List of Prime Ministers of Turkey

This list includes the Prime Ministers of Turkey .

history

The forerunner of the office between the years 1920 and 1923, ie during the time of the Turkish Liberation War , was the office of the "President of the Council of Enforcement Officers " ( Turkish İcra Vekilleri Heyeti Reisi ). The Council of Enforcement Officers was an executive committee of the National Assembly , which was constituted on April 23, 1920 in Ankara. A law of May 2, 1920 regulated the election of the members of this committee by the National Assembly. The Executive Committee was headed by the President of the National Assembly. If this was prevented, the chair was chaired by a committee member. In the constitution of January 20, 1921 , this state of affairs was constitutionally sanctioned and the election was determined by the members of the council of enforcement officers. However, according to Article 9 of the Constitution, the President of the National Assembly remained the “natural” chairman of the Council of Enforcement Commissioners. It was up to him to confirm the decisions of this council. By law of July 8, 1922, the election of the chairman of the council of enforcement officers was determined by the National Assembly.

Another change resulted from the introduction of the republic on October 29, 1923. The newly introduced office of President was made institutionally independent. However, he retained the authority to chair the National Assembly and the Council of Enforcement Commissioners in individual cases. The members of the Council of Enforcement Commissioners have now been appointed by the President and presented to the National Assembly for approval. The holder of the office was named Başvekil , which outside of Turkey was referred to as “Prime Minister”. The constitution of April 20, 1924 brought more detailed regulations, but no fundamental changes in the organization and designation of government bodies. From January 10, 1945, the names of the government, its members and its chairman was adapted to the international practice in Turkey while Başbakan (Prime Minister), Bakan (Minister) and Bakanlar Kurulu (Council of Ministers) turki Siert .

During the reign of Prime Minister Adnan Menderes , the old names were temporarily reintroduced in 1952. This was reversed after the military coup on May 27, 1960 .

Vekil , as the members of the Turkish government were called in the first two decades of the republic, actually means representative , commissioner . This was intended to express that the government should essentially be an executive committee of the National Assembly . In contrast, the ministers outside Turkey were called Nazır (“Minister”; actually an Arabic loan word meaning “seeing, looking (up)”) in Turkish usage . The Turkish word Bakan is the literal translation of nazır .

List of Presidents of the Council of Enforcement Officers

#		image	Surname	Taking office	Resignation	Political party	Enforcement Officer Council
1			Mustafa Kemal Pasha (1881–1938)	May 3, 1920	January 24, 1921	HF	I.
2			Mustafa Fevzi Pasha (1876–1950)	January 24, 1921	July 9, 1922	HF	II, III
3			Hüseyin Rauf Bey (1881–1964)	July 12, 1922	4th August 1923	HF	IV
4th			Ali Fethi Bey (1880-1943)	August 14, 1923	October 27, 1923	HF	V

List of Prime Ministers since the founding of the Republic

This is a list of the Turkish Prime Ministers from the founding of the Republic on October 29, 1923 until the introduction of the presidential system on July 9, 2018.

