Wilhelmsdorf (Württemberg)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 47 ° 52 '  N , 9 ° 26'  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Tübingen
County :	Ravensburg
Height :	616 m above sea level NHN
Area :	38.1 km 2
Residents:	5103 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	134 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	88271
Area code :	07503
License plate :	RV, SLG , ÜB , WG
Community key :	08 4 36 083
Community structure:	4 districts
Address of the municipal administration:	Saalplatz 7 88271 Wilhelmsdorf
Website :	www.gemeinde-wilhelmsdorf.de
Mayoress :	Sandra Escape
Location of the community Wilhelmsdorf in the district of Ravensburg

Wilhelmsdorf is a municipality in the western district of Ravensburg in Baden-Württemberg .

geography

Neighboring communities

The communities of Riedhausen , Guggenhausen , Fleischwangen , Fronreute and Horgenzell in the district of Ravensburg, Illmensee and Ostrach in the district of Sigmaringen and the community of Deggenhausertal in the Lake Constance district border on Wilhelmsdorf .

Community structure

The community Wilhelmsdorf consists of the districts Wilhelmsdorf, Esenhausen, Höhreute, Pfrungen and Zußdorf.

Wilhelmsdorf around 1920

history

View to the Saalplatz

Prayer room on Saalplatz

The interior of the prayer room

Children's home / youth welfare center Hoffmanhaus

Wilhelmsdorf

In contrast to the growing communities in the area, Wilhelmsdorf was founded as a pietistic settlement in 1824 . After the introduction of a new liturgy for the Württemberg regional church, there was strong resistance in Württemberg pietism because many people viewed the new order of worship as unchristian. When a wave of emigration began in the famine years of 1816/17 , numerous Pietists also left the country. The mayor of Leonberg , Gottlieb Wilhelm Hoffmann , succeeded in obtaining permission from King Wilhelm I of Württemberg to establish a religious settlement on the Korntal manor near the royal seat of Stuttgart. This congregation of brothers had the right to determine its own religious constitution, but was otherwise bound by the Württemberg laws. However, the king refused to establish further settlements because he feared the emergence of a larger non-church religious community. Only when Gottlieb Wilhelm Hoffmann offered to dry out the Lengenweiler Moosried near Pfrungen did the king permit the establishment of a "colony" as a daughter settlement of Korntal. In addition, he sold land from his private property in the barren moor of the Pfrunger-Burgweiler Ried to the Evangelical Brethren Community of Korntal . Since he also supported the construction of the settlement, the place was named after him. Wilhelmsdorf and Korntal are so-called brother communities , that is, non-regional church communities based on the Moravian model.

The first settlers arrived in January 1824 and began draining the moorland. However, they came from the central part of Württemberg and had no experience in cultivating such areas. In addition, the company was undercapitalized, so that the settlers were dependent on financial support from the king from the start. With royal privileges it was possible to reclaim the moor over time. However, the settlement got into a severe economic crisis and eventually went bankrupt. Only by expelling a third of the families and large donations from the Württemberg Pietists could the survival be ensured. In the middle of Catholic Upper Swabia , Wilhelmsdorf developed an independent life, but still characterized by difficult framework conditions and unfavorable conditions for agriculture. Despite the initial fear and aversion of the neighboring Catholic communities, it was again and again the then still independent communities of Esenhausen and Zußdorf who advocated interest-free loans to the poor community in the Ravensburg Oberamt .

In addition to agriculture, social institutions were established in Wilhelmsdorf, which developed well in the 19th century. They also contributed significantly to the maintenance of the community. Diverse diaconal institutions with schools, sanatoriums and nursing homes and educational institutions developed.

During the Nazi tyranny , on March 24, 1941, 19 patients from the former Protestant deaf-mute institution Wilhelmsdorf were deported to the Weinsberg State Psychiatric Hospital by the " gray buses " of the " Gemeinnützige Krankentransport GmbH " (Gekrat) , despite the reluctant refusal of the then head Heinrich Hermann . Among the 19 deportees were two women from the Diakonie Stetten , where they had already been selected for “disinfection”, but had been hidden by the staff there and then taken to Wilhelmsdorf. Of the 19 men and women who were supposed to be gassed in the course of the " euthanasia " killing campaign T4 in the Hessian Nazi killing center Hadamar near Limburg an der Lahn, only Ernst Weiß returned to Wilhelmsdorf. The Grafeneck Castle killing center was already closed at this point. Since then, a wall of pictures created in 1985 in the entrance area of ​​the Rotachheim of the Ziegler Disabled Aid has been a reminder of what happened. The title “Not one is forgotten before God” is based on Luke 12: 6. Two memorial stones in the local cemetery also commemorate this event.

