Jarensk

Village Yarensk Яренск coat of arms Federal district Northwest Russia Oblast Arkhangelsk Rajon Lenski First mention 1384 Earlier names Jerensky gorodok Village since 1924 (previously town since 1780) population 3660 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 81859 Post Code 165780 License Plate 29 OKATO 11 235 820 001 Geographical location Coordinates 62 ° 10 ′  N , 49 ° 6 ′  E Coordinates: 62 ° 10 ′ 0 ″  N , 49 ° 6 ′ 0 ″  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Arkhangelsk Oblast

Jarensk ( Russian Яренск ) is a village (selo) in northwestern Russia . The place belongs to the Arkhangelsk Oblast and has 3660 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010). It is the administrative center of Lensky Raion .

geography

Jarensk is located about 500 kilometers southeast of the Oblast capital Arkhangelsk and is only about 10 kilometers from the border of the Komi Republic . The nearest town, Mikun, is about 55 kilometers northeast of Jarensk in the Komi Republic. Jarensk is located on the left side of the Jarenga River , shortly before its confluence with the Wytschegda , about 164 kilometers before the confluence of the Wytschegda with the Northern Dvina near Kotlas .

history

Jarensk is the oldest village in today's Lenski rajon and was first mentioned in 1384 in the Vytschegodsko-Vymskaja Chronicles ( Вычегодско-Вымская летопись ) under the name Jerenski gorodok ( Еренский городок ). At that time the Wytschegda served as an important river route between the areas of today's Arkhangelsk Oblast and the Ural region.

In 1606, Jarensk became the center of the newly founded Jarensker Ujesd ( Яренского уезда ). In 1706, the Jarensk Ujesd was first part of the Archangelgorod Governorate ( Архангелогородская губерния ) and finally went up in 1776 in the Vologda Governorate . Jarensk received city status on October 25, 1780.

After steamships were occasionally used on the Wytschegda at the end of the 19th century, the first regular steamship connection Ustjug - Jarensk - Ust Syssolsk for the transport of goods and people was established in 1898 .

In the course of the Soviet administrative reform, Yarensk, which was previously the main town of Yarensk Ujesd , became part of the newly established Lenski rajon within the Northern Dvina Governorate ( Северо-Двинской губернии ) on June 1, 1924 . The village of Lena was originally supposed to be the administrative center of the Rajon . As it did not have the necessary buildings for the district administration, it was decided to move the district center to Jarensk. With the administrative reform, Jarensk also lost its city status. In the course of further administrative reforms, Jarensk again changed the administrative districts in the following years. So it was first part of the Northern Krai (1929-1936) and the Northern Oblast (1936-37), before it was finally slammed on September 23, 1937, the Arkhangelsk Oblast.

From 1930 the population of today's Lenski rajon rose suddenly in the course of the settlement and persecution policy of the Stalin government . In the course of this policy, many thousands of so-called " kulaks " from all parts of the Soviet Union and their families were deported to the Lenski rajon in order to develop previously unpopulated areas. Jarensk served, among other things, as a stopover during the transport of the exiles across the Wytschegda. In 1930 alone, around 8,000 people were settled in so-called special settlements ( спецпоселение / Spezposselenije ) in the vicinity of Jarensk. These were evacuations guarded by soldiers and OGPU security personnel, the residents of which were mainly used in the construction of infrastructure, clearing forests, and in agriculture. The living conditions in these resettlements were poor and diseases often broke out. Many settlers fell victim to famine. With the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War , more and more German prisoners of war were transported to the Rajon for work from the 1940s. After Stalin's death in 1953, however, there were more amnesties , so that many of the 'kulaks' were legally released and some of them were able to return to their original home areas. The last 'kulaks' were released on August 13, 1954 by a decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (original title: " О снятии ограничений по спецпоселению с бывших кулаков и других лиц ").

Population development

The following overview shows the development of the population of Yarensk.

year	Residents
1897	993
1911	1,140
1939	2,185
1959	2,656
1970	2,956
1979	3,978
1989	4,246
2002	4,085
2010	3,660

Note: census data

Economy and Infrastructure

The Savior Transfiguration Cathedral in Jarensk

Jarensk has no rail connection. The nearest railway station is in the village of Meshog ( Межог ) in the Komi Republic, 22 kilometers away . There is no direct road connection to Arkhangelsk. The route to Kotlas has not yet been completed either. As in the whole of Lenski rajon, the forest and timber industry is the main economic branch in Jarensk. Companies in the food and building materials industries have a smaller share.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service of State Statistics of the Russian Federation); Čislennost 'naselenija po municipal'nym obrazovanijam i naselennym punktam Archangel'skoj oblasti, vključaja Neneckij avtonomnyj okru Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 Goda (population number of municipal structure and places the Arkhangelsk including the Autonomous circles Nenets results of the All-Russian census 2010.) Table (Download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of Arkhangelsk Oblast)
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Pomorskaja ėnciklopedija: Tom 1 Istorija Archangel'skogo Severa . Pomorskij gosudarstvennyj universitet, Arkhangelsk 2001, ISBN 5-88086-147-3 , p. 458
3. ↑ Article: Wytschegodsko-Wymskaja Chronik; on yarensk.ru (Russian), checked September 16, 2012
4. ↑ ^{a b} openbudget.karelia.ru (Russian), checked September 16, 2012
5. ↑ Article: Вычегда-река, on yarensk.ru (Russian), reviewed on September 16, 2012
6. ↑ ^{a b} Official website of the Lenski Rajon; History Section (Russian), reviewed September 16, 2012
7. ↑ Юлия УГРЮМОВА. Спецпереселенцы Ленского района в 1930-1940 годах в воспоминаниях очевидцев, page 1; on yarensk.ru (Russian), checked September 16, 2012
8. ↑ Юлия УГРЮМОВА. Спецпереселенцы Ленского района в 1930-1940 годах в воспоминаниях очевидцев, page 2; on yarensk.ru (Russian), checked September 16, 2012
9. ↑ Юлия УГРЮМОВА. Спецпереселенцы Ленского района в 1930-1940 годах в воспоминаниях очевидцев, page 3; on yarensk.ru (Russian), checked September 16, 2012
10. ↑ Set "О снятии ограничений по спецпоселению с бывших кулаков и других лиц" on lib.rus.ec (Russian), checked on September 16, 2012
11. ^ Official website of the Lenski Rajon; Section Raion (Russian), reviewed September 16, 2012

Web links

Commons : Jarensk  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Collection of various articles on the history of Yarensk (Russian)