcibly torn away by the soldiers. Finally, Jesus brought his mother Mary and John together. Jesus was given vinegar as the last drink and eventually died. Both Peter and Magdalena blame each other. The choir ends the first part and calls mortals to be thankful, for the suffering of the Redeemer brings salvation to the righteous and death to the sinner.

Second part

Peter asked what happened after the crucifixion. Joseph cared for a grave and sealed it with a marble stone. Due to the Sabbath it is not yet possible to visit it. In addition, the grave could be guarded because the Hebrews fear the theft of the body. When Joseph reminds of the prophecy of the impending destruction of Jerusalem and the temple, Peter regards this as an atonement for Jesus not being recognized as the Son of God and lists his various miracles. Magdalena thinks that every still unbelieving heart will now find faith, and John tells of the signs during his death that reveal the meaning of the old prophecies. Magdalena complains that God is no longer visible to their gaze and that they have remained behind without guidance. Peter reassures them that his parables and the memory of his death will continue and can serve as models. He is confident that Jesus will come again if he should see their hopes waver. Magdalena and John also await the resurrection. The grave will become a place of pilgrimage and the cross a sign of victory. The second part is also completed by a choir. He invokes hope to strengthen love and faith and to dispel fear.

layout

The seven Viennese oratorios Metastasios follow those of his predecessor Apostolo Zeno . Simplicity and clarity in the structure are predominant. Metastasio dispensed with divine and allegorical persons within the plot and stuck to the three Aristotelian units of space, time and action. Therefore, many passages are only told in retrospect. His theological interpretations adhere strictly to the exegetical guidelines of the church. In many places he gave evidence in the form of biblical passages and quotations from writings by church teachers. As in his opera libretti, the action is presented in recitatives that lead to da capo arias. Ensemble pieces and choirs are only used sparingly.

Metastasio wrote this text in Vienna in 1730; it was intended to be set to music by Antonio Caldara . He set the text to music in March 1730 in less than two weeks.

In the history of the poetry of the Passion Oratorio, its version, in its complete departure from the literal Passion account, represents an important step towards the new aesthetics of the sensitive portrayal of suffering. The libretto follows theatrical ideas entirely without biblical words and the person of Jesus and achieved the greatest theatrical ideas in the 18th century Popularity. Maddalena, Giovanni, Pietro and Giuseppe d'Arimatea appear as characters; only a few passages are entrusted to the choir.

By avoiding the representation of Jesus as a person within the plot, Metastasio follows the rules of Aristotelian poetics . The bloody event is told in the recitatives of the first part as a messenger report. The aria texts are relatively far removed from the action. They deal with central theological questions such as the inability of sinful people to a true knowledge of God (Peter in “Se la pupilla inferma”). Metastasio noted the sources for the underlying thoughts as footnotes in the libretto.

Settings

The following composers set this libretto to music:

