Basic training (Bundeswehr)

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Panzer grenadiers in the alarm post during basic training

The basic training ( GA ) of the German armed forces is intended to impart the basics of military skills to the new soldiers , also known as recruits . The basic training begins at the beginning of the employment relationship as a soldier and usually lasts three months. It is often carried out in recruitment companies. Until the end of 2011, the basic training was called General Basic Training ( AGA ).

Content of the basic training

The basic training deals, among other things, with:

course

With completion of screening and delivery of the draw-communication or the invitation on entering the service has the recruit is usually the first working day of the first service month to report in exceptional cases (directly following holiday or weekend) and a few days later in his new office. There, personal data and other details such as bank details, existing driver's licenses, etc. are first recorded and put on the files. The soldier is assigned to a train and given a room. In addition, he receives a drafting various laws ( Basic Law , Military Personnel Act , conscription law u. Ä.), Bedding, clothes hangers and a lock for his locker if he does not have a.

The soldier generally leads, unless it is set higher rank was the lowest rank of his armed force or branch of service . These are u. a. Gunner, aviator, sailor. See also: ranks of the Bundeswehr

In the first week the recruit learns the first principles of everyday military life, such as B. the correct approach and march ( formal service ), the different ranks or the correct reporting to a superior, z. B. when entering the room. Another medical examination checks his suitability for military service . There is the clothing and equipment with equipment as well as the issue of his troop ID and his identification tag . The first weeks are of a lot of lessons in the classroom / lecture hall (U-room), u. a. shaped by geography and weapons, legal or financial matters. In the further course of the basic training, the practical training components are given greater weight.

According to the quarterly training plan, the unit leader can order that the training is continued on the first weekend. Highlight of the first month is the combat service (the so-called. "Terrain or green days") in which the recruit the first time on a in combat equipment training area applies learns the various types of motion in the field, camouflage and establishes a two-man tent. As a rule, the recruits do not spend the night outside of the barracks in the first few weeks .

Each training week of the basic training includes a focus of the training such as self-help and comrade help as well as the training for first aid worker A, a further development of the previous training as a helper in the medical service . In this, the recruit learns, among other things, to deal with gunshot wounds or to splint broken bones and to use this under combat conditions. The mission-oriented training content extends the previous 24-hour training to 30 hours. At the same time, previous training content should be deepened and practiced.

The focus of one of the first weeks of training is the handling of various hand weapons of the Bundeswehr and shooting on a local shooting range (StOSchAnl).

In addition to training in the barracks, the recruit will spend several days in the field. This training camp, mainly known as a “bivouac”, serves to bring the soldiers closer to life in the field . This includes creating positions and alarm posts , defending from alarm positions, finding your way in the terrain, and the like. a. with map and compass , activities as a detector, behavior at night and other training content. In connection with these bivouacs, marches are carried out, which can be up to twenty kilometers. Orientation marches are seldom carried out in basic training , in which the soldier has to be on his own or in a small combat community (troop to group) has to find his way to certain points.

Sport is also on the soldier's roster. The basic fitness test (BFT), which is carried out at the beginning and at the end of basic training, is intended to show the soldier how the training has affected his overall performance. In addition to the obligatory running training, weight sports or ball sports can also be carried out if possible. As part of the so-called "Military Fitness", overcoming the obstacle course is part of the sports program, where the wooden wall ( escalating wall ) in particular can be a challenge for the recruits.

Vow of recruits of the Joint Support

The guard training, in which the soldier is trained about his powers as a guard and security soldier and learns to stop, check and, if necessary, detain vehicles and people or in which situation he may or must use firearms , usually follows immediately after the Basic training.

The highlight of the basic training is, in addition to the "recruit inspection", the solemn vow , which takes place either in the barracks itself or in public, such as on marketplaces or larger open spaces. The recruit's family is often present and he is allowed to spend the day with them. On the vow of preparing formal service before, at the correct among others marching in lockstep is drilled and the course of the pledge is repeatedly rehearsed. Despite this preparation, there are always recruits who are not up to the long standstill, especially on hot days.

There is an option to refuse the pledge. Soldiers who make use of this must expect that they will not be promoted during their service time and that they will not be assigned any sensitive tasks after completing their basic training. Should soldiers z. If, for example, you cannot take part in the vow due to illness, the vow will usually be made up at a later point in time in the office of the responsible disciplinary superior and accepted by him.

The conclusion of the basic training is the "recruit inspection", which is usually carried out by the company commander (in basic training platoons of a staff and supply company by the platoon leader ). As a rule, the company moves into the field for several days, during which the recruit is supposed to demonstrate all of the skills they have learned. Starting with setting up the bivouac, through various tasks such as caring for the wounded, through to correct soldier behavior. Part of it is usually the waging of fire fighting on a small scale, such as attacking vehicles or enemy groups or in the course of a reporting line. In general, the result of the "recruit inspection" alone does not determine whether the basic training has been passed or not. The overall performance in basic training is essential.

