Krumke

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Krumke
Hanseatic City of Osterburg (Altmark)
Coordinates: 52 ° 47 ′ 55 ″  N , 11 ° 43 ′ 1 ″  E
Height : 29 m above sea level NHN
Area : 7.56 km²
Residents : 153  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 20 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st February 1974
Postal code : 39606
Area code : 03937
Krumke (Saxony-Anhalt)
Krumke

Location in Saxony-Anhalt
Krumke Castle
Krumke Castle

Krumke is a district of the Hanseatic city of Osterburg (Altmark) in the Altmark in Saxony-Anhalt .

geography

The street village of Krumke is located three kilometers northwest of Osterburg in the nature reserve eastern edge of the Arendsee plateau in the Altmark . In the south of the village lies the Krumke Castle Park with a castle. The light coming from the north small stream, the "Krumme Beke", flows into the castle pond and in the south of that location piping .

Neighboring towns are Schliecksdorf in the west, Krevese in the northwest, Polkern in the north, Osterburg in the southeast and Zedau in the south.

history

Krumke Castle was first mentioned in a document in 1311 as castrum Crumbecke in the Halberstadt fiefdom register. In 1320 Crumbeke belonged to the Wittum of the Duchess Anna of Breslau . In 1323 the castle was called castro Chrumbeche . After Anna's death, the castle went to the Margrave Ludwig of Bavaria and his successors, who enfeoffed various families. In the Landbuch der Mark Brandenburg from 1375 it says Krumbeke habent illi die Rederen . Further mentions are 1541 Krumpke , 1687 Crumcke , 1775 the Krumcksche Kleine Vorwerk and 1804 Krumcke .

Castle and Castle Krumke

Krumke Castle
Deer statue at the castle

Krumke Castle as a margravial castle and the Osterburg, Rossau and Gladigau castles together formed a line of fortification against the Slavs living on the other side of the Biese . The brook "Krumme Beke" used to form an artificially created island on its way to the Biese at a bend, on which the Krumke moated castle stood, the remains of which are no longer preserved.

As early as 1649, Christoph von Kannenberg had the orangery built on the north side of the park. The earliest surviving plan map of Krumke was created in 1724 by Friedrich Wilhelm von Kannenberg. It shows a rectangular shape similar to the later baroque complex. The garden was laid out in the French style by the garden architect Charles La Rond from Paris, who died in Krumke in 1719. The site plan from 1769 shows a French baroque complex. The old castle was probably demolished in 1760 and the remains were used to build the manor house in Iden. During excavation work, the remains of an old castle, weapons and equipment were found on the hill surrounded by a drainage ditch of the Beke.

In 1853 the moat was drained and in 1854 a new castle was built on the island and the gardens created in the 18th century were changed.

These ownership structures over the castle and palace are considered secure:

  • before 1375 to 1608 by Redern
  • 1608 to 1612 from Winterfeld
  • 1612–1650 from Bülow to Gartow,
  • 1650–1762 by Kannenberg, including Christoph von Kannenberg
  • Divided 1762–1795 and then reunited
    • Widow von Kannenberg, née Countess von Finckenstein, about a share in Krumke
    • the daughter, married General von Kahlden , over the rest of Krumke
  • From 1795 to 1911 widowed General von Kahlden, nee Freiin von Kannenberg and heir
  • 1911–1932 by Gwinner and
  • until 1934 partly from Gwinnersche Gutsverwaltung, civil law company or the two daughters of the owner of Gwinner: Margarethe Klingler, née von Gwinner,,
  • until 1935 partly Charlotte von Wedel, née von Gwinner
  • 1934 and 1935–1945 Prof. Karl Klingler in Berlin-Charlottenburg

In 1911 Arthur von Gwinner, at that time spokesman for the board of directors of Deutsche Bank , acquired the manor with Krumke Castle and the park. He had it completely renovated and partly redesigned. Gwinner had the old mansion demolished around 1913 and built today's Kavaliershaus on the same site. His daughters Charlotte and Margarethe acquired the property from inheritance transfer. The latter transferred the fortune to her husband, Karl Klingler, an important violinist of the 20th century and first violinist of the quartet of the same name.

The previous owners were expropriated through the land reform in 1945. A tuberculosis sanctuary was set up in the castle, and later a children's sanatorium. After the end of the GDR , the castle stood empty for a long time.