The facilities of the Zieglerschen Anstalten , such as the Gotthilf-Vöhringer-Schule , a technical school for work and therapeutic education among other things , made Wilhelmsdorf known far beyond the surrounding area and shape the character of the community to this day.

Today's community was reorganized as part of the regional reform in Baden-Württemberg on January 1, 1973 by the union of the communities Wilhelmsdorf, Esenhausen, Pfrungen and Zußdorf. With effect from May 1, 1973, the former Baden towns of Höhreute, Niederweiler and Tafern left the Illmensee community , which until 1972 belonged to the Überlingen district and then belonged to the Sigmaringen district, and were reclassified to the Wilhelmsdorf community and thus to the Ravensburg district .

Auditions

In 1436, the acquired German Order Coming Altshausen the lower courts in Pfrungen from Ravensburger patrician Konrad Grimm. The high jurisdiction lay with the county Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg . Thus the Teutonic Order had rights in a place that was an exclave in the midst of other dominions, a few kilometers away from the small, closed Teutonic Order. In addition to the fiefdoms of the Teutonic Order, other lordships also owned goods, such as the clergy of Pfullendorf and the Salmansweiler monastery each with a fiefdom and the county of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg seven fiefdoms. Therefore, the gentlemen involved always had to negotiate with each other.

This situation persisted until secularization and mediatization . In 1806, the now Grand Duke of Baden occupied the place and claimed it for himself. However, through negotiation, King Friedrich von Württemberg succeeded in taking possession of the entire Altshausen Teutonic Order, so that Pfrungen became Württemberg in 1807.

Esenhausen

Esenhausen is located east of Wilhelmsdorf, bordering Lake Lengenweiler . The Lengenweiler See, a nature reserve, is what is known as a dead ice hole . The coat of arms shows a two-tower golden castle in black with a door in the right tower. Esenhausen forms an independent Catholic parish as a part of Wilhelmsdorf.

Zussdorf

Zußdorf was first mentioned in a document in 1177 and in the Middle Ages formed the center of a small lordship in the so-called Zocklerland . Zußdorf was almost completely destroyed by fire at the end of the Thirty Years War.

See also : Zußdorf Castle

Today, Zußdorf is a good example of the structural change in an Upper Swabian village. Agriculture is on the decline and is being relocated out of the village; The formerly lush orchards have been displaced by new development areas. Today the village has many clubs, shops and special buildings that do not exist in the other surrounding villages. A kindergarten is still available in Zußdorf, the elementary school was closed as a result of falling student numbers. Acting mayor is Thomas Schädler.

A strictly protected and endangered species of orchid, the lady's slipper, is at home in a deciduous forest area south of Zußdorf in the direction of the Höchst .

The brewery in Zußdorf is the only inn that has survived in the village and was formerly the center of the Luck brewery (Zocklerbräu) . The various other local buildings such as the ice cellar were demolished in the course of the village renovation in the early 1980s.

Buildings: The Schalander event and village community center , the Catholic Church, the Späth department store or the Gebhardt organic farm .

religion

While the core town continues to be shaped by the Pietist Evangelical Brethren , in the sub-towns of Esenhausen, Pfrungen and Zußdorf the Roman Catholic has maintained its dominance.

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman with voting rights. The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following result (with comparative figures from the previous elections):

0Party / list	be right	Share of votes	Seats		2014 result	Result 2009
0Free electoral association	10,678	34.3%	5		40.3%, 6 seats	6 seats
0Citizen List	9983	32.0%	5		36.6%, 5 seats	5 seats
0Different, of course	5323	17.1%	2		23.1%, 3 seats	3 seats
0active together	3705	11.9%	2		-	-
0SPD	1461	4.7%	1		-	-
0voter turnout	64.4%				56.4%	59.6%

mayor

In the mayoral election on March 13, 2016, Sandra Flucht was elected as the new mayor in the first ballot with 66.5% of the votes from five candidates. The turnout was 73%. She took office on June 1, 2016. This makes her the first female mayor in the Ravensburg district. Her predecessor was Hans Gerstlauer with a term of office of almost 19 years.