Failure to complete basic training

In fact, it is possible that you have to repeat the basic training because you have missed essential training content. Illness is not an excuse. However, it is irrelevant how long you were actually present in the basic training, you only have to prove certain training. The basic training concludes with the award of the ATN "Security and Guard Soldier Armed Forces (SK)". This award is tied to the following requirements:

  • successful participation in the medical training "First Aid A"
  • successful participation in general guard training
  • Completion of the school shooting exercises G36-S-5 (G36 rifle) and PS-2 (pistol) or
  • Completion of the shooting exercises G-GL-2 and G-NB-I-5 (G36 rifle) as well as P-GL-2 and P-NB-I-3 (pistol), according to the new shooting training concept
  • successful participation in the "recruit inspection" (practical test of basic training)

Participation in the "recruit inspection" requires training in the relevant training areas.

If training courses have been missed due to illness, some important training content can be repeated in the last week and offered to soldiers who have missed it. Failure or non-participation, e.g. B. the guard training, the entire basic training does not have to be repeated. Depending on the agreement with the host unit, these soldiers will be transferred and then have to catch up on the relevant training there in the next quarter.

On the other hand, there were certainly soldiers who retired as private and were in basic training for nine months. Successful basic training is a prerequisite for further training as a temporary soldier ; it can be repeated once by regular soldiers.

Ultimately, it is at the discretion of the unit leader whether the basic training is repeated.

Post training

The basic training is followed by post training (DpA) or instruction week for teams (EWM). The focus is on learning specific troop-specific skills.

Examples:

  • Training riflescope / group sniper - two soldiers per group
  • Training machine gun marksmen and anti-aircraft defense for all troops (on land) - two soldiers per group
  • Training for Panzerfaust riflemen and soldiers in the tank destruction squad - two soldiers per group
  • ABC / SE soldier training - two soldiers per group, mostly redundant training as Pzfst riflemen

Recruiting company

A recruiting company of the Bundeswehr carries out the three-month basic training all year round. Both voluntary military service and temporary soldiers are trained in the team career. The recruit companies do not necessarily train soldiers for the battalions to which they are subordinate.

The Navy and Air Force conduct their basic training at their own training facilities, mostly schools.

Locations

army

Before the new structure published in October 2011, eight recruit companies were set up in the army of the Bundeswehr :

After adopting this structure there are the following six recruit companies in the army:

  • Recruiting company 1 in Seedorf
  • Recruit company 2 in Merzig
  • Recruit company 3 in Ahlen
  • Recruit company 4 in Prenzlau
  • Recruit company 5 in Gera
  • Recruit company 6 in Stetten on the cold market
  • Recruit company 7 in Hagenow (01/2015 dissolution and relocation to Gera as recruit company 5)
  • Recruit company 8 in Immendingen (from 01/2015 recruit company 6 in Stetten am Kalten Markt)

There are the following training units for non-commissioned officers and sergeants in the army and army uniform wearers of the armed forces base:

The army officer candidates and the army uniforms of the armed forces base are trained at the following locations:

air force

The Air Force carries out basic training in the Air Force Training Battalion based in Germersheim and Roth, as well as at the Air Force NCO School at the Heide location .

marine

The Navy has three schools for basic training:

Central medical service of the Bundeswehr

In the medical service , basic training takes place at the following locations:

Rank designation

Usually the basic training is completed in the lowest rank . Soldiers in basic training are often referred to as “recruits” in the Bundeswehr.

Others

At the end of 2016, the Bundeswehr promoted a career in the Bundeswehr with the web series Die Rekruten and, from September 2019, the successor Die Recruuten.

See also

literature

  • Dieter Stockfisch: The Reibert . The manual for the German soldiers Army, Air Force, Navy . Verlag ES Mittler & Sohn , Hamburg 2004, ISBN 3-8132-0820-6 .
  • Karl Helmut Schnell, Sven Korwslühr: Paperback military training . Walhalla u. Praetoria Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Regensburg u. a. 2005, ISBN 3-8029-6205-2 .
  • Instruction for troop training (AnTrA) No. 1 - Basic training in the armed forces, "Planning in the Army", November 2011.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Einsatzersthelfer A , on Bundeswehr.de, accessed on May 2, 2010
  2. ↑ Special training company 209
  3. ^ Federal Ministry of Defense, Press and Information Staff : The Air Force Training Battalion. Bundeswehr, June 25, 2013, accessed on July 19, 2013 .
  4. ↑ The start page. In: www.bundeswehrkarriere.de. Retrieved January 11, 2017 .