In the summer of 2003, the two-part film Das Bernstein-Amulett with Muriel Baumeister , Nadeshda Brennicke , Jaecki Schwarz , Nadja Tiller , Walter Giller and Eva-Maria Hagen was shot under the direction of Gabi Kubach at Krumke Castle, Osterburg and Tangermünde . The film is based on the novel of the same name by Peter Prange .

The district was the owner of the castle until 2004, the city of Osterburg owned the property. In 2004 the castle and the surrounding castle island went into private ownership. A former Krumker and his business partner acquired both and saved it from deterioration by gradually renovating and moving into the building. It is used by the registry office in Osterburg as a wedding venue. The men cultivated the 12,000 square meters of garden themselves. In March 2020, the castle was sold to new owners who also come from the region.

Rotenförde desert - Krumke sheep farm

Wilhelm Zahn reported in 1909: “In the 17th or 18th century, a sheep farm of the Krumke manor was established on the desert field . It is located three kilometers northeast of Krumke on the west side of the road from Osterburg to Seehausen. To the west of it is "the old farm". The part of the forest to the south-west of it is still called “Beim Roten Fort” today. ”The place was first mentioned in 1238 as Due slavice ville iuxta Osterborgh, una vocatur Tilhorn et alia Rodenvort when Count Siegfried von Osterburg resigned his property. In the place, the legend is about the Wendenschlacht near Krumke . Today the place is in the middle of the forest.

Krumke in historical regional literature - earlier mentions

In 1875, Adolf Matthias Hildebrandt gave a detailed account of the history of the village and castle - the essay is still worth reading today.

August Hofmeister, a pastor from Bretsch, reported in a lecture in 1884 about a document from the year 956 and concluded from the document that the Krumke Castle existed in the year 956, which historians see differently today.

Wilhelm Zahn wrote in 1909: “In 1170, Margrave Otto I donated several villages to the diocese of Havelberg, including“ ... a part of “the neighboring village of Losse but with the exception of the castle service that the inhabitants of these villages had to perform in their castrum provinciale , For Losse this is to be understood in any case as Krumke, to whose Burgward it must have belonged. ”Today, science does not regard this assumption as documentary evidence.

Origin of the place name

The old place name "Crumbecke" can be derived from the Old High German crumb 'for bent , winding and' Beek for Bach, so Krumke means Krummbach . A small stream flows west of the castle, which is called "Krumme Beke" because of a kink.

Incorporations

On September 30, 1928 the manor district Krumke was united with the rural community Krumke.

On 25 July 1952, the municipality Krumke was from the district Osterburg in the district Osterburg reclassified. On December 11, 1968, the community of Zedau was incorporated into Krumke. On February 1, 1974, the municipality of Krumke was incorporated into the city of Osterburg (Altmark). Krumke and Zedau became districts of Osterburg.

Population development

year 1734 1772 1789 1798 1801 1818 1840 1864 1871 1885 1892 1895 1900 1905
Krumke village 55 85 185 64 174 182 219 114 088 107 191 107 196 093
Good Krumke 115 81 109 124 101 067 108
year Residents
1925 179
1939 161
1946 260
1964 369
1971 334
year Residents
2011 146
2012 150
2018 163
2019 153

religion

The Protestant Christians belong to the Krumke parish, which formerly belonged to the Losse parish near Seehausen in the Altmark. Today the parish belongs to the parish Osterburg and is looked after by the parish of Osterburg in the parish of Stendal in the provost district of Stendal-Magdeburg of the Evangelical Church in Central Germany .

The oldest surviving church registers for Losse date from 1645.

Culture and sights

Gatehouse of Krumke Castle
  • The evangelical village church Krumke is a late Romanesque field stone building from the middle of the 12th century. The rectangular west tower made of brick was built in 1724/25.
  • The orangery from 1751, the estate and the former coach house are also privately owned today. The castle with the park and the adjoining buildings is a listed building .
  • There is an equestrian facility with two riding arenas and outdoor areas. The facility is the location of a vaulting team , the "Krumker Voltis", and an EU insemination station of the Brandenburg State Stud Neustadt / Dosse .
  • In Krumke there is a memorial for those who died in the First and Second World Wars, an erect boulder with names engraved and a metal plaque attached later.
  • The local cemetery is in the churchyard.

