Polkau

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Polkau
Hanseatic City of Osterburg (Altmark)
Coordinates: 52 ° 44 ′ 7 ″  N , 11 ° 45 ′ 20 ″  E
Height : 34 m above sea level NHN
Area : 7.73 km²
Residents : 95  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 12 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1950
Incorporated into: Experience
Postal code : 39606
Area code : 039328
Polkau (Saxony-Anhalt)
Polkau

Location in Saxony-Anhalt
Protestant village church Polkau
Protestant village church Polkau

Polkau belongs to the village of Erxleben and is a district of the Hanseatic city of Osterburg (Altmark) in the Stendal district in Saxony-Anhalt .

geography

Polkau, a street village with a church, is five kilometers south of Osterburg (Altmark) and fifteen kilometers north of the district town of Stendal in the Altmark .

Neighboring towns are Ballerstedt in the west, Erxleben in the north, Petersmark in the east, Ziegenhagen and Häsewig in the southeast, and Rochau in the south.

history

The location of the church to the side of the current village street suggests an originally round village complex ( Rundling ).

In 1200 a Heinricus de Polchowe was named as a witness in a document in Goslar, in another copy of the document he is called Henricus de Polchave . A Heinricus de Polchowe was also performed in 1205 .

The first written mention of the village Polkau comes from the year 1282 as in villa Polekowe , when the margraves Otto V and Konrad donated a new prebend for a canon of the cathedral monastery in Stendal who served them . In the Landbuch der Mark Brandenburg from 1375 the village is listed as Polkow . In 1687 the name was Polckow . In 1804 the village was called Polkau and Polkow .

There was already a mill in town in 1589. In the hereditary register of the Landreiterei of the Tangermünde and Polkow Office, the duties of the residents were listed in detail: The residents give chickens and eggs to the Tangermünde Office. ... The miller has no field, has the mill, serves with his neck, gives a pound of pepper to the Schulenburg . The windmill stood at the southern exit of the village until 1932.

From local tradition it is reported that during construction work around the turn of the 20th century, cellar vaults of a building possibly belonging to an earlier knight's seat were found. In the historical local lexicon for the Altmark there are no documents about a property or a knight's seat or about their dissolution.

In the spring of 1953, the first agricultural production cooperative, the LPG Type III "Unity", was formed in Polkau. In 1960 the LPG type III “ Clara Zetkin ” and the LPG type I “Rising Sun” are performed in Polkau. In 1968 the LPG Type I “Rising Sun” was connected to the LPG Type III “Clara Zetkin”. From this later, through mergers with other cooperatives, the LPG animal production "Free Earth", whose administration was in Polkau. A pig fattening facility for 700 animals was built in Polkau.

Origin of the place name

Based on the earliest mention of Polekowe , Ernst Haetge assumed in 1938 that the name was of Wendish origin, from poles for house , polü for field , polan or pole for field man . Or it could be a proper name . A Slavic origin of the name is now considered certain.

prehistory

In 1935 Bernhard Brauer dug up urn fragments in fire graves near Polkau . The settlement was based on the Bronze Age around 750 BC. Dated.

Incorporations

The municipality of Polkau was incorporated into the municipality of Erxleben on July 1, 1950 from the Osterburg district. On January 1, 1964, the reorganization to Ballerstedt took place, but on November 22, 1967 the district was reclassified to Erxleben.

When the municipality of Exleben merged with other municipalities on July 1, 2009 to form the unified municipality of the Hanseatic City of Osterburg (Altmark) , Polkau and Erxleben became part of the city and the newly formed village of Exleben.

Population development

year Residents
1734 174
1772 156
1790 139
1798 158
1801 157
year Residents
1818 152
1840 180
1864 196
1871 203
1885 237
year Residents
1892 [00]238
1895 [0]219
1900 [00]221
1905 [0]214
1910 [00]202
year Residents
1925 [0]246
1931 246
1939 [0]211
1946 [0]358
1947 346
year Residents
2007 114
2011 [00]106
2012 [00]114
2018 [0]095
2019 [0]095

religion

The Protestant parish Polkau used to belong to the parish of Erxleben near Osterburg. The parish Polkau with the Church of St. Peter and Paul is now maintained by the parish area Königsmark in the church district Stendal in Propst Sprengel Stendal Magdeburg of the Evangelical Church in Central Germany .

According to Ernst Machholz, the oldest surviving church books for Polkau date from 1643. Ernst Haetge, however, states that the oldest church books date from 1646, with registers for 1751 to 1877 being available.

Culture and sights

  • The Protestant village church of Polau, a three-part stone church , was probably built in the second half of the 12th century. The brick technique was used in the area of ​​the arched openings and outer corners . In the tower there is still a bronze bell from the 15th century and a large steel bell that was cast in Apolda in 1923 and has been rung electrically since 2006. Two more bells were dismantled during the First World War .
  • The center of Polkau, many houses in the northern part of the village, are under monument protection.
  • The local cemetery is in the churchyard.
Gypsy crypt
  • The gypsy crypt is a special feature of the Polkau cemetery. A gypsy baron named Strauss came to Polkau with his clan after the end of the First World War and bought a house and a paddock on the edge of the village. With a bag of gold pieces, he obtained permission from the pastor and mayor to build a crypt in the cemetery. The baron died in 1920, his wife in 1925 - both were buried embalmed in zinc coffins. A third zinc coffin with the body of a child was added in 1927. In the winter of 1935, two women wrapped in fur coats were seen in the crypt for the last time.
  • The association forging eV is a "non-profit, youth and adult self-organized, open Youth Exchange and Cultural Association," in 1994 from the 1993 founded Polkau Youth Initiative was born.

