List of British ambassadors to Iran

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British Embassy in Tehran

This is a list of the British ambassadors in Persia and Iran .

history

Her Majesty ambassador to the Peacock Throne was often an official in the British East India Company from 1601 to 1873 . He thus corresponded to the ideal of the British envoy with his own income, which limited his parliamentary control over the budget. One of the early envoys was Robert Shirley , who brought 5,000 horses with him, with which he set up a Persian cavalry .

The peacock throne stood in different places. From 1598 to 1722 the Safavids temporarily ruled from Isfahan . In 1627 Abbas I was visited by Dodmore Cotton in Behschahr on his country estate , the delegation followed the court to Qazvin . Abbas I also ruled from Tehran for a time . From 1736 to 1747 Nadir Shah resided in Mashhad . From 1760 to 1779 Karim Khan resided in Shiraz . From 1779 to 1925, the residence of Qajar in Teheran .

The strategy of The Great Game sought the explanatory figure that British India was threatened by France and / or Russia. The peace of Tilsit concluded by Napoleon Bonaparte and Alexander I on July 7th and 9th, 1807, and the Treaty of Finckenstein on the Franco-Persian alliance were presented from the perspective of a Franco-Russian advance on British India . This seemed to be confirmed by the subsequent war successes of the Russian army. In the Russo-Persian War (1804–1813) , the Russian Empire conquered Georgia and large areas of the Caucasus . In the Russo-Turkish War (1806-1812) it secured large parts of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldova as well as Bessarabia .

The peace of Gulistan of October 12, 1813, concluded under the auspices of the Foreign Office and through the mediation of the British Ambassador to Persia, Gore Ouseley, granted the Russian Empire Transcaucasia . Thus an expansion of the Ottoman Empire in the east was prevented. The Great Game led to the Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1907) by which the Russian and British governments divided Persia into spheres of interest that were manifested by the Anglo-Russian invasion of Iran from 1914 to 1919.

The Governor General and Viceroy of India , George Eden, 1st Earl of Auckland justified imperial interests in Afghanistan with the security needs of British India . With Russian military aid, Persian troops besieged Herat in 1839, which the British took as the occasion for the first Anglo-Afghan war .

The Qajar waived until the mid 19th century to trade agreements with the British, was where a nationwide network required by British consulates.

Consulates general had existed in Bushehr since 1878 , in Isfahan since 1891 and in Mashhad since 1889 . Consuls were installed in Ahvaz , Kerman , Kermanshah , Khorramshahr , Rasht , Zahedan and Shiraz exequatur . The British legation in Tehran was upgraded to an embassy after the Tehran Conference in 1944.

