Puksoosero

Urban-type settlement Puksoosero Пуксоозеро Federal district Northwest Russia Oblast Arkhangelsk Rajon Plesetsk head Jelena Lysenkova Founded 1930s Urban-type settlement since 1944 surface 10.22  km² population 1212 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 119 inhabitants / km² Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 81832 Post Code 164251 License Plate 29 OKATO 11 250 575 Website www.puksoozero.info Geographical location Coordinates 62 ° 35 '  N , 40 ° 37'  E Coordinates: 62 ° 34 '59 "  N , 40 ° 36' 31"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Arkhangelsk Oblast

Puksoosero ( Russian Пуксоозеро ) is an urban-type settlement in northwestern Russia . The place belongs to the Arkhangelsk Oblast and has 1212 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010). It is located in Rajon Plesetsk .

geography

Puksoosero is located about 216 km south of the Oblast capital Arkhangelsk . The nearest large town is around 20 km north-west location Rajonverwaltungszentrum Plesetsk . The 106 km long Puksa River crosses the village from south to north . South of Puksoosero is the lake of the same name, Puksoosero , which was created by damming the Puksa.

Puksoosero is the administrative seat of the municipality Puksooserskoje , to which the village Beloje Osero belongs next to Puksoosero.

history

Puksoosero emerged in the 1930s as a special settlement for kulaks , as part of the deculakization . With the help of prisoners, the construction of the Mechenga railway line ( Мехреньгская железная дорога ) from Puksa to Puksoosero began in 1936 . The route was primarily used for the timber industry and was steadily expanded in the 1940s and 1950s, thus connecting a network of camp colonies. In 1938 a cellulose plant was built near the settlement by the prisoners of the ONEGA-ITL gulag , which went into operation in 1939. The cellulose plant, with around 600 employees, produced cellulose, which was used as raw material for the manufacture of gunpowder in the city of Vyborg . To supply water to the cellulose plant, the Puksa was dammed by a dam, which merged three smaller lakes into the Puksoosero . The steadily growing settlement received urban-type settlement status in 1944 .

After the ONEGA-ITL was dissolved, the Mechengsk branch of the Gulag KARGOPOL-ITL was created in 1942 with its administrative headquarters in Puksoosero. In 1954 the branch became an independent gulag, the MECHRENG-ITL. The temporarily up to 14,800 prisoners in the camp that existed until 1960 were used exclusively in the timber industry. After the official abolition of the GULAGs, numerous prisons remained in Puksoosero. During the Soviet era, there were 14 labor and re-education camps ( исправительно-трудовая колония ) in and outside the settlement, in which more than 15,000 people were detained who were employed in the timber industry.

With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the labor camps were closed. The operation of the no longer competitive cellulose plant, one of the main employers of the settlement, was finally stopped in 1994. In 2001 the Puksa - Puksoosero railway line was closed .

Population development

The following overview shows the development of the population of Puksoosero.

year	Residents
1959	6,532
1970	9,851
1979	8,864
1989	4,255
2002	2,169
2010	1,212

Note: census data

Economy and Infrastructure

Only two smaller companies are based in Puksoosero. Many residents work in the nearby towns of Mirny and Plesetsk. There is a school, a hospital and a boarding school in the village. The only sight of the settlement is the lake Puksoosero , which is a popular destination in summer for locals of the surrounding settlements and cities. The place has no railway connection. There is a bus connection via a country road to the Puksa settlement, which is on the Moscow - Vologda - Archangelsk railway line .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service of State Statistics of the Russian Federation); Čislennost 'naselenija po municipal'nym obrazovanijam i naselennym punktam Archangel'skoj oblasti, vključaja Neneckij avtonomnyj okru Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 Goda (population number of municipal structure and places the Arkhangelsk including the Autonomous circles Nenets results of the All-Russian census 2010.) Table (Download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of Arkhangelsk Oblast)
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Наталья Попова: Пуксоозеро - рабочий поселок безработных , Pravda Severa, July 20, 2006. Retrieved June 10, 2011
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Official website of Puksoosero ( Memento of the original from March 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 10, 2011 
4. ↑ ^{a b} The Mechrenga Railway on Sergei Bolashenko's website. Accessed June 10, 2011
5. ↑ The ONEGA-ITL at gulag.memorial.de.Retrieved on June 10, 2011
6. ↑ ^{a b c} Василий Набитобич: "Столица" местного розлива , Правда Севера, August 26, 2004. Accessed June 10, 2011
7. ↑ The MECHRENG-ITL at gulag.memorial.de. Accessed on June 10, 2011

Web links

• Puksoosero on terrus.ru (Russian)