List of Abbots from Ebrach

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The Ebrach Abbey

The list of the abbots of Ebrach contains the names of the abbots of the Cistercian monastery Ebrach from its foundation to its dissolution through secularization. Ebrach was founded as the first monastery of this order on the right bank of the Rhine in 1126 and was settled by monks from the Morimond monastery in northeastern France. Several donors ensured that the abbey was established. On the one hand, the founder "Berno von Ebera" is mentioned, on the other hand, King Konrad III later made himself . and his wife Gertrud earned money for the monastery.

Initially, the monastery established itself as an own monastery in Würzburg , founded several daughter monasteries and rose to become one of the richest abbeys in Franconia. In later centuries, however, the abbots attempted to become imperial and therefore increasingly came into conflict with the Würzburg prince-bishops. The religious wars of the 16th and 17th centuries devastated the abbey several times, only after the Thirty Years' War Ebrach was able to recover.

Now the lively baroque building activity began, which still characterizes the monastery grounds today. Magnificent, castle-like monastery courtyards were also built in the dependent villages in the area. The monastery was dissolved in the course of secularization in Bavaria in 1803. The remaining conventuals were transferred, and the last abbot was retired. The monastery church was given a new function as the parish church of the market town of Ebrach.

Abts list

The structure of the list goes back to the history of the monastery of Wiegand Weigand, who divided the history of the abbey into four epochs in 1843 . The list is based primarily on the so-called chronicle of Adelhard Kaspar from 1971. Additions and deviations also come from the older overview, Die Abtei Ebrach , by Josef Wirth. In total, the monastery was headed by 49 abbots in the course of its history.

The abbots from foundation to establishment (1126 to 1276)

The series of abbots from Ebrach monastery begins with Adam von Ebrach, who was sent to the Steigerwald from the French monastery Morimond in 1126. He began to expand the Berno Foundation and to build a first convent church. The donations of the Emperor Konrad III. and his wife also fall into his reign. Adam is venerated as blessed , his feast is celebrated on February 25th. |

Adam's successors, above all Abbot Rapotho, are only mentioned briefly in the sources. Her reign can only be determined approximately. As was initially customary within the Cistercian order , many monastery rulers gave up while they were still alive and then lived as emeriti among the other monks. Only with Abbot Heinrich I, the tenth abbot, are the years of reign fully recorded.

A portrait attributed to Abbot Rapotho as Abbot of Langheim, around 1720
number Abbot's name Reign in Ebrach Remarks
1. Adam 1126-1166 or 1167 * Sent to Ebrach before 1100 around Cologne , 1126 from Morimond Monastery to Ebrach, † November 23, Seliger
2. Rapotho gen. 1170 also Rapoto , abbot of Langheim Abbey , 1132–1157 abbot of Heilsbronn Abbey , † after 1170
3. Konrad I. called 1178 – before 1180 resignation
4th Burkard I. named 1182 – after 1187 † May 15 after 1187
5. Hermann I. called 1194 – after 1200 † May 20 after 1200
6th Meingoth gen. 1204-1212 probably resignation 1212, † May 24, 1219
7th Eberhard named 1215 – after 1219 1208–1215 Abbot of Wilhering Monastery , resignation in Ebrach 1219, † after 1219
8th. Engelbert called 1220-1236 resignation
9. Alhard called 1238-1244 resignation
10. Heinrich I. 1244-1252 Resignation, † 1252
11. Berthold 1252-1262 resignation
12. Nicholas I. 1262-1271 Resignation, † 1271
13. Berengar 1271-1276 Resignation, † August 20, 1276

The abbots of the first bloom up to the Peasants' War (1276 to 1531)

Under Abbot Winrich, who was called to Ebrach from Saar Monastery in today's Czech Republic , the still existing monastery church was built as a Gothic basilica . The Ebrach Abbey flourished for the first time under Abbot Friedrich von Leuchtenberg when he was appointed Bishop of Eichstätt in 1328. In the course of the late Middle Ages the monastery produced two professors, Bartholomäus Fröwein and Johannes Kaufmann, who held chairs at the University of Vienna. In 1525 the German Peasants' War broke out, which also devastated the abbey. Abbot Johannes Leiterbach failed because of the urgent reconstruction and was deposed after a visit.

The epitaph of Bartholomäus Fröwein in the Ebrach monastery church
number Abbot's name Reign in Ebrach Remarks
14th Winrich 1276-1290 1262–1276 Abbot of Saar Monastery , † April 9, 1290
15th Hermann II. 1290-1306 previously abbot of Langheim Abbey, † October 5, 1306
16. Friedrich Landgrave von Leuchtenberg 1306-1328 previously abbot of Langheim Abbey, 1328 as Friedrich III. Bishop of Eichstätt , † March 27, 1329 in Berching
17th Albert von Anfeld 1328-1344 † August 13, 1344
18th Henry II 1344-1349 † May 6, 1349
19th Otto Hunter 1349-1385 * in Deutsch-Matrei , † June 9, 1385
20th Peter I. 1385-1404 Election December 1385, † February 24, 1404
21st Henry III. Heppe 1404-1426 * in Volkach , called Pius, † December 19, 1426
22nd Bartholomäus Froewein 1426-1430 * in Nuremberg , previously professor in Vienna , † July 25, 1430
23. Hermann III. from Kottenheim 1430-1437 * probably in Kottenheim , resignation 1437, † 1447 in Heilsbronn
24. Henry IV Wild 1437-1447 Resignation 1447, † 1454
25th Heinrich V. flower rust 1447-1455 * in Burgwindheim , † January 16, 1455
26th Burkard II Scheel 1455-1474 called Schul, † December 13, 1474
27. John I merchant 1474-1489 * in Würzburg , previously professor in Vienna, called Mercator, † March 5, 1489
28. Nicholas II angel 1489-1495 * in Königsberg in Bavaria , called Angeli, resignation 1495, † November 20, 1509
29 Veit Vendt 1495-1503 * in Iphofen , † October 30, 1503
30th Johannes II. Leiterbach 1503-1531 * in Burgwindheim, deposed January 20, 1531, † August 3, 1533