year	composer	premiere	Performance location	Remarks
1730	Antonio Caldara	April 4, 1730, Hofburg Chapel	Vienna	also listed in 1733
1733	Charles Sodi	1733	Montefiascone
1735	Giovanni Lorenzo Gregori	1735, Santa Maria Corteorlandini	Lucca
1735	Giuseppe Venturelli	1735	Modena	according to Grove Music Online not until 1738
1736	Michelangelo Magagni	1736	Florence
1737	Domenico Sarro	1737		also in Bologna in 1738; 1741 in Naples
1742	Davide Perez	1742	Palermo
1743	Nicola Conti	1743, Oratorio di San Filippo Neri	Florence
1743	Domenico Valentini	1743, Oratorio della Congregazione di San Filippo Neri	Venice
1743	Andrea Basili	1743	Recanati
1747	Giovanni Cordicelli	1747	Rome
1749	Andrea Cornario	1749
1749	Niccolò Jommelli	1749	Rome	also in Florence in 1772; 1770 at the King's Theater on Haymarket , London
1751	Giovanni Battista Runcher	1751	Trent
1754	Carlo Luigi Grua	1754		as Das Leyden Jesu Christi
1754	Ignaz Holzbauer	April 12, 1754, Cappella elettorale Palatina	Mannheim
1755	Johann Ernst Eberlin	1755	Salzburg	as The suffering of our Savior Jesus Christ
1755	Johann Georg Schürer	1755
1756	Giuseppe Feroci	1756, Chiesa dei pp. Agostiniani	Castiglion Fiorentino
1759	Giovanni Masi	1759, Ospizio del Melani	Florence
1759	Francesco Zannetti	September 17, 1759, SS. Crocifisso di S. Pietro	Volterra
1762	Domenico Francesco Vannucci	1762, Congregazione degli Angeli Custodi	Lucca
1762	Johann Georg Albrechtsberger	1762, Benedictine monastery	Melk
1763	Jacob Schuback	1763		German von Schuback as reflections on the sufferings of our Savior
1767	Johann Gottlieb Naumann	April 18, 1767, court chapel	Dresden	also in Dresden in 1787
1770	Lorenz Kühl	March 22, 1770	Hamburg
1772	Pietro Pompeo Sales	1772, court chapel of the elector	Ehrenbreitstein
1773	Josef Mysliveček	March 24, 1773	Florence	also in Mainz in 1784
1775	Pietro Maria Crispi			as La passione del Redentore ; on April 12, 1778 in the Oratorio di San Girolamo della Carita in Rome
1776	Antonio Salieri → La passione di nostro signore Gesù Cristo	December 18, 1777, Tonkünstlersozietät	Vienna	also on 1793 in the concert hall of music lovers in Berlin
1776	Francesco Antonio Uttini	March 24, 1776	Stockholm
1776	Andrea Lucchesi	1776-77
1778	Josef Starzer	1778, Tonkünstlersozietät	Vienna
1778	Gian Francesco de Majo	1778	Milan	also in 1780 in the Oratorio dell'antichissima Arciconfraternita di Santa Maria della Vita in Bologna
1778	Giuseppe Morosini	1778
1778	Joseph Schuster	1778, court chapel	Dresden
1779	Giammaria Pavani	1779
1781	Carlo Spontoni	1781, Accademici Armonici Uniti		as A Paixat de Jesus Christo ; also in 1788 at the Accademici Armonici Uniti in Bologna
1782	Giovanni Paisiello	1782	St. Petersburg	according to Grove Music Online not until 1783; also on April 2, 1784 at the Court Theater in Warsaw; 1791 and 1809 in Dresden; 1812 in Milan
1783	Johann Friedrich Reichardt	August 14, 1783 (excerpts), complete on April 8, 1784 as part of the Concerts spirituelles	Berlin	also in London and Paris in 1785; the score was thought to be lost for a long time, but was rediscovered in 1998
1783	Luciano Xavier Santos	March 19, 1783, Palácio de Ajuda	Lisbon
1785	Carlo Commandini	1785
1786	Alessio Prati	1786, Congregazione dell'oratorio di S. Filippo Neri	Florence	with music by other composers
1787	Federico Torelli	1787, Casino Nobile	Bologna
1787	Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli	1787	Milan
1789	Vincenzo Fiocchi	1789, Oratorio di S. Filippo Neri	Rome
1790	Pietro Alessandro Guglielmi	1790, Teatro de los Canos de Peral	Madrid
1790	Anton Teyber	April 15, 1805, Tonkünstlersozietät	Vienna	may be based on another libretto
1791	Gianfrancesco Almerici	1791
1792	Stanislao Mattei	April 6, 1792, Arciconfraternita di S. Maria della Morte	Bologna	second version 1806
1794	Michele Mortellari	1794, private performance	London
1799	Gaetano Andreozzi	1799, Teatro San Carlo	Naples
1799	Giuseppe Nicolini	1799	Naples
1802	Francesco Azopardi	1802
1812	Francesco Morlacchi	1812, court chapel	Dresden	also in Perugia in 1816
1813	Franz Xaver Kleinheinz	1813	Budapest or Bratislava
unknown	João Pedro de Almeida Mota (Motta)	unknown
unknown	Antonio Calegari	unknown
unknown	Zuane Cornaro	unknown
unknown	Santo Gemmine	unknown
unknown	Johann Gottlieb Graun	unknown
unknown	Thank God Harrer	unknown	Leipzig	HarWV 51; than I don't know where I am
unknown	Diego Naselli	unknown		Performed in London in 1772; possibly identical to the oratorio from 1742 by Davide Perez
unknown	Gaetano Maria Schiassi	unknown	Lisbon
unknown	Tommaso Sogner	unknown

