Rhöner Platt

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Rhöner Platt (also Rhönerisch or Rhönisch ) is the dialect or dialect (cf. Platt ) that is spoken in the Rhön .

Rhönerisch

Spoken in

Bavaria , Hesse , Thuringia
Linguistic
classification
A dialect table in Rhöner Platt on the Kegelspielradweg

The Rhön extends over the three federal states of Bavaria , Hesse and Thuringia . You can then roughly subdivide the Rhön dialect. However, the dialect often differs from village to village.

Rhön dialect in Thuringia, Hesse and Bavaria

The Rhön as the interface between different dialect areas

The “Rhöner Platt” of Thuringia and Hesse lies in the transition area between two clearly distinguishable language areas, the Main Franconian and the East Hessian dialect area. The border runs through the entire Rhön from south-west to north-east. As a result, one can see very strong East Hessian-Rhine Franconian parallels on a line from Fulda via Tann to south of Bad Salzungen , while East Franconian dialects of Henneberg are spoken east of this language border and, further south in the Bavarian Rhön, Grabfeldic is spoken.

The spoken dialects clarify the settlement history of the Rhön and its adjacent territories, which probably goes back to the time of Charlemagne and took place in several stages. Apart from the original Celtic settlement, the first Germanic settlements were probably founded by Chatten and Hermunduren , the later Thuringians. It can also be assumed that Alemanni traversed this area and gave names to places with -ingen and -ungen (examples: Wasungen, Meiningen, Salzungen, Breitungen, Behrungen, Fladungen ...).

After the conquest of the Thuringian kingdom from the 5th to the 8th century Frankish settlers forced the once up to the Main settled Thuringian beyond the Rennsteig back. As bitter power struggles over the existing salt springs repeatedly occurred in the area around Bad Salzungen , a mixed dialect of Main Franconian , East Hessian and West Thuringian dialects emerged, which illustrates the constant change in the local balance of power. This transition zone north of the Rhön is assigned to the West Thuringian dialect area according to the current state of linguistic research.

The dialect south of the salt arch , known as Hennebergisch , developed from Main Franconian . Here one searches in vain for the linguistic characteristics typical of West Thuringia as well as the typical linguistic melodies. If you look at the Rhön language in context, you can hardly find any Thuringian-Upper Saxon parallels and the “Uiswäardije” will think that he is already in Hesse or Franconia .

Use of language today

In order to save the children difficulties in school and especially in German lessons, their parents had mostly only spoken to them in High German since the 1970s, which means that the dialect is rarely heard in the villages today. The generation of today's 25 to 35-year-olds still understands the dialect, but no longer speaks it - as they are hardly familiar with it in active use. The older generation (from around 50) changes fluently depending on the conversation partner just addressed. The Rhöner Platt seems to be the more familiar and preferred language only for those over 70.

Regional particularities

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

In this article, the selected words from linguistic research, such as B. apple, wine, man etc., deliberately not included, as this almost completely distorts the overall picture of a language, especially in border regions and transitional areas. In a dictionary or when defining dialect boundaries, the peculiarity of the "B" for "W" in question words or the designation for yesterday " next " might be a decisive criterion.

Examples from the Hessian and Thuringian Rhön and Vorderrhön

It is characteristic of the entire Rhön and the Henneberger Land that the initial letter W becomes a B in question words . How becomes bie , what - boas , why - boarümm and so on.

Example: “If you don't believe it, you should wall it up.” - Baers ned glaid, d'r müerds .

Another peculiarity is the use of the main verb in the endless infinitive plus ge after the use of the auxiliary verbs “can” and “like”.

Example: " You can't go now !" Or " You can get me moa hoggel !"

East Franconian is z. B. the name for the hallway, which is called almost everywhere (Hus-, Huis-) Earrn . Also the Weck or the Weckle ( Weag / Weagle / Weagje ) can still be found, although the bread roll often prevails.

Like our Germanic ancestors, the Rhöner still calls the days before today the next . The Teutons didn't count the days, but the nights that had passed. Except in the Rhön and Hennebergischen this designation has only survived in some areas of Austria .

In East Hesse , yeast dough bread is called Schorrn , in the Rhön and the neighboring areas the Christstollen is called that, which is made from yeast dough. The Hessian banging for hanging, eiwie (allewie) for now and iwes for somebody or kutte for swapping, you can hear here as well as the Thuringian Kärrnje for a small car, dawning for kicking. Dumplings are called hats , which are not formed by "turning", but by " Hullern ".

A good insight into the "Platt" of the Thuringian Rhön and Vorderrhön provide u. a. the poet and legend collector Christian Ludwig Wucke in his book Uis minner Haimet and in the volume of poems Rhönklänge by the dialect poet August Herbart .

