Reibnitz (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Reibnitz

Reibnitz , also Rybnitz , is the name of an old, originally Silesian noble family . The family, some of which still exist today, belongs to the Silesian nobility. Later, the Lords of Reibnitz also acquired property and reputation in Saxony , Prussia , Pomerania and Courland .

history

origin

Reibnitz castle ruins

The family was first mentioned in 1288 with Henricus de Rybnicz as a witness in a document. The early bearers of the name that followed appear as witnesses in documents issued by the Silesian dukes .

The genealogical handbook of the nobility begins the secured line of the family with the knight Konrad von Reibnitz , who appears in a document between 1307 and 1337. Reibnitz , the parent company of the same name near Hirschberg in what was then the Duchy of Jauer , is now part of the municipality of Stara Kamienica ( Alt Kemnitz ) in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland and has been family-owned since 1300.

According to Kneschke , members of the Burgmannen dynasty and vassals of the dukes of Schweidnitz-Jauer from the house of the Silesian Piasts were . Around 1300 Seyfried Reibnitz built the village of Seifershau . In 1335 Cunadus de Reibnitz appears , who received a farmyard in Kaubitz zu Lehn from Duke Bolko von Fürstenberg . Presumably the same Cunadus, now a knight , is sealed as arbitrator in a certificate from the Kamenz monastery . Nicolaus von Reibnitz appears around 1342 as an assessor in the right to knight in Schweidnitz and Heinrich von Reibnitz was marshal of the Breslau bishop Preczlaw von Pogarell in 1386 . Earlier spellings of the family name were also from the Reibnitz and from the Rybnitz .

Expansion and possessions

Six von Reibnitz brothers named in documents between 1342 and 1388 left a large number of descendants who, in addition to the inherited estates of Rohnstock , Wederau and Falkenberg, were able to acquire other important properties in Silesia. From 1385 to 1448 several members of the family appeared in Prussia as knights of the Teutonic Order .

The family founded the houses in Rathen, Arnsdorf, Falkenberg and Dietzdorf (Ciechów near Neumarkt ), Baumgarten and Dorndorf early on .

Arnsdorf was acquired by the brothers Günther, Conrad and Georg von Reibnitz in 1491 from the von Runge family. After Conrad's early death, Günther and Georg built a second estate, the so-called Oberhof, on the site of today's dominion. In 1656 the estate was sold after Heinrich von Reibnitz got into over-indebtedness due to the Thirty Years' War.

The house in Rathen was divided into the branch lines Ocklitz (today Okulice, municipality Sobótka / Zobten), Fürstenau , Peterswaldau and Niederstradam (municipality Radzowice ). The house in Arnsdorf owned the branch lines Buchwald (from 1573), Kauffungen (Nieder Kauffung ), Erdmannsdorf , Leipe and Langenhellwigsdorf. The Falkenberg family established the Wederau sidelines in the Duchy of Schweidnitz-Jauer and Graebel. Zilmsdorf (today Cielmów , municipality Tuplice ) was owned by the family since about 1400.

In addition to these regular estates, Harpersdorf near Liegnitz , Pasterwitz , Kander and Polkau near Schweidnitz , Neudorf and Altschönau near Jauer , Steinseifen and Glausnitz near Hirschberg and Görlsdorf and Kemnitz in the Lausitz were owned or partially owned by the family. In the middle of the 19th century a von Reibnitz owned Kerschitten (today Kiersity , municipality Rychliki ) in the former district of Prussian Holland as a fief. In addition, the siblings von Reibnitz zu Geisslen in the district of Mohrungen , Emil von Reibnitz auf Buchwalde in the district of Bütow , Julius Heinrich von Reibnitz, state elder , zu Holzkirch in the district of Lauban and Wilhelm von Reibnitz zu Höckricht in the district of Ohlau were wealthy.

people

Christoph von Reibnitz, Canon of the Stift zum Heiligen Kreuz in Breslau , built the church in Kaubitz in 1495, a place of pilgrimage that used to be very popular . Adam von Reibnitz and Rathen died in 1614 as president of the regional court in Breslau . Anna Ursula von Reibnitz († 1658) married Heinrich Wenzel , Duke of Münsterberg on August 26, 1636 , who was made Duchess of Bernstadt in 1637 by Emperor Ferdinand II.

Relationships existed with the Counts of Hochberg and the Barons of Zedlitz , among others . Johann Leopold Freiherr von Reibnitz married Anna Eleonora von Netz. Their son Johann Maximilian Leopold Freiherr von Reibnitz, Herr auf Buchwald, Erdmannsdorf and Schreibendorf, died in 1795 without any offspring and was inherited by his sisters. His brother Christoph Friedrich Freiherr von Reibnitz was married four times, but all marriages remained childless. On December 27, 1756, he adopted his cousin Gottfried Diprand Wilhelm Freiherr von Reibnitz from the Erdmannsdorf-Leipe house, who continued the tribe. His eldest son, Ernst Freiherr von Reibnitz (1765–1829), Lord of Roschkowitz, became the President of the Prussian Higher Regional Court . He was married to Ulrike Gottliebe Amalie Freiin von Blomberg-Sergemiethen for the second time. There are two sons from the marriage. Son Karl Freiherr von Reibnitz (* 1803) was royally Prussian secret government advice and owners of the company founded by Heinrich von Reibnitz Familienfideikommiss . He died in 1856 as the customs director of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg . His son from his marriage to Antonie von Gilgenheimb from the Franzdorff family, Emil Freiherr von Reibnitz (* 1805), head of the family senior council , became president of the royal Prussian general commission for the regulation of manorial and peasant conditions in the province of Saxony. He married Clara Charlotte Elisabeth von Reden from the Hastenbeck family and continued the tribe.