Recordings and performances in recent times

• João Pedro de Almeida Mota :
  • 1969: Record with the Coro e Orquestra de Câmara Gulbenkian (Lisbon) under the direction of Gianfranco Rivoli. Soloists: Luísa Bosabalian (soprano), Fernando Serafim (tenor), Benjamin Luxon (baritone), Richard Angas (bass).
• Antonio Caldara :
  • 1999: CD with Europa Galante and the Athestis Chorus under the direction of Fabio Biondi . Soloists: Patricia Petibon (Maddalena), Francesca Pedaci (Giovanni), Laura Polverelli (Pietro), Sergio Foresti (Giuseppe).
  • 1999: CD with the Savaria Baroque Orchestra and the Capella Savaria under the direction of Pál Nemeth. Soloists: Mária Zádori, Angelos Fotiadis, Timothy Bentch, István Kovács.
  • 2012: Performance in Ulm with the Hassler Consort under the direction of Franz Raml . Soloists: Katja Stuber and Siri Karoline Thornhill (soprano), Ursula Eittinger (mezzo-soprano), Michael Weigert (tenor), Achim Hoffmann (baritone). The performance was broadcast on the radio.
• Thank God Harrer :
  • 2005: Performance in St. Laurentius, Auerbach with the Michaelstein Chamber Choir and the Telemannisches Collegium Michaelstein under the direction of Ludger Rémy . Soloists: Dorothee Mields (Maria Magdalena), Steve Wächter (Petrus), Knut Schoch (Johannes), Matthias Vieweg (Joseph von Arimathia). The performance was broadcast on the radio.
• Niccolò Jommelli :
  • 1983: CD with the Società Cameristica di Lugano under the direction of Arturo Sacchetti. Soloists: Sofia Mukhametova (Maddalena), René Jacobs (Giovanni), Gianni Puddu (Pietro), Carlo de Bortoli (Giuseppe d'Arimatea).
  • 1996: CD with the Berlin Baroque Academy under the direction of Alessandro De Marchi . Soloists: Anke Herrmann (Maddalena), Debora Beronesi (Giovanni), Jeffrey Francis (Pietro), Maurizio Picconi (Giuseppe d'Arimatea).
• Andrea Lucchesi :
  • 2007: CD with the Coro Civico M. Boni Di Viadana and the Orchestra Barocca di Cremona under the direction of Giovanni Battista Columbro. Soloists: Nadia Mantelli (soprano), Alessandra Vavasori (alto), Emanuele d'Aguanno (tenor), Francesco Azzolini (bass).
• Josef Mysliveček :
  • 2004/2005: CD with Chorus Musicus Cologne and the New Orchestra under the direction of Christoph Spering . Soloists: Sophie Karthäuser (Maddalena), Jörg Waschinski (Pietro), Yvonne Berg (Giovanni), Andreas Karasia (Giuseppe d'Arimatea).
  • May 29, 2013: Performance in Prague with the Collegium 1704 and the Collegium Vocale 1704 under the direction of Václav Luks . Soloists: Simona Šaturová (Maddalena), Martina Janková (Pietro), Sophie Harmsen (Giovanni), Krystian Adam (Giuseppe). The performance was broadcast on the radio.
• Johann Gottlieb Naumann :
  • 2006/2008: CD with the Coro La Stagione Armonica and the Orchestra di Padova e del Veneto under the direction of Sergio Balestracci. Soloists: Monica Bragadin (Maddalena), Makoto Sakurada (Pietro), Raffaele Giordani (Giovanni), Alfredo Grandini (Giuseppe).
• Giovanni Paisiello :
  • 1998: CD with the Warsaw Chamber Opera Chorus and the Warsaw Sinfonietta under the direction of Wojciech Czepiel. Soloists: Halina Górzynska (Maddalena), Miroslava Kacprzak (Pietro), Jerzy Knetig (Giovanni), Jerzy Mahler (Giuseppe d'Arimatea).
  • 2007: CD with I Barocchisti and the Coro della Radio Svizzera under the direction of Diego Fasolis . Soloists: Roberta Invernizzi (Pietro), Alla Simoni (Maddalena), Luca Dardolo (Giovanni), José Fardilha (Giuseppe d'Arimatea).
• Johann Friedrich Reichardt
  • 1998: Performance at the Handel Festival in Halle under the direction of Gothart Stier .
  • 2009: Concert in the Moritzkirche in Halle with the Staatskapelle Halle and the Robert-Franz-Singakademie Halle under the direction of Gothart Stier. Soloists: Katherina Müller (soprano), Jaroslav Brezina (tenor), Stephan Heinemann (baritone).
• Antonio Salieri :
  • Various performances → La passione di nostro signore Gesù Cristo
  • 1995: CD with the Cappella Musicale della Cattedrale di Verona under the direction of Alberto Turco. Soloists: Daniela Citino, Maria Teresa Toso, Nikola Yovanovitch, Mario Scardoni.
  • 2004: CD with the Neuen Orchester and the Chorus Musicus Köln under the direction of Christoph Spering. Soloists: Melba Ramos (soprano), Franziska Gottwald (alto), Florian Mock (tenor), Hanno Müller-Brachmann (bass).
  • 2006: CD with the Salieri Chamber Orchestra and the Wiener Jeunesse Choir under the direction of Giovanni Pelliccia. Soloists: Michela Sburlati (Maddalena), Matteo Lee Yeong Hwa (Pietro), Chiarastella Onorati (Giovanni), Roberto Abbondanza (bass).
• Joseph Schuster :
  • 2012: Performances in Dresden and Prague with the Prague Baroque Orchestra Collegium 1704 and the Collegium Vocale 1704 under the direction of Václav Luks. Soloists: Dora Pavlíková (mezzo-soprano), Eric Stoklossa (tenor), Sebastian Monti (tenor), Václav Čížek (tenor).