Culture and sights

The municipality of Wilhelmsdorf, together with the town of Pfullendorf and the municipalities of Illmensee, Ostrach and Wald, form the “Northern Lake Constance” holiday region, which was founded in 1999.

Museums

Wilhelmsdorf is home to the private museum for rural handicrafts and culture . It was built in 1985 in the style of a farmhouse from around 1880 and shows, from a small shovel to Christ crosses or household items, the range of rural life and craft and cultural objects in southern Germany (Bavaria and the Bodensee-Oberschwaben region). A new gem in the museum is a wine press from 1860 with carvings and four wooden spindles. Although the press from Deggenhausertal came from an Austrian wine region, it was also manufactured in a similar design in the Lake Constance region.

The farmhouse museum shows a time around the end of the 19th century. There is the stall with historical equipment hanging on the ceiling and in which the “ten commandments to win clean milk” can be read. On the same floor is the rustic bedroom with historical bed linen, night harbor and cradle, right next to it is the parlor with an oven, an old spinning wheel and a cozy seating area. Furthermore, in the numerous showcases and cupboards on the upper floor there are bricks to ward off evil spirits, Schrättele gates to protect against witches, a mirror that should ward off evil, chestnut balls against rheumatism and gout, a weather grain to protect against thunderstorms, witch ointments or stones with a holes made by nature, bridal crowns, small statues of the Madonna, prayer beads and a magic root that promises happiness and fertility to be seen.

The collection, which also includes a shepherd's shovel and the contents of a grocer's from earlier centuries, goes back to decades of collecting by the museum director.

The jewel of the property is the baroque courtyard chapel with onion dome, consecrated in 1993, in the immediate vicinity of which there is a granary, the distillery and baking house and a woodshed.

theatre

The non-profit cultural association Wilhelmsdorf eV (formerly Theatergruppe Wilhelmsdorf ) was founded in 1983 and operates its own theater house in Wilhelmsdorf, " Die Scheune", which was converted into a theater house by the club members, especially the family of the barn owners. The barn was inaugurated in 1989. Since then, events, concerts, exhibitions, film screenings and plays have taken place there on average every week. This is financed by the profits of the “Theater in der Scheune”, donations and grants from the Wilhelmsdorf community.

For the anniversary of the Zussdorf sports club and the Zussdorf volunteer fire brigade in 2007, the Waldbühne Zussdorf was built, and in 2009 the non-profit operating association Waldbühne Zussdorf eV was founded. The Waldbühne Zussdorf is a member of the State Association of Amateur Theater Baden-Württemberg and was nominated for the State Amateur Theater Prize Lamathea for the play "All Hopp - People, Neighbors, Sensations" in 2015 . The Waldbühne Zussdorf is a member of the State Association of Amateur Theater Baden-Württemberg.

societies

The local group Wilhelmsdorf of the Swabian Alb Association was awarded the Eichendorff plaque in 2007 .

Natural monuments

The Pfrunger-Burgweiler Ried is after the Federsee with 2600 hectares the second largest moor area in Baden-Württemberg. In 2002 the Pfrunger-Burgweiler Ried was included in the federal nature conservation project. Since May 2012, information has been provided about the Pfrunger-Burgweiler Ried nature reserve in the new, modern Wilhelmsdorf nature reserve. There is also a permanent interactive exhibition on the subject of moor.

Economy and Infrastructure

The largest oil and gas reserves in Baden-Württemberg are located under Wilhelmsdorf, in an area that stretches from Lake Illmensee to Fronhofen . Funding by Preussag was discontinued in 1997 after 32 years. The resulting cavities at a depth of around 1700 to 1900 meters are now used as underground storage for natural gas from Russia. The pore storage facility operated by Storengy , a subsidiary of GDF Suez , has a total volume of 153 million cubic meters.

traffic

The community is with some bus lines u. a. connected with Altshausen and Ravensburg and belongs to the Bodensee-Oberschwaben Verkehrsverbund (bodo) .

education

Gotthilf Vöhringer School

With a grammar school , a secondary school and the elementary and secondary school with the Werkrealschule, there are all types of school common in Baden-Württemberg. There is also an evangelical technical school ( Gotthilf-Vöhringer-Schule ) for professions in the social field and several special schools. There are six kindergartens for the youngest. While these - with the exception of the forest kindergarten - are pietistic in the core town, they are subordinate to the Roman Catholic Church in the sub-towns .