Regular events

Since 1994 the elderflower festival has been held every year in the summer months .

Sports

The Polkau volunteer fire brigade has been a master in the wet fire extinguishing discipline in the Osterburg area since 2007 .

Economy and Infrastructure

Companies

Schweinzucht Polkau GmbH operates a sow facility in Polkau, according to a monitoring report from the Saxony-Anhalt state administrative office.

traffic

Polkau is located on the district road 1069 from Bismark (Altmark) to Osterburg (Altmark) and one kilometer west of the federal road 189 (Stendal− Wittenberge ). The nearest train station is in Osterburg, five kilometers away.

Volunteer firefighter

On March 19, 1901, 22 men founded the Polkau volunteer fire brigade . Today it is supported by the Association of the Volunteer Fire Brigade Polkau e. V.

Others

On behalf of Octopus Media Berlin, Polkau was the location for filming for the film Die Tanke in 2000, which was later called the final station Tanke . A gas station was built especially for this on the road between Polkau and Ballerstedt , but according to the script by Natalie Steinwart and Peter D'Ambrosio, it was blown up in the last days of filming.

personality

literature

Web links

Commons : Polkau  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Peter P. Rohrlach: Historisches Ortslexikon für die Altmark (Historisches Ortslexikon für Brandenburg, Teil XII) . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-2235-5 , pp. 1675-1681 .
  2. ↑ a b c Nico Maß: Only four digits left . In: Osterburger Volksstimme . January 21, 2020, DNB  1047269554 , p. 13 .
  3. ↑ Hansestadt Osterburg (Altmark): Main Statute Hansestadt Osterburg (Altmark), § 15 Local Constitution of July 3, 2019. July 5, 2019, accessed on April 10, 2020 .
  4. ↑ a b c Saxony-Anhalt viewer of the State Office for Surveying and Geoinformation ( notes )
  5. ↑ a b c d Ernst Haetge: The district of Osterburg (=  The art monuments of the province of Saxony . Volume 4 ). Hopfer, Burg near Magdeburg 1938, DNB  361451652 , p. 253-255 .
  6. ^ Hermann Krabbo: Regesta of the Margraves of Brandenburg from Ascanic house . Ed .: Association for the history of the Mark Brandenburg. 1. Delivery. Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1910, p. 105 , No. 510 ( uni-potsdam.de ).
  7. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents . Main part 2nd volume 1 . Berlin 1843, p. 1 ( digitized version ).
  8. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents . Main part 1st volume 10 . Berlin 1856, p. 410 ( digitized version ).
  9. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents . Main part 1st volume 5 . Berlin 1845, p. 45 ( digitized version ).
  10. ↑ Johannes Schultze : The land book of the Mark Brandenburg from 1375 (=  Brandenburg land books . Volume 2 ). Commission publisher von Gsellius, Berlin 1940, p. 314-315 ( uni-potsdam.de ).
  11. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg . For statisticians, businessmen, especially for camera operators. tape 1 . Berlin 1804, p. 262 ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A10000735~SZ%3D00284~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D ).
  12. ↑ a b c d e Corrie Leitz: The Polkau district introduces itself. In: osterburg.eu. 2017, accessed April 25, 2020 .
  13. ^ Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark (Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part XII) . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-2235-5 , pp. 645 .
  14. ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , pp. 342, 346 .
  15. ↑ Landkreis Stendal: Territorial change agreement for the formation of the new municipality of Hanseatic City of Osterburg (Altmark) . In: Official Journal for the district of Stendal . 19th year, no. 2 , January 28, 2009, ZDB -ID 2665593-7 , p. 13–19 ( landkreis-stendal.de [PDF; 512 kB ; accessed on April 18, 2020]).
  16. ^ A b c Wilhelm Zahn : Local history of the Altmark . Edited by Martin Ehlies based on the bequests of the author. 2nd Edition. Verlag Salzwedeler Wochenblatt, Graphische Anstalt, GmbH, Salzwedel 1928, DNB  578458357 , p. 188 .
  17. ↑ a b How many inhabitants count the individual places . In: Volksstimme Magdeburg, local edition Osterburg . January 12, 2013 ( volksstimme.de [accessed April 11, 2020]).
  18. ↑ Parish Almanac or the Protestant clergy and churches of the Province of Saxony in the counties of Wernigerode, Rossla and Stolberg . 19th year, 1903, ZDB -ID 551010-7 , p. 87 ( wiki-de.genealogy.net [accessed April 25, 2020]).
  19. ^ Parish area Königsmark. Retrieved April 22, 2020 .
  20. ↑ Ernst Machholz: The church books of the Protestant churches in the province of Saxony (=  communications from the Central Office for German Personal and Family History . 30th issue). Leipzig 1925, p. 12 ( wiki-de.genealogy.net [accessed April 25, 2020]).
  21. ↑ Thomas Hartwig: All Altmark churches from A to Z . Elbe-Havel-Verlag, Havelberg 2012, ISBN 978-3-9814039-5-4 , p. 365-366 .
  22. ^ Schmiede eV Accessed on April 25, 2020 .
  23. ↑ State Administration Office Saxony-Anhalt: Monitoring report . January 10, 2020 ( sachsen-anhalt.de [PDF; accessed April 25, 2020]).