Web links

Commons : La passione di Gesù Cristo  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Digital copies

1. ^ Libretto (Italian) as digitized version at the Munich Digitization Center . In: Opere del signor abate Pietro Metastasio , Volume 7, Herissant, Paris 1780, p. 341 ff.
2. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Antonio Caldara, Vienna 1730 as digitized version at the Munich Digitization Center .
3. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Antonio Caldara, Bologna 1733 as digitized version in the Museo internazionale e biblioteca della musica di Bologna .
4. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Charles Sodi, Montefiascone 1733 as digitized version at the Munich Digitization Center .
5. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Michelangelo Magagni, Florence 1736 as a digitized version in the Internet Archive .
6. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Davide Perez, Palermo 1742 as a digitized version on Google Books .
7. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Giovanni Cordicelli, Rome 1747 as digitized version at the Munich Digitization Center .
8. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Niccolò Jommelli, Florence 1772 as a digitized version in the Internet Archive .
9. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Niccolò Jommelli, Florence 1765 as digitized version at the Munich Digitization Center .
10. ^ Libretto (Italian / German) of the oratorio by Johann Gottlieb Naumann, Dresden 1787 as digitized version at the University and State Library of Saxony-Anhalt .
11. ^ Libretto (Italian / German) of the oratorio by Josef Mysliveček, Mainz 1784 as a digitized version on Google Books .
12. ^ Libretto (Italian / German) of the oratorio by Antonio Salieri, Berlin 1793 as digitized version at the Berlin State Library .
13. ^ Libretto (Italian / German) of the oratorio by Josef Starzer, 1778 as a digitized version at the Berlin State Library .
14. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Giammaria Pavani, Ancona 1779 as digitized version at the Munich Digitization Center .
15. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Carlo Spontoni, Bologna 1788 as digitized version at the Munich Digitization Center .
16. ^ Libretto (Italian / German) of the oratorio by Giovanni Paisiello, Dresden 1791 as digitized version at the Munich Digitization Center .
17. ^ Libretto (Italian / German) of the oratorio by Giovanni Paisiello, Dresden 1809 as a digitized version in the Internet Archive .
18. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Giovanni Paisiello, Milan 1812 as digitized version in the Museo internazionale e biblioteca della musica di Bologna .
19. ↑ Score of the oratorio by Giovanni Paisiello as digitized version with the International Music Score Library Project .
20. ^ Libretto (Italian / German) of the oratorio by Johann Friedrich Reichardt, Berlin 1784 as digitized version at the Munich Digitization Center .
21. ↑ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Alessio Prati, Florence 1786 as a digitized version in the Internet Archive .
22. ^ Libretto (Italian) of the oratorio by Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli as digitized version in the Museo internazionale e biblioteca della musica di Bologna .
23. ↑ Score of the oratorio by Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli as digitized version in the Internet Archive .
24. ^ Libretto (Italian / English) of the oratorio by Diego Naselli, London 1772 as a digitized version of the Augsburg University Library .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z} Don Neville:  Metastasio [Trapassi], Pietro (Antonio Domenico Bonaventura). In: Grove Music Online (English; subscription required).
2. ↑ Metastasio, Pietro in Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart , p. 50861 ff (cf. MGG vol. 9, p. 229 ff.) Bärenreiter-Verlag 1986 ( digital library volume 60).
3. ↑ Elizabeth Birnbaum: The Juditbuch in Vienna of the 17th and 18th centuries. Peter Lang, 2009, p. 186 ( online at Google Books ).
4. ↑ Gerhard Poppe: Supplement to the CD of the setting by Johann Gottlieb Naumann, cpo 777 365-2
5. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Antonio Caldara) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
6. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Charles Sodi) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
7. ^ Gregori, Giovanni Lorenzo. In: Dizionario Biografico - Treccani , accessed April 27, 2015.
8. ↑ La passione di nostro Signore Gesù Cristo (Giovanni Lorenzo Gregori) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
9. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Giuseppe Venturelli) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
10. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Domenico Sarri) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
11. ↑ Domenico Natale Sarro on haendel.it , accessed on May 8, 2015.
12. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo nostro signore (David Perez) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
13. ↑ James L. Jackman and Paologiovanni Maione:  Conti, Nicola. In: Grove Music Online (English; subscription required).
14. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo signore nostro (Nicola Conti) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
15. ^ Library dataset of the oratorio by Domenico Valentini at opac.sbn.it , accessed on May 8, 2015.
16. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Andrea Basili) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
17. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Niccolò Jommelli) at opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
18. ↑ Libretto (Italian / English) of the oratorio by Niccolò Jommelli, London 1770 , as a digitized version at ECCO (Eighteenth Century Collections Online, accessible via German national license).
19. ^ Library record of the oratorio by Giovanni Battista Runcher at cbt.biblioteche.provincia.tn.it , accessed on May 8, 2015.
20. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo signor nostro (Ignaz Holzbauer) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
21. ↑ The Suffering of Our Savior Jesus Christ (Johann Ernst Eberlin) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
22. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Johann Georg Schürer) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
23. ^ Library dataset of the oratorio by Giuseppe Feroci at opac.sbn.it , accessed on May 8, 2015.
24. ^ Library data set for the oratorio by Giovanni Masi at polovea.sebina.it , accessed on May 8, 2015.
25. ^ Library dataset of the oratorio by Francesco Zannetti at polovea.sebina.it , accessed on May 8, 2015.
26. ↑ La passione di nostro Signore Gesù Cristo (Domenico Francesco Vannucci) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed May 8, 2015.
27. ^ Oratorium de Passione Domini (Johann Georg Albrechtsberger) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
28. ^ Library data set for the oratorio by Johann Georg Albrechtsberger at the Bibliothèque nationale de France, accessed on May 8, 2015.
29. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Jakob Schuback) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
30. ^ E. Eugene Helm:  Schuback, Jacob. In: Grove Music Online (English; subscription required).
31. ^ Kurt Stephenson: Schuback, Jacob. In: Music in the past and present. Bärenreiter-Verlag 1986 ( digital library volume 60), p. 67655 ff (see MGG vol. 12, p. 94 ff).
32. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Johann Gottlieb Naumann) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
33. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Lorenz Kühl) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
34. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Pietro Pompeo Sales) at opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
35. ↑ La passione di nostro Signore Gesù Cristo (Josef Myslivecek) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
36. ↑ La passione del Redentore (Pietro Maria Crispi) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
37. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Antonio Salieri) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
38. ↑ La passione di Gesù (Francesco Antonio Baldassare Uttini) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
39. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Andrea Lucchesi) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
40. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Josef Starzer) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
41. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Gian Francesco de Majo) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
42. ^ Library record of the oratorio by Gian Francesco de Majo in the Museo internazionale e biblioteca della musica di Bologna , accessed on May 8, 2015.
43. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Josef Schuster) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
44. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Carlo Spontoni) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
45. ^ Library dataset of Carlo Spontoni's oratorio at opac.sbn.it , accessed on May 8, 2015.
46. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo nostro signore (Giovanni Paisiello) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
47. ^ Giovanni Paisiello (1740-1816): La Passione di Gesù Cristo on klassika.info , accessed on May 8, 2015.
48. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Johann Friedrich Reichardt) at opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
49. ↑ Ursula Jürgens: Rare stroke of luck in a treasure hunt. The rediscovery of the Metastasio Passion by Johann Friedrich Reichardt. (PDF)
50. ↑ La passione di Gesù Christo (Luciano Xavier Santos) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
51. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo signor nostro (Alessio Prati) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
52. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Federico Torelli) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
53. ^ Library dataset of the Oratorio by Federico Torelli at opac.sbn.it , accessed on May 8, 2015.
54. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli) at opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
55. ^ Library data set for the oratorio by Vincenzo Fiocchi at polovea.sebina.it , accessed on May 8, 2015.
56. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Pietro Alessandro Guglielmi) at opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
57. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Anton Teyber) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
58. ↑ Christine Blanken: Franz Schubert's “Lazarus” and the Vienna Oratorio at the beginning of the 19th century. Franz Steiner, Göttingen 2002, ISBN 3-515-07933-5 , p. 312 ( online at Google Books ).
59. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Stanislao Mattei) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
60. ^ Mattei, Stanislao. In: Dizionario Biografico - Treccani , accessed May 8, 2015.
61. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Michele Mortellari) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
62. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Gaetano Andreozzi) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
63. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Giuseppe Nicolini) at opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
64. ↑ La passione di Gesù (Francesco Morlacchi) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
65. ↑ Michael Märker:  Morlacchi, Francesco. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 152 f. ( Digitized version ).
66. ↑ La passione di Giesù Cristo (Franz Xaver Kleinheinz) at opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
67. ^ Hans Jancik: Kleinheinz, Franz Xaver. In: Music in the past and present. Bärenreiter-Verlag 1986 ( Digital Library Volume 60), p. 42143 (cf. MGG Vol. 7, p. 1207).
68. ^ ^{A b} Heinz Josef Herbort: The new record (João Pedro de Almeida Motta: "La Passion di Gesü Christo"). In: Die Zeit vom March 20, 1970, accessed on May 9, 2015.
69. ↑ La passione di nostro Signore Gesù Cristo (Antonio Calegari) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
70. ↑ Antonio Garbelotto, Roswitha Schlötterer (transl.): Calegari (family). In: Music in the past and present. Bärenreiter-Verlag 1986 ( Digital Library Volume 60), p. 11237 ff (cf. MGG Vol. 15, p. 1252 ff).
71. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo signor nostro (Zuane Cornaro) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
72. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Johann Gottlieb Graun) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
73. ^ Werner Freytag: Graun (family). In: Music in the past and present. Bärenreiter-Verlag 1986 ( Digital Library Volume 60), p. 29553 (cf. MGG Vol. 5, p. 707).
74. ↑ I don't know where I am (Gottlob Harrer) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed May 8, 2015.
75. ↑ Gottlob Harrer: La Passione del Nostro Signore (HarWV 51) on telemann-michaelstein.de , accessed on May 8, 2015.
76. ↑ La passione di Gesù Cristo (Diego Naselli) at the opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
77. ^ Mauricio Dottori: The Church Music of Davide Perez and Niccolò Jommelli , ISBN 978-8598826196 , p. 16.
78. ↑ La passione di Gesù (Gaetano Maria Schiassi) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
79. ↑ Giuseppe Vecchi, Dorothea Schmidt-Preuß (transl.): Schiassi, Gaetano Maria. In: Music in the past and present. Bärenreiter-Verlag 1986 ( digital library volume 60), p. 66685 ff (see MGG vol. 11, p. 1690 ff).
80. ↑ La passione (Tommaso Sogner) at Opening Night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed April 29, 2015.
81. ↑ La Passione di Gesù Cristo (João Pedro de Almeida Motta). Record on WorldCat , accessed May 9, 2015.
82. ^ Caldara: La Passione di Gesù Cristo Signor Nostro - Fabio Biondi, Europa Galante. CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
83. ^ Caldara: La Passione di Gesù Cristo Signor Nostro; Sinfonias - Pál Németh. CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
84. ^ Antonio Caldara: "La Passione di Gesù Cristo Signor nostro". Program information from April 4, 2015 ( Memento from May 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on BR-Klassik , accessed on May 9, 2015.
85. ↑ La passione del nostro Signore: Passion cantata for soloists, choir and orchestra (Gottlob Harrer). Record on WorldCat , accessed May 9, 2015.
86. ↑ Choir biography of the Michaelstein Chamber Choir (PDF) , accessed on May 9, 2015.
87. ^ Nicola Jommelli: La Passione di Gesù - Arturo Sacchetti. CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
88. ^ Jommelli: La Passione di Nostro Signore Gesù Cristo - Berlin Baroque Academy, Alessandro de Marchi. CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
89. ^ Luchesi: La Passione di Gesù Christo - G. Battista Columbro. CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
90. ^ Josef Myslivecek: La Passione di Nostro Signore Gesu Cristo - Chorus Musicus Cologne, Das Neue Orchester, Christoph Spering. CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
91. ^ Josef Myslivecek (1737-1781): La Passione di Nostro Signore Gesu Cristo. CD information on tp4.rub.de , accessed on May 9, 2015.
92. ^ Josef Mysliveček: La Passione di Gesù Cristo on the website of the Collegium 1704, accessed on May 9, 2015.
93. ^ Johann Gottlieb Naumann: La Passione di Gesù Cristo - Sergio Balestracci, La Stagione Armonica. CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
94. ^ Giovanni Paisiello: La Passione di Gesù Cristo (Wojciech Szepiel). CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
95. ↑ Paisiello: Passione di Gesù Cristo - I Barocchisti, Diego Fasolis. CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
96. ↑ ^{a b} Musica Sacra in the Moritzkirche. Announcement of April 8, 2009 of the performance of the oratorio by Johann Friedrich Reichardt ( memento of May 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on hallelife.de, accessed on May 9, 2015.
97. ^ Antonio Salieri: La Passione di Gesù Cristo - Alberto Turco. CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
98. ^ Antonio Salieri: La Passione di Nostro Signore Gesu Cristo - Christoph Spering. CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
99. ↑ Metastasio: La Passione di Gesù Cristo (Version by Salieri) [Hybrid SACD] - Chiarastella Onorati, Salieri Chamber Orchestra, Wiener Jeunesse Choir. CD information from Allmusic , accessed on May 9, 2015.
100. ↑ Operní panorama Heleny Havlíkové. Announcement of the performance of Joseph Schuster's oratorio in Prague on the Czech Radio website , accessed on May 9, 2015.
101. ↑ J. Schuster ?? La passione di Gesù Cristo. Announcement of the performance of Joseph Schuster's oratorio in Dresden on sachsen-net.com , accessed on May 9, 2015.