ambassador

Appointed / Accredited Surname Remarks appointed during the reign of accredited at Leave post
1290 Geoffrey of Langley Edward I. Gaichatu
1561 Antony Jenkinson Elizabeth I. Tahmasp I.
Dec. 1, 1599 Robert Shirley Elizabeth I. Abbas I. 1600
1621 Thomas Roe Jacob I. Abbas I.
1627 Dodmore Cotton Secretary: Stodart Robert Charles I. Abbas I.
1743 Jonas Hanway George II Aga Mohammed Khan
1801 John Malcolm Jonathan Duncan's agent Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth Fath Ali Shah
1807 Harford Jones Envoy Extraordinary William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland Fath Ali Shah 1811
1810 Gore Ouseley ambassador Spencer Perceval Fath Ali Shah 1814
Apr 1, 1814 James Justinian Morier Ministre plénipotentiaire Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool Fath Ali Shah 1815
Apr 13, 1814 Henry Ellis Ministre plénipotentiaire ad interim, during the absence of James Justinian Morier Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool Fath Ali Shah 1815
1815 Henry Willock Chargé d'affaires Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool Fath Ali Shah 1822
1823 Henry Willock Chargé d'affaires Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool Fath Ali Shah 1826
July 29, 1826 John Macdonald Kinneir aoEnvoy of William Pitt Amherst, 1st Earl Amherst Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool Fath Ali Shah 1830
1830 John Nicoll Robert Campbell Charge d'Affaires , 1830 General and plénipotentiaire Ministre Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Gray Fath Ali Shah 1835
1835 Henry Ellis William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne Mohammed Shah 1836
1836 Sir John McNeill William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne Mohammed Shah 1838
1839 Break in diplomatic relations Siege of Herat by Qajar troops at the start of the first Anglo-Afghan war William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne Mohammed Shah 1841
1839 Sir John McNeill William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne Mohammed Shah 1844
1842 Justin Sheil D'affaires from 1844 ao Minister and Minister for plénipotentiaire Robert Peel Mohammed Shah 1854
1847 Francis Farrant Chargé d'affaires John Russell, 1st Earl Russell Mohammed Shah 1849
Nov 1849 William Taylour Thomson Chargé d'affaires John Russell, 1st Earl Russell Naser ad-Din Shah Nov. 1855
1854 Charles Augustus Murray Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby Naser ad-Din Shah 1858
Nov 1, 1856 Break in diplomatic relations Anglo-Persian War Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston Naser ad-Din Shah Apr 4, 1857
1857 Charles Augustus Murray Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston Naser ad-Din Shah 1859
1858 William Doria Chargé d'affaires Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby Naser ad-Din Shah 1859
Nov. 1859 Ronald Ferguson Thomson Chargé d'affaires Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston Naser ad-Din Shah Dec 1859
1859 Henry Creswicke Rawlinson Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston Naser ad-Din Shah 1860
Apr 7, 1860 Charles Alison Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston Naser ad-Din Shah Apr 29, 1872
May 1860 Lewis Pelly Chargé d'affaires Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston Naser ad-Din Shah July 1860
Nov 1862 Ronald Ferguson Thomson Chargé d'affaires Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston Naser ad-Din Shah Dec 1862
Dec 1862 Edward Backhouse Eastwick Chargé d'affaires Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston Naser ad-Din Shah Jan. 1863
1863 Ronald Ferguson Thomson Chargé d'affaires Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston Naser ad-Din Shah 1870
Apr. 1872 William John Dickson Chargé d'affaires Benjamin Disraeli Naser ad-Din Shah May 1872
1872 Ronald Ferguson Thomson Chargé d'affaires Benjamin Disraeli Naser ad-Din Shah 1873
1872 William Taylour Thomson Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire Benjamin Disraeli Naser ad-Din Shah 1879
1879 Ronald Ferguson Thomson Chargé 1878-79. Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary 1879-87 Benjamin Disraeli Naser ad-Din Shah 1887
1885 Arthur Nicolson Chargé d'affaires Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury Naser ad-Din Shah 1888
1888 Henry Drummond Wolff William Ewart Gladstone Naser ad-Din Shah 1891
1889 Robert John Kennedy Chargé d'affaires William Ewart Gladstone Naser ad-Din Shah 1891
1891 Frank Lascelles Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire William Ewart Gladstone Naser ad-Din Shah 1894
1894 William Conyngham Greene Chargé d'affaires Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery Naser ad-Din Shah 1894
1894 Mortimer Durand Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery Naser ad-Din Shah 1900
1897 Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst Chargé d'affaires Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury Mozaffar ad-Din Shah 1898
1900 Cecil Spring-Rice Chargé d'affaires Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury Mozaffar ad-Din Shah
1900 Arthur Henry Hardinge Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury Mozaffar ad-Din Shah 1906
Oct 1902 Charles Louis des Graz Chargé d'affaires Arthur Balfour Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Nov. 1902
Sep 1905 Evelyn Mountstuart Grant Duff Chargé d'affaires Henry Campbell-Bannerman Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Sep 1906
