Linden Castle (Hanover)

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Gate to the south side of the baroque palace in the Von-Alten-Garten , where children can now find a playground

The Lindener Schloss in Hanover was a palace complex built in the 17th century and the largest summer residence of a nobleman in the Electorate of Hanover after the Great Garden in Herrenhausen . The baroque palace complex was closely linked to the history of the von Alten and von Platen families, but also to the von Malortie family . The location of the manor house was the (today's) Von-Alten-Garten south of the then village Linden in what is now Hanover's district Linden-Mitte .

history

With allonge wig : Franz-Ernst von Platen in the pose of an absolutist ruler;
Copper engraving around 1700; Historical Museum Hannover
With pearls in her hair: Clara Elisabeth von Platen ;
Engraving by Martin Bernigeroth

The Lindener castle originally developed from a manor , which in medieval times since the year 1280 in equity and fief was the family of the old. Associated with their manor was the lower jurisdiction , which the family exercised as the greatest manorial rule at the place of jurisdiction surrounded by linden trees on the northeastern slope of the Lindener Berg . At the time, this court was assigned to Go Gehrden in Marstemgau .

After more than three centuries, the von Alten family suffered economic losses during the Thirty Years' War . To compensate, in 1645 she initially sold the kitchen garden to the then sovereign , Duke Christian Ludwig von Braunschweig-Lüneburg , who had recently taken the newly built Leineschloss in Hanover as his residence .

In 1688, the von Altens even sold the rest of their family home on Lindener Berg with all rights to the Minister Franz Ernst von Platen , but with a right of repurchase after 20 years and - after the two parties had in the meantime agreed on a contract change one effect of the repurchase right from the year 1728th

Meanwhile, the Duke closely related von Platen, by the right granted to him had post shelf come to great wealth and then in the realm count - state had been collected over the years from about 1698 to 1702 in place of the old court facility in Linden, a castle with Have a surrounding baroque garden built, which - after the Great Garden in Herrenhausen - was to be turned into the largest aristocratic summer residence before Hanover.

In 1900 was the garden room , in addition to large paintings , rich with frescoes and stucco - ornaments decorated
Mock vase from 1718 with the intertwined initials GEAVP for Count Ernst-August von Platen, restored in 1873

The Lindener Schloss, built by the architect and ducal chief builder Johann Peter Wachter by Platen as the client , was originally built in the middle of a cross between two avenues , roughly along today's streets Am Lindener Berge and Deisterstraße on the one hand and the connection from Davenstedter Straße to Deisterplatz on the other hand had been planted. The castle rose above a massive basement as a plastered half-timbered building with a width of 13 axes and over two floors , above which a mansard roof rose. The specified southbound entrance was early risalits framed, while in the north with sculptures decorated terrace invited to a special part of the Baroque gardens that the landscape architect René Dahuron attributed was.

Numerous court - artists were also on the rich interior part of Lindener castle. The lying to the terrace garden room decorated them with frescoes and ornaments made of stucco . Due to the fact that the property was only purchased on a temporary basis , the walls and ceilings of other rooms were not painted directly as ceiling and wall paintings , but with paintings on canvas as works by Italian artists, including Giovanni Segala .

In addition, Franz-Ernst von Platen enlarged the Linden property by purchasing additional goods. After he had acquired an aristocratic mansion at the outer end of Steinweg , the later Calenberger Straße in Calenberger Neustadt , he was able to transfer the rights of the former Burgmannshof in 1702 from Calenberger Neustadt to Lindener Gut.

In addition, Count left von Platen a farmyard for management to create its goods and settlers points for Leineweber , from the village of New Linden , to this day, the half-timbered houses in was built around 1700 by the Weber Road in the district Linden-South have received.

View around 1900 from the side of the two south-facing risalits of the palace
View from the garden ground floor north of the large garden room of the former castle over the - today partially preserved - baroque balustrade with a sculpture , in the background the garden portal at that time ; Photography around 1900

On the level of the garden terrace, a dummy vase made of sandstone , dated 1718, was set up with the intertwined letters EAVP , the initials of the son of the Linden castle builder, the Privy Councilor and Chief Chamberlain Ernst August Graf von Platen-Hallermund . Ernst August, but above all Sophie or Sophia , née von Uffeln , his wife, had Montbrillant Castle planned in the Herrenhausen Gardens, later known as the Welfengarten .

When the year 1728 began, the previously determined year of a possible repurchase of the former family seat by the von Alten family, there was a litigation that lasted almost a century with the von Platen family, as there were differing opinions about the value of the Lindener Schloss and the locations designed around it. It was only at the time of the Kingdom of Hanover , in 1816, after the victory of the Battle of Waterloo and the associated elevation of Major General Carl von Alten to the rank of count , that the two families interested in Linden Castle were able to settle their disputes, the von Alten family was able to do so Good to take them back to their own place of residence, even though Carl von Alten lived in the Friederiken castle until the end of his life .

Guided group of visitors on the palace terrace with a view of the garden ground floor and the Von-Alten-Buche

The von Alten beech, planted around 1835 on the garden ground floor near the balustrade of the palace terrace , also dates from the time the Linden Castle was repossessed by the von Alten family .

After the industrialization of the kingdom, which actually began in Linden and above all with Georg Egestorff , after the seizure of power by the National Socialists and in the last year of the Second World War , the Linden Castle was largely destroyed in 1945 by the British air raids on Hanover .

The only time of the German Empire in 1911 in the style of neo-baroque built gatehouses with the access to the old-From Garden

Only a few architectural remnants of Linden Castle have been preserved in the Von Alten Garden, including the gatehouses - also listed - in the park and former castle driveway at the end of Von-Alten-Allee . These - younger - buildings were not erected until the time of the German Empire in 1911 in the neo-baroque style.