Krumke Castle Park

The park in the style of an English landscape garden is the most important garden work of art in the Altmark . It was created around 1850 by redesigning the baroque garden. It is freely accessible. Its approximately 400 year old box hedge and many rare tree species such as copper beech, bald cypress, holly and ginkgo tree are worth seeing. It has been a protected park since May 23, 1967, owned by the city of Osterburg. The park was included in the list of the 40 most beautiful parks in Saxony-Anhalt ( "Garden Dreams" ).

Cavalier House

The Kavaliershaus was acquired by the "Förderverein Schloss Krumke" and renovated with extensive financial support from the state and the EU . There is a restaurant in it.

Legends from Krumke

Schimmelreiter

Alfred Pohlmann passed this legend on in 1901: The Hereditary Marshal Leopold von Kahlden zu Krumke died there on February 11, 1837. It is said that he was in league with the devil and was able to ride around the fire . On moonlit nights he still rides a white horse without a head on the garden wall from the gloomy mountain cabinet, in which it is supposed to be uncomfortable, to the greenhouse.

Wendenschlacht near Krumke

Pohlmann also passed on the following legend: “A murderous battle once took place near the village of Krumke. Albrecht the Bear fought with the leader of the Wends, Huder von Stade, where the Krumke sheep farm is. In this battle such a large number of warriors were killed on both sides that the whole earth was colored red by the blood shed and a stream in the village was completely filled with blood. " Christoph Entzelt wrote in 1579" Ward the brook hereafter called the red fort ”. Hanns HF Schmidt told the legend in 1994 under the title “The Red Ford”.

Treasures in the tower

Heinrich Christoph Steinhart passed this legend on in 1802: General Christoph von Kannenberg piled up enormous treasures in Krumke during the Thirty Years' War . They were kept in a solid tower. Most of them are said to have been stolen by a bold but never discovered theft.