The abbots during confessional tensions (1531 to 1658)

The abbots who ran the monastery at the beginning of the early modern period had to deal more and more with the Würzburg bishops. While the prelates pointed out that the monastery was imperial, the prince-bishops assumed that their diocese had their own monastery. Konrad Hartmann was the first abbot to file a lawsuit at the Reich Chamber of Commerce . His successors continued this in the following decades.

At the same time, the abbey established itself as the most important Franconian monastery. Traditionally, their abbots were appointed visitors to all Franconian Cistercian monasteries. The Thirty Years War reached Ebrach in the thirties of the 17th century and resulted in Abbot Johannes Dressel having to leave his monastery. The destroyed buildings could only be restored under Abbot Petrus Scherenberger.

An official portrait of Abbot John IV Beck
number Abbot's name Reign in Ebrach Remarks
31. John III wolf 1531-1540 * in Zeil am Main , election February 10, 1531, called Lupi, † September 25, 1540
32. Konrad II. Hartmann 1540-1551 * in Schweinfurt , election October 21, 1540, † January 9, 1551
33. John IV Beck 1551-1562 * 1516 in Rothenfels , called Pistor , † January 7, 1562 in Mönchherrnsdorf
34. Paulus I. Zeller 1562-1563 * in Heidingsfeld , † June 29, 1563
35. Leonhard Rosen 1563-1591 * around 1532 in Willanzheim , † October 6, 1591
36. Hieronymus I. Hölein 1591-1615 * in Großlangheim , election as Abbot Adjutor March 10, 1591, † November 25, 1615
37. Kaspar Brack 1615-1618 * in Gerolzhofen , election after November 26, 1615, † May 2, 1618
38. Johannes V. Dressel 1618-1637 * in Hollfeld , † April 16, 1637
39. John VI Pfister 1637-1641 * in Würzburg, † September 20, 1641
40. Henry VI. usher 1641-1646 * in Unterspiesheim , election October 17, 1641, † October 5, 1646
41. Peter II. Scherenberger 1646-1658 * in Bad Brückenau , election October 21, 1646, † June 1, 1658 in Koppenwind

The abbots of the second bloom up to secularization (1658 to 1803)

Abbot Alberich Degen heralded the second bloom of the monastery. He is said to have brought the Silvanerrebe to Franconia and wrote a comprehensive history of his monastery. His successor Ludwig Ludwig began to erect the baroque monastery buildings that still characterize the abbey grounds. Soon afterwards, the courtyards and churches were rebuilt in the monastery villages. The last abbot Eugen Montag was deposed in 1803 and from then on lived in exile in Oberschwappach Castle .

The personal coat of arms of Abbot Eugen Montag
number Abbot's name Reign in Ebrach Remarks
42. Alberich sword 1658-1686 * August 25, 1625 in Zeil am Main, election June 6, 1658, † November 24, 1686
43. Ludwig Ludwig 1686-1696 * September 5, 1640 in Oberschwarzach , election December 1, 1686, called Ludovici, † May 23, 1696 in Nuremberg
44. Candidate Pfister 1696-1702 * in Sulzfeld am Main , election May 30, 1696, resignation December 2, 1702, † February 26, 1704
45. Paul II Baumann 1702-1714 * September 4, 1644 in Würzburg, election December 2, 1702, resignation August 26, 1714, † April 1, 1725
46. Wilhelm I. Solner 1714-1741 * December 30, 1671 in Gerolzhofen, election April 30, 1714, † April 24, 1741
47. Jerome II hero 1741-1773 * February 2, 1694 in Gerolzhofen, election May 16, 1741, † October 20, 1773
48. Wilhelm II. Roßhirt 1773-1791 * February 4, 1714 in Neustadt an der Saale on December 13, 1773 election, † February 25, 1791
49. Eugene Monday 1791-1803 * March 5, 1741 in Ebrach, dissolution of the monastery through secularization , † March 5, 1811 in Oberschwappach

literature

  • Adelhard Kaspar: Chronicle of the Ebrach Abbey . Münsterschwarzach 1971.
  • Wolfgang Wiemer (Ed.): Festschrift. Ebrach - 200 years after secularization in 1803 . Münsterschwarzach 2004.
  • Josef Wirth: The Ebrach Abbey. To commemorate eight hundred years. 1127-1927 . Gerolzhofen 1928.

Web links

Commons : paintings and coats of arms of the Ebrach abbots  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See: Weigand, Wiegand: History of the Franconian Cistercian Abbey of Ebrach . Landshut 1843.
  2. ↑ Kaspar, Adelhard: Chronicle of the Ebrach Abbey . Münsterschwarzach 1971.
  3. ↑ Wirth, Josef: The Ebrach Abbey . Gerolzhofen 1928.
  4. ↑ Wirth, Josef: The Ebrach Abbey . P. 20.
  5. ↑ Wirth, Josef: The Ebrach Abbey . P. 51.
  6. ↑ Kaspar, Adelhard: Chronicle of the Ebrach Abbey . P. 222 f.