Hans Christoph von Reibnitz, who comes from a Prussian branch, his exact origin is not clear, was heirs to Gottschalksdorf near Graudenz in 1663 . He was the progenitor of the Lithuanian-Courland family. His sons became officers in the Royal Polish Army. His grandson Christoph Albrecht von Reibnitz served as a Polish major general in the Lithuanian army. Among other things, he owned Chrzanów near Sluzk and, as a delegate at the Wongrow Synod, was able to enforce the recognition of the Lutheran consistory in Vilnius . Christoph Albrecht's son Stanislaus von Reibnitz, a Lithuanian lieutenant colonel, later became a wing adjutant to the Polish king. Through his marriage to Luise von Knabenau , the family came to Courland. Carl von Reibnitz, a son of the couple, became an Imperial Russian general. He acquired in 1830 by the heirs of his father Gideon Adam von Freytag von Loringhoven that Erbgüter Demmen, garden pond and Grenzental in Courland Governorate and was the imperial Donation the primogeniture Wolborz in the government of Kalisz. The branch expired in 1884 with the death of Constantin von Reibnitz in the male line . The Majorat Wolborz could not be inherited as it was only in vain to persons of the Christian-Orthodox denomination.

Important members of the modern and recent era were Johannes von Reibnitz (1882–1939), a National Socialist politician and member of the Reichstag from 1933 to 1939 , and the Social Democrat Kurt von Reibnitz (1877–1937), who served three times as First Minister of State of Mecklenburg-Strelitz . Marie Christine von Reibnitz (* 1945) married Prince Michael of Kent in 1978 , a grandson of King George V and cousin of Queen Elizabeth II. She is a member of the British royal family .

Status surveys

Anna Ursula von Reibnitz († 1658) was raised on January 16, 1637 by Emperor Ferdinand II , due to her marriage (August 26, 1636) to Duke Heinrich Wenzel von Münsterberg, to the rank of prince with the title of Duchess of Bernstadt .

The brothers Johann von Reibnitz, who came from the Prussian tribe, were a royal Prussian lieutenant a. D. and later castle captain zu Mitau , and Carl von Reibnitz, Imperial Russian colonel and commander of the 4th Jäger Regiment, received the Indigenous Knighthood of Courland on April 21, 1817 .

From the Silesian tribe, the Arnsdorf line, the brothers Johann Leopold von Reibnitz, on Arnsdorf, Buchwald and Erdmannsdorf, regional elder and Christoph Friedrich von Reibnitz, on Stonsdorf, received on July 16, 1724 in Vienna from Emperor Karl VI. the Bohemian baron class.

From the Silesian line Leipe, Gottfried Diprand von Reibnitz from the Leipe family, adopted son of Christoph Friedrich Freiherr von Reibnitz since December 27, 1756, received a Prussian recognition of the adoption by the highest cabinet order on January 20, 1757 in Dresden . One hundred years later, on January 20, 1857 at Charlottenburg Palace , the Prussian recognition of the baron status took place through the highest cabinet order for the six children of Karl Freiherr von Reibnitz, who died in 1856, royal Prussian government advisor and customs director. His brother Emil Freiherr von Reibnitz, President of the Royal Prussian General Commission in Merseburg , was recognized as a baron on June 20, 1857 by means of a herald's office rescript .

Postage-like lines

There is a relationship between the original noble family von Reibnitz and two aristocratic lines.

Anna Beata, the natural daughter of the royal Prussian prime lieutenant Johann Carl von Reibnitz from the house of Kerschitten and adoptive daughter of her aunt Anna Margaretha von Perbandt (née von Reibnitz), received her father's name and coat of arms on August 13, 1789 in Berlin , a Prussian nobility legitimation.

On June 10, 1868 in Berlin, Friederike, the natural daughter of Fedor von Reibnitz auf Hermannsthal near Köslin , royal Prussian major out of service, and Charlotte Emilie Höft also received a Prussian nobility legitimation with the settlement of the father's name and coat of arms .

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the barons of Reibnitz

Family coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows two red bars in silver . On the helmet with red and silver helmet covers a red and a silver buffalo horn .

Baron coat of arms

The baronial coats of arms from 1724 and 1857 show the trunk shield with two helmets and red and silver covers. On the right the trunk helmet, on the left on the right a silver wing with a green leaf, on the left a red buffalo horn.

Heraldic saga

A legend reports that once between the two red bars in the family coat of arms of the Reibnitz family there was "love". The word is said to go back to Anna Ursula von Reibnitz. After Emperor Ferdinand III. had given her the title of Princess of Bernstadt, she was able to marry Duke Heinrich Wenzel von Munsterberg. Before that, she had decidedly refused to become his wife because she said that something ungovernable should not be in the Piast family.

Well-known namesake

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d Genealogical manual of the Baltic knighthoods . Part 3, Volume 1 - Kurland, pp. 173-176
  2. a b c d e f g Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume XI, Volume 122 of the complete series, pp. 263–265.
  3. a b c d e New General German Adels Lexicon Volume 7, Pages 406–408
  4. Otto Hupp : Munich Calendar 1912. P. 30.
  5. Johann Georg Theodor Grasse : Legends of gender, name and coat of arms of the nobility of the German nation . Reprint-Verlag, Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-8262-0704-1 , page 130.