Sound shifts

In the High and Late Middle Ages, the Middle High German long vowels î, û, iu were diphthongized to the two sounds ei, au, äu / eu (" New High German Diphthongization "). Written distribution began in the 12th century from the southern area and appeared for the first time in Carinthian documents . In some of the New High German dialects , however, the old Middle High German long lute was preserved (North Hessian and North Thuringian dialects, Alemannic dialects in the southwest). Example: mîn → my, Hûs → house, hiut → today .

Diphthongization in Middle High German û → ui or preservation as u or palatalized ü

Examples:

  • Middle High German h û s (New High German "house") becomes either H ui s or H u s , depending on the dialect ; in some villages the latter is palatalised to H üü s .
  • We are au s H au s r au s gone. " Mei senn ui s'm H ui s r ui s goange"
Prefix ei → ih

Examples:

  • From one bought ih n'käuwd; ih n'kaiwd or, to the south, ih n'köuwt.
  • What did you do yesterday ei ngekauft? " Boas hoast dou nächde ih n'käuft? "

enter → inga

pour out → inscheank

Income → inc

Diphthong- egg

-ei is not spoken as in High German (he knows, to marry, ...). The pronunciation of these umlauts is like calling “Hey”, ie a -äj .

The a -sound → oa

Examples:

  • From the number a will cht oa cht, from ged a cht is ged oa cht , from w a s b oa s .
  • W a s m a du waxed today at a cht? B oa s m oa chst dou hitt (hütt) omm (ümm) oa cht?

Attention, exception! From work is not Oarwed but Ärrwwed .

Single words

dinner Noachtasses / Oamdässer
different onnerschd
job Awed
out uis
excuse Uisrede
dangle, hang bämbel
Beans Buinn , Boarn
sweet Gamble
Horseflies (insect) Braeme
back then (den-) sellma / sellichma (from selbmal)
ceiling Kolder
Drawbar Gischel
Village Duurf
Leftovers (not recycled) * Oads , Oadze * "Oads ned so bad!"
Food from the previous day (leftover) Ewwerläng's
about * afraid * "Weisd dous are afraid of bad?"
something ebbes
graveyard Kehrfet / Keerfich / Kirfich / Gottsoagger
sufficient / sufficient * taste * It shakes!
yesterday nights
grandmother Eller
grandfather Ällerfoad'r
Entrance hall (Huis-) earrn
marry frej
any (somehow) * iwes (-d) (iwesbie) * " Ban ech iwes (-d) äbbes feng!"
jacket Munch
Boy Jong (Jöngje) / Buur / Buuh
children Wännsd
Dumplings Hüt's (Hütes, Hödes)
Head (in the sense of head) Haid
Head (often in use) Co-op
not at all ewwrhaid ned
headscarf Haidleappje , Huudl
chick Liffche , Lüffche , Gobbelle
Rags, scraps of cloth Huddel
left handed Lainkdoadsch
milk Mellich
Carrots Gaale Röbe
neck Ahnk
Slap Doachtel, Urfier
Godfather Peddlers
Godmother Dumb
Pastor Pfoar
Pump well / water pump Boumbelborn
Quark Madde
roll hullern
wheelbarrow Roadwänn
Black stomach Schwoatemoache
pen Step bridge
St. Nicholas Herrsche-Kloas / henneb. Rule-Robbenickel
Stollen (Christ ~ / Christmas ~) Schittche , Schoarrn
Socks Foerbes
Sweets Schnupp , Schnöpp
to eat sweets sniff
Handkerchiefs (handkerchiefs) Pimples
To deceive Frocks
bird Voichel
Bird house Voichelshuis
earlier elärt
be picky about food to be cold
further widderschd
word Wuurd
time Zied
Gypsies Zichiener / Zichüner
sausage What
plums Quoatsche / Quätsche

question words

how ? bie?
who ? bear (r)?
What ? boas?
Why? barommen? (b'rümm?)
where? bohien? (bohi?)
where from? bohae? (buhaer?)
which one? beller? (beanner?)
how much? befill? (buffalo? boboon?)