#		image	Surname	Taking office	Resignation	Political party	cabinet	government
1			İsmet Pasha (1884–1973)	October 30, 1923	November 22, 1924	HF	I, II	1st, 2nd
2			Ali Fethi Bey (1881-1943)	November 22, 1924	March 3, 1925	CHF	I.	3.
(1)			İsmet Pascha (from 1934 "İnönü") (1884–1973)	March 3, 1925	November 1, 1937	CHF / CHP	III, IV, V, VI, VII	4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th
3			Celâl Bayar (1883–1986)	November 1, 1937	January 25, 1939	CHP	I, II	9th, 10th
4th			Refik Saydam (1881-1942)	January 25, 1939	July 8, 1942	CHP	I, II	11., 12.
-			Ahmet Fikri Tüzer (acting) (1878–1942)	July 8, 1942	July 9, 1942	CHP	-	12.
5			Şükrü Saracoğlu (1887–1953)	July 9, 1942	August 7, 1946	CHP	I, II	13., 14.
6th			Recep Peker (1889-1950)	August 7, 1946	September 10, 1947	CHP	I.	15th
7th			Hasan Saka (1886–1960)	September 10, 1947	January 16, 1949	CHP	I, II	16., 17.
8th			Şemsettin Günaltay (1883–1961)	January 16, 1949	May 22, 1950	CHP	I.	18th
9			Adnan Menderes (1889–1961)	May 22, 1950	May 27, 1960	DP	I, II, III, IV, V	19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd
10			Cemal Gürsel (1895–1966)	May 30, 1960	October 27, 1961	military	I, II	24., 25.
-			Emin Fahrettin Özdilek (acting) (1898–1989)	October 27, 1961	November 20, 1961	military	-	25th
(1)			İsmet İnönü (1884–1973)	November 20, 1961	February 20, 1965	CHP	VIII, IX, X	26., 27., 28.
11			Suat Hayri Ürgüplü (1903–1981)	February 20, 1965	October 27, 1965	AP	I.	29
12			Süleyman Demirel (1924-2015)	October 27, 1965	March 26, 1971	AP	I, II, III	30., 31., 32.
13			Nihat Erim (1912–1980)	March 26, 1971	May 22, 1972	independent	I, II	33rd, 34th
14th			Ferit Melen (1906–1988)	May 22, 1972	April 15, 1973	independent	I.	35.
15th			Mehmet Naim Talu (1919–1998)	April 15, 1973	January 26, 1974	independent	I.	36.
16			Bülent Ecevit (1925-2006)	January 26, 1974	17th November 1974	CHP	I.	37.
17th			Sadi Irmak (1904–1990)	17th November 1974	March 31, 1975	independent	I.	38.
(12)			Süleyman Demirel (1924-2015)	March 31, 1975	June 21, 1977	AP	IV	39.
(16)			Bülent Ecevit (1925-2006)	June 21, 1977	July 21, 1977	CHP	II	40.
(12)			Süleyman Demirel (1924-2015)	July 21, 1977	5th January 1978	AP	V	41.
(16)			Bülent Ecevit (1925-2006)	5th January 1978	November 12, 1979	CHP	III	42.
(12)			Süleyman Demirel (1924-2015)	November 12, 1979	September 12, 1980	AP	VI	43.
18th			Bülend Ulusu (1923-2015)	20th September 1980	December 13, 1983	military	I.	44.
19th			Turgut Özal (1927–1993)	December 13, 1983	October 31, 1989	ANAP	I, II	45th, 46th
-			Ali Bozer (acting) (* 1925)	October 31, 1989	November 9, 1989	ANAP	-	46.
20th			Yıldırım Akbulut (* 1935)	November 9, 1989	June 23, 1991	ANAP	I.	47.
21st			Mesut Yılmaz (* 1947)	June 23, 1991	November 20, 1991	ANAP	I.	48.
(12)			Süleyman Demirel (1924-2015)	November 20, 1991	May 16, 1993	DYP	VII	49.
-			Erdal İnönü (acting) (1926-2007)	May 16, 1993	June 25, 1993	SHP	-	49.
22nd			Tansu Çiller (* 1946)	June 25, 1993	March 6, 1996	DYP	I, II, III	50th, 51st, 52nd
(21)			Mesut Yılmaz (* 1947)	March 6, 1996	June 28, 1996	ANAP	II	53.
23			Necmettin Erbakan (1926-2011)	June 28, 1996	June 30, 1997	RP	I.	54.
(21)			Mesut Yılmaz (* 1947)	June 30, 1997	January 11, 1999	ANAP	III	55.
(16)			Bülent Ecevit (1925-2006)	January 11, 1999	November 18, 2002	DSP	IV, V	56th, 57th
24			Abdullah Gül (* 1950)	November 18, 2002	March 14, 2003	ACP	I.	58.
25th			Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (* 1954)	March 14, 2003	August 28, 2014	ACP	I , II , III	59th, 60th, 61st
26th			Ahmet Davutoğlu (* 1959)	29th August 2014	May 24, 2016	ACP	I , II , III	62nd, 63rd, 64th
27			Binali Yıldırım (* 1955)	May 24, 2016	July 9, 2018	ACP	I.	65.
Office abolished in 2018, the tasks are taken over by the President .

Color legend

Halk Fırkası / Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası / Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi

Democrat Parti

Adalet Partisi

Anavatan Partisi

Dogru Yol Partisi

Social Democrat Halkçı Parti

Refah Partisi

Democracy Sol Parti

Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi

independent

military

See also

• List of presidents of Turkey
• List of Deputy Prime Ministers of Turkey
• Prime Minister of Turkey
• Political system of Turkey

Web links

• Official website of the government , www.turkiye.gov.tr ​​(Turkish)
• List of Heads of State and Government of Turkey , www.worldstatesmen.org (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Klaus Kreiser, Christoph K. Neumann: Small history of Turkey . Federal Agency for Civic Education , Bonn 2006, ISBN 3-89331-654-X , p. 480 f.
2. ↑ Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Hükümetleri , www.tbmm.gov.tr, accessed on March 20, 2009 (Turkish).
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Today's Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (CHP) was initially called "Halk Fırkası" (HF) until 1924 and "Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası" (CHF) from 1924 to 1935.