Web links

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local lexicon for the Altmark (Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg, Part XII) . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-2235-5 , pp. 1276-1281 .
  2. ↑ a b c Nico Maß: Only four digits left . In: Osterburger Volksstimme . January 21, 2020, DNB  1047269554 , p. 13 .
  3. ^ Directory of municipalities and parts of municipalities . Area as of 1 April 2013 (= Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt [Ed.]: Directories / 003 . No. 2013 ). Halle (Saale) May 2013, p. 115 ( destatis.de [PDF; 1.6 MB ; accessed on August 24, 2019]).
  4. ↑ a b c Saxony-Anhalt viewer of the State Office for Surveying and Geoinformation ( notes )
  5. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents . Main part 1st volume 17 . Berlin 1859, p. 475, 441 ( digitized version ).
  6. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents . Main part 2nd volume 1 . Berlin 1843 ( digitized version ).
  7. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents . Main part 2nd volume 2 . Berlin 1845, p. 6, 7 ( digitized version ).
  8. ^ A b Wilhelm Zahn : The desertions of the Altmark . In: Historical sources of the Province of Saxony and neighboring areas . tape 43 . Hendel, Halle as 1909, p. 354–355 , No. 286 Krumke Castle .
  9. ↑ Johannes Schultze : The land book of the Mark Brandenburg from 1375 (=  Brandenburg land books . Volume 2 ). Commission publisher von Gsellius, Berlin 1940, p. 63 ( uni-potsdam.de ).
  10. ↑ a b c Adolf Matthias Hildebrandt: Aphorisms on the history of Krumbke Castle and its owners . In: Annual reports of the Altmark Association for Patriotic History . 18th Annual Report, 1875, p. 75–112 ( altmark-geschichte.de [PDF]).
  11. ↑ a b c d Jochen Reinecke: Krumke . In: German Society in Saxony-Anhalt eV (Hrsg.): Palaces and gardens in Saxony-Anhalt . 2005.
  12. ↑ a b c Mario Titze in: Georg Dehio : Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler . Saxony-Anhalt. Volume I: Ute Bednarz, Folkhard Cremer and others: Magdeburg administrative region. Revision. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich et al. 2002, ISBN 3-422-03069-7 , pp. 502–504.
  13. ^ Sibylle Sperling: The kings of Krumke . In: Stendaler Volksstimme . September 5, 2015, DNB  1002381223 , p. I (39) .
  14. ↑ Ralf Franke: Krumke Castle changes hands . In: Volksstimme Magdeburg, local edition Osterburg . March 12, 2020 ( volksstimme.de [accessed April 14, 2020]).
  15. ^ Wilhelm Zahn : The desolation of the Altmark . In: Historical sources of the Province of Saxony and neighboring areas . tape 43 . Hendel, Halle as 1909, p. 193 , No. 199 Rotenförde .
  16. ^ Peter Wilhelm Behrens: Count Siegfried von Osterburg and Altenhausen resigned many villages and properties in the Altmark in 1238 . In: Annual reports of the Altmark Association for Patriotic History . 4th Annual Report, 1841, p. 49 ( altmark-geschichte.de [PDF]).
  17. ^ Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark (Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part XII) . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-2235-5 , pp. 1830 .
  18. ^ Association for pastors in the Evangelical Church of the Church Province of Saxony e. V. (Ed.): Pastor's Book of the Church Province of Saxony (=  Series Pastorum . Volume 10 ). Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-374-02142-0 , p. 138 .
  19. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents . Main part 1st volume 25 . Berlin 1863, p. 166 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ August Friedrich Gebhardt Hofmeister: Historical discussions on the certificate of Emperor Otto I from the year 956 . In: Annual reports of the Altmark Association for Patriotic History . 18th Annual Report, 1884, p. 31–49 ( altmark-geschichte.de [PDF]).
  21. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents . Main part 1st volume 2 . Berlin 1842, p. 441 ( digitized version ).
  22. ↑ Ernst Haetge: The circle Osterburg (=  The art monuments of the Province of Saxony . Band 4 ). Hopfer, Burg near Magdeburg 1938, DNB  361451652 , p. 191 .
  23. ↑ Administrative region of Magdeburg (Ed.): Official Gazette of the Government of Magdeburg . 1928, ZDB -ID 3766-7 , p. 213 .
  24. ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , pp. 343, 345, 346 .
  25. ^ A b Wilhelm Zahn : Local history of the Altmark. Edited by Martin Ehlies based on the bequests of the author. 2nd Edition. Verlag Salzwedeler Wochenblatt, Graphische Anstalt, Salzwedel 1928, DNB  578458357 , OCLC 614308966 , p. 171-172 .
  26. ↑ a b How many inhabitants count the individual places . In: Volksstimme Magdeburg, local edition Osterburg . January 12, 2013 ( volksstimme.de [accessed April 11, 2020]).
  27. ↑ Parish Almanac or the Protestant clergy and churches of the Province of Saxony in the counties of Wernigerode, Rossla and Stolberg . 19th year, 1903, ZDB -ID 551010-7 , p. 108 ( wiki-de.genealogy.net [accessed April 4, 2020]).
  28. ^ Frank Schmarsow: Stendal parish formally buries pastorates . April 11, 2011 ( volksstimme.de [accessed March 4, 2018]).
  29. ↑ Osterburg parish area. Retrieved April 11, 2020 .
  30. ↑ Ernst Machholz: The church books of the Protestant churches in the province of Saxony (=  communications from the Central Office for German Personal and Family History . 30th issue). Leipzig 1925, p. 16 ( wiki-de.genealogy.net [accessed March 14, 2020]).
  31. ↑ Online project monuments to the likes. In: Krumke on www.denkmalprojekt.org. August 1, 2014, accessed April 13, 2020 .
  32. ↑ Hanseatic City of Osterburg (Altmark): Krumke Castle and Garden Dreams Park. Retrieved April 12, 2020 .
  33. ↑ Kavaliershaus Krumke.
  34. ^ Alfred Pohlmann : Legends from the cradle of Prussia and the German Empire, the Altmark . Franzen & Große, Stendal 1901, p. 6-7 , III. Odin as Ghost Rider in representatives of noble families / third .
  35. ^ Alfred Pohlmann : Legends from the cradle of Prussia and the German Empire, the Altmark . Franzen & Große, Stendal 1901, p. 182–183 , 5. From the Wedenschlacht near Krumke .
  36. ^ Hermann Bohm (Ed.): Christoph Entzelts Altmärkische Chronik . Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1911, p. 153 , chapter 105 ( uni-potsdam.de ).
  37. ^ Hanns HF Schmidt : The great book of legends of the Altmark . Part 2 from K for Kleinau to Z for Zichtau. dr. ziethen verlag, Oschersleben 1994, ISBN 3-928703-42-0 , p. 147 .
  38. ^ Heinrich Christoph Steinhart: Ueber die Altmark. A contribution to the customer of the Mark Brandenburg . tape 2 . Franzen and Grosse, Stendal 1802, p. 28-29 ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A10012449~SZ%3D34~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D ).