Remains of sandstone architecture from the castle on one of the two children's playgrounds in the Von-Alten-Garten

After the state capital Hanover had the largest part of the Von-Alten-Garten in 1961, the remains of Linden Palace were demolished in 1965 as the green area was converted into a public park .

In preparation for the “City as a Garden” project for the Expo 2000 world exhibition , the 1.5- hectare garden ground floor of the former Linden Castle with its preserved terrace was redesigned from 1997 onwards . However, the open space with its grotto and sculptures with river deities is only open during the day and is closed again evening after evening to protect against vandalism , especially for the dying Von-Alten-Buche .

Archival material

Archival material on the history of Linden Castle, its residents and works of art can be found, for example

See also

Media coverage (selection)

  • Gerda Valentin: Linden / Of knights and lords of the castle / For centuries the noble family von Alten had an enormous influence on Linden. The castle of the noble family shaped the cityscape of Linden for many years. A journey through time. In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung (HAZ) of October 10, 2013; last accessed online on March 27, 2016

literature

  • Arnold Nöldeke : Monuments of the incorporated suburbs, Vol. 2: Die Kunstdenkmäler der Provinz Hannover Vol. 1, H. 2, Teil 2, Hannover, self-published by the provincial administration, Schulzes Buchhandlung, 1932, pp. 136–149
  • Alheidis von Rohr : On the baroque wall and ceiling paintings from the castle in Linden-Hanover , in Ferdinand Stuttmann (Ed.): Low German contributions to art history , Vol. 17 (1978), pp. 133-162
  • Walter Buschmann : Linden trees. History of an industrial city in the 19th century (= sources and representations on the history of Lower Saxony , vol. 92), dissertation 1979 at the University of Hanover, Hildesheim: Lax, 1981, ISBN 3-7848-3492-2 , pp. 10-12
  • Helmut Knocke : Linden Castle. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 410.
  • Torsten Bachmann: Baroque splendor in linden trees: The pleasure palace of Count von Platen , Erfurt: Sutton, 2012, ISBN 978-3-95400-112-5

Web links

Commons : Schloss Linden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Andreas-Andrew Bornemann: Collection of his postcards from the time around 1900 as image documentation of the Von-Alten-Garten, the castle and the surrounding area on the postkarten-archiv.de page
  • Thorsten Bachmann: The Linden Baroque Palace on the Lebensraum-linden.de page
  • Torsten Bachmann: A baroque pleasure palace in Linden / Von-Alten-Garten: Where there is little reminiscent of luxury today, a rich nobleman once resided [o. D.], downloadable as a PDF document from torsten-bachmann.de for the Lindenspiegel , last accessed on November 4, 2014

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Helmut Knocke: Lindener Schloss. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 410
  2. ^ Klaus Mlynek : Capital [function]. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 274
  3. ↑ Ernst von Malortie : Historical news of the family von Malortie from 1132-1872. Hanover: Klindworth's Hof-Druckerei, 1872, p. 66 and other; Preview over google books
  4. ^ Klaus Mlynek: Linden. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , pp. 406–409; here: p. 406
  5. ^ Klaus Mlynek: Christian Ludwig, Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , pp. 84f.
  6. ↑ a b c d Klaus Mlynek: Platen, Franz Ernst Frhr. von, later Imperial Count of P. Hallermund. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 503
  7. ↑ a b c d e f Helmut Knocke , Hugo Thielen : Von-Alten-Garten. In: Hanover. Art and Culture Lexicon , new edition, 4th updated and expanded edition, Springe: zu Klampen Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-934920-53-8 , pp. 210f.
  8. ^ Helmut Zimmermann : Calenberger Strasse , in ders .: The street names of the state capital Hanover. Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , p. 53
  9. ↑ Compare the photo documentation at Commons
  10. ↑ a b Michael Rohde: The Welfengarten. From the baroque aristocratic garden and public landscape park to the »university park« , in Marieanne von König (ed.): Herrenhausen. The Royal Gardens in Hanover , Göttingen: Wallstein-Verlag, [circa 2006], ISBN 978-3-8353-0053-8 and ISBN 3-8353-0053-9 , pp. 251-264; especially p. 251; online through google books
  11. ↑ Thomas Müller-Bahlke (responsible): Platen-Hallermund, Sophia Caroline Eva Antoinette on the website of the Francke Foundations in Halle in the version of November 7, 2012, last accessed on March 27, 2016
  12. ^ A b Klaus Mlynek: Alten, (1) Carl August Graf von. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 20
  13. ↑ a b Achim Brandau (responsible): Von-Alten-Garten: 200 year old beech trees must be fenced in , according to the subtitles a press release from the state capital of Hanover, published on February 24, 2014 on the linden-entdeck.de site
  14. ^ Waldemar R. Röhrbein : Industrialization. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 314f.
  15. ↑ a b Ilse Rüttgerodt-Riechmann: Neu-Linden. In: Monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany , architectural monuments in Lower Saxony, City of Hanover, part 2, vol. 10.2 , ed. by Hans-Herbert Möller , Lower Saxony State Administration Office - publications by the Institute for Monument Preservation , Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig / Wiesbaden 1985, ISBN 3-528-06208-8 , pp. 115–118, as well as Linden-Mitte in the addendum directory of architectural monuments acc. § 4 ( NDSchG ) (excluding architectural monuments of the archaeological monument preservation) / Status: July 1, 1985 / City of Hanover , p. 22f.

Coordinates: 52 ° 21 ′ 52.6 "  N , 9 ° 42 ′ 47.2"  E