1906 Cecil Spring-Rice Henry Campbell-Bannerman Mozaffar ad-Din Shah 1908
1908 George Head Barclay Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire Herbert Henry Asquith Mohammed Ali Shah 1912
1912 Walter Beaupré Townley Herbert Henry Asquith Ahmad Shah Qajar 1916
1916 Charles Marling David Lloyd George Ahmad Shah Qajar 1918
1918 Percy Zachariah Cox David Lloyd George Ahmad Shah Qajar 1920
1920 Herman Cameron Norman Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire David Lloyd George Ahmad Shah Qajar 1921
1921 Percy Lyham Loraine Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire David Lloyd George Ahmad Shah Qajar 1926
1926 Robert Henry Clive Ramsay MacDonald Reza Shah Pahlavi 1931
1931 Reginald Hoare Ramsay MacDonald Reza Shah Pahlavi 1935
1934 Hughe Montgomery Knatchbull-Hugessen Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire Ramsay MacDonald Reza Shah Pahlavi 1939
1936 Horace James Seymour Stanley Baldwin Reza Shah Pahlavi 1942
Feb. 1944 Reader Bullard Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire Winston Churchill Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1946
Apr 18, 1946 John Helier Le Rougetel ambassador Winston Churchill Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1950
March 4th 1950 Francis Shepherd Winston Churchill Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1952
Jan. 28, 1952 George Humphrey Middleton Winston Churchill Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Oct 31, 1952 Break in diplomatic relations Following the re-tendering of the concessions for the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, MI6 initiated Operation Boot and the diplomatic mission was withdrawn. Winston Churchill Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1953
Dec 22, 1953 Denis Arthur Hepworth Wright Chargé d'affaires Winston Churchill Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
1954 Roger Bentham Stevens Winston Churchill Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1958
1958 Geoffrey Wedgwood Harrison Harold Macmillan Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1963
1963 Denis Arthur Hepworth Wright Alec Douglas Home Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1971
1971 Peter Ramsbotham, 3rd Viscount Soulbury Edward Heath Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1974
1974 Anthony Derrick Parsons Harold Wilson Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1979
1979 John Alexander Noble Graham, 4th Baronet Margaret Thatcher Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1980
1980 Stephen Jeremy Barrett Head of British Interests Section, Royal Swedish Embassy, ​​Tehran Margaret Thatcher Abolhassan Banisadr 1981
1981 Nicholas John Barrington Head of British Interests Section, Royal Swedish Embassy, ​​Tehran Margaret Thatcher Ali Khamene'i 1983
1984 Paul Andrew Ramsay Senior Visa Officer British Interests Section, Tehran Margaret Thatcher Ali Khamene'i 1987
1989 Nicholas Walker Browne Fatwa by Ruhollah Khomeini / Salman Rushdie Margaret Thatcher Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani Feb. 14, 1989
Feb. 14, 1989 Break in diplomatic relations Fatwa by Ruhollah Khomeini / Salman Rushdie Margaret Thatcher Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani 1990
1990 David Reddaway John Major Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani 1993
1993 Jeffrey Russell James Chargé d'affaires John Major Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani 1997
1997 Nicholas Walker Browne Tony Blair Mohammad Chatami 2002
2003 Richard John Dalton Tony Blair Mohammad Chatami 2006
2006 Geoffrey Adams Tony Blair Mahmoud Ahmadinejad 2009
2009 Simon Gass Gordon Brown Mahmoud Ahmadinejad Apr 14, 2011
Oct 2011 Dominick Chilcott David Cameron Mahmoud Ahmadinejad Nov 2011
Nov 29, 2011 Break in diplomatic relations The British embassy in Tehran was closed after an attack on the embassy on November 29, 2011. Sweden represented British interests in Iran through a British interests division at the Swedish embassy in Tehran. David Cameron Mahmoud Ahmadinejad Nov 11, 2013
Nov 11, 2013 Ajay Sharma non-resident charge d'affaires in Tehran David Cameron Hassan Rouhani 23 Aug 2015
23 Aug 2015 Ajay Sharma Chargé d'affaires in Tehran opens the British Embassy in Tehran. David Cameron Hassan Rouhani Nov 2015
Dec 2015 Nicholas Hopton Chargé d'affaires in Tehran. David Cameron Hassan Rouhani Sep 2016
Sep 2016 Nicholas Hopton appointed ambassador. Theresa May Hassan Rouhani
Apr. 2018 Robert Nigel Paul Macaire ambassador Theresa May Hassan Rouhani

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ brill.nl (PDF)  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.brill.nl  
  2. ↑ UK for Iranians . Archived from the original on December 19, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2013., British Embassy Tehran
  3. ^ Appointment of UK non-resident Chargé d'Affaires to Iran . Foreign & Commonwealth Office, November 11, 2013
  4. ↑ British embassy in Tehran reopens four years after closure . BBC News , Aug. 23, 2015
  5. ^ Chargé d'Affaires to Iran appointed. Foreign & Commonwealth Office, December 30, 2015
  6. ↑ UK appoints first ambassador to Iran in five years . BBC News , September 5, 2016
  7. ↑ Change of Her Majesty's Ambassador to Iran in April 2018 . Foreign & Commonwealth Office. March 14, 2018.
  8. ↑ Denis Wright: The English amongst the Persians: imperial lives in nineteenth-century Iran . bl.uk