Place names

Bastheim Bosde
Spreads Breidje
Büchenberg Böchemich
Honing Bannings
Bremen Brame
Dalherda Dalher
Dermbach Dermme
Dietershausen (Künzell) Deedeschhüüse
Dietlas Dädels
Dollbach Dellwich
Dorndorf Dornef
Oak cell Eichezäll
Eter winds Add wins
Findless Fönngels
Fischbach Füschbich
Fladungen Flädinge
Frankenheim Frankeme
Friedelshausen Freggelshuuse
Fulda Foll
Geisa Gais
Grüsselbach Grisselmich
Great taffeta Doft
Günthers Geundesch
Gumpelstadt Geumplstädt
Haselbach Höselbich
Haselstein Hollstei
Hilders Haldesch
Hofaschenbach Aeschemich
Immelborn Immubuon
Kaltenborn Kalleborn
Jüchsen Jusses
Kaltenlengsfeld Longitudinal
Kaltennordheim Nurde
Kaltensundheim Soinde
Kaltenwestheim Wääsde
Crane gaps Kroalegge
Lahrbach Loahrbich
Meiningen Meeninge or Mäninge
Mellrichstadt Mellerscht
Münnerstadt Mürscht
Bad Neustadt an der Saale Neuscht
Neubrunn Neubrünn
Petersberg Pedäschbärch
Pilgrim cell Peichezell
Pleß (mountain) Pale (baerk)
Rippershausen Ribbed shoes
Rossbach Rossbich
Salting Sälzenge
Schwarzbach Schworzbich
Simmershausen Semmerschuse
Steinbach Steimich
Spahl Spohl
Thalau Jackdaw
Depth location Defferte
Ufhausen Fuse
Unteralba Öngerall
Subcat Ünerkatz
Unterufhausen Engerfuse
Unterweid Öngerwied
Vacha subject
Wechterswinkel Gluaschde (from monastery)
Weilar Wiler
Wendershausen Wengerschhuse
Wernshausen Wernshuse
Wasungen Woasinge
Wittges Wittes
Desert saxons Soarse
Zillbach (near Eichenzell) Zillwich

Sentence examples

Standard German Flat Audio sample
When we talk, you won't understand a word anymore! Boann mäi schwoaddze, foastädd äi käi wúrd mää!
Do what you want! Moch bos de west!
Nothing stirs or moves. 's raed uon rebbeld six nöschd.
We go to work. Mäi genn arwed.
Shut up! Hall's Muill! (Moach kai blared!) Audio file / audio sample Listen ? / i
Yesterday we were in the cemetery. Next sinn may uif'm Kerfech gewoasd. Audio file / audio sample Listen ? / i
That was an old scoundrel! Doas woar 'a aller Huiddich!
There are still herbs from yesterday. s gitt afterwards along the Kruid from next. Audio file / audio sample Listen ? / i
He wants to get married. e gedd off de Frejerej.
Come to me once! Ge 'ma haa! / Come (Kimm) moa bäi mech!
He has a beer first. Doa pfizd e assd e Gaales.

Bavarian Rhön / Thuringia south of the salt arch

pronunciation

When pronouncing the words, there are often sound shifts:

out becomes   out becomes
a o, å   e Ä
i i (e), ai   O ü
u u (o), au   t d
p b   w b

Examples

Moggles calf
Mutton Lamb, sheep
Hebbele Kid, little goat
Håsebabele Hare, bunny
Gobbele chicken
Gööger Rooster
Eer Eggs ("de Eer sen Schlacht": the eggs are bad)
Läüskaaber Lousy boy
Kaind child
Buu Boy, boy
Käuzi Boy
Fraa woman
Moo man
Weißbill Girl, young woman
uendisnächde / five nights the day before yesterday
Drabbe stairway
abbes something
Huudl headscarf
Oadze leftover scraps
Dambesse potato pancakes
Schoifelich fried potatoes
Schdroddse Liquid manure, manure
Bås hasde gsöhd? What did you say?
Mer sense inhibition. We went home.
The Rhüe is beautiful. The Rhön is beautiful.
Bu is har then? Where is he?

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ While in the northern and central German language areas the dialect is called Low German , the southern German language area prefers the Greek-based name dialect. Often there is confusion with the Low German " Plattdütsch " when the spoken dialect is called Platt in the Central German regions . It is common practice to put names of places, landscapes or regions in front of the word - Platt , in order to describe one's own dialect more closely. Examples: Sälzenger Platt, Herschfäller Platt, Rhöner Platt, Henneberger Platt, Föller Platt, Deedeschhüser Platt ,
  2. ↑ Thuringian Dialect Research Unit: West Thuringian , accessed on March 20, 2018
  3. ↑ Thuringian Dialect Research Unit: Hennebergisch , accessed on March 20, 2018

See also

literature

  • Klaus-Peter Wegera: "De Koche sän jo onne gahnz burned black". "Tanner Platt" then and now. In: We in Tann. 800 years of city history [...]. Edited by Joachim S. Hohmann. Hünfeld 1996, pp. 398-418.