The Wilhelmsdorf grammar school has a history of over 100 years. It emerged from the so-called “Knabeninstitut”, one of the renowned Protestant boarding schools in Württemberg, which was founded in 1857. It was not until 1999 that the Zieglers closed the boarding school and handed over the upper level of the grammar school, which had been privately owned by the Ziegler, to the public school authority.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

• Andreas Reichle (1861–1921), born in Pfrungen, Lord Mayor of Ravensburg from 1904 to 1921
• Bernhard Hanssler (1907–2005), born in Tafern, founder of the Cusanuswerk
• Gerd Rigauer (* 1939), German film and television actor and voice actor
• Gerhard Stäbler (* 1949), composer

Other personalities

• Wendelin Überzwerch (1893–1962), actually Karl Wilhelm Fuß, German writer, lived in Wilhelmsdorf from 1945 until his death. A Karl-Fuss-Straße named in his honor can be found in the southeast of Wilhelmsdorf.
• Otto Coester (1902–1990), artist and graphic designer, lived in Wilhelmsdorf from 1967 to 1990.
• Eugen Steimle (1909–1987), Nazi war criminal, worked as a grammar school teacher for German and history after his release from the Landsberg war crimes prison in Wilhelmsdorf.
• Gregor Beck (* 1958), grew up in Zußdorf, hot jazz and swing drummer, among other things a member of the Big Chris Barber Band .
• Florian Schulz (* 1975), born in Weingarten, nature photographer

literature

• Johann Daniel Georg von Memminger: community Eßenhausen / Colonie Wilhelmsdorf / community Zußdorf . In: Description of the Oberamt Ravensburg. Cotta, Stuttgart and Tübingen 1836 ( "Eßenhausen" , "Wilhelmsdorf" , "Zußdorf" as full text on Wikisource).
• J. Ziegler: A king's child. Told for my sons . Verlag der Ziegler'schen Anstalten, Wilhelmsdorf / Bookstore of the Evangelical Society, Stuttgart 1905.
• Andreas Bühler (Ed.): 175 years of Wilhelmsdorf. Contributions to the past and present. Wilhelmsdorf, 1999.
• Eberhard Fritz: Radical Pietism in Württemberg. Religious ideals in conflict with social realities . Epfendorf 2003, pp. 247-254.
• Inga Bing-von Häfen: The responsibility is heavy ...: Euthanasia murders of the Ziegler institutions. Ed .: Die Zieglerschen - Wilhelmsdorfer Werke ev. Diakonie; Wilhelmsdorf 2011.

Movie

• Pöhlers Passagen , TV film from 2003, about the life of a traveling photographer around 1909, retold based on original photographs found in Wilhelmsdorf; Director: Klaus Armbruster , with Ulrike C. Tscharre .

Web links

Commons : Wilhelmsdorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Wilhelmsdorf in the description of the Oberamt Ravensburg from 1836  - sources and full texts

Wikisource: Pfrungen in the description of the Oberamt Saulgau from 1829  - sources and full texts

• Official website of the municipality
• Evangelical Brethren Congregation Wilhelmsdorf

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ^ Johannes Ziegler: Wilhelmsdorf. A royal child. The story of the Wilhelmsdorf Brethren is told for my sons. Wilhelmsdorf 1924
3. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 105
4. ^ Ralf Habich: The plight of the home manager Heinrich Herrmann with the murder of his fosterlings in Wilhelmsdorf near Ravensburg . In: The time . 1986 No./11 of March 7th
5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 531 .
6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 547 .
7. ↑ Municipality of Wilhelmsdorf / district of Ravensburg: Public announcement of the result of the election of the municipal council and the local council on May 26, 2019 in the newsletter of the municipality of Wilhelmsdorf on June 6, 2019. Available online: http://www.gemeinde-wilhelmsdorf.de/site /Wilhelmsdorf/get/documents_E-1849340811/wilhelmsdorf/Gemeinde_Wilhelmsdorf_Objekte/Mitteilungsblatt%202019/23%20KW%20Wilhelmsdorf.pdf
8. ↑ Together for tourism . In: Südkurier of December 5, 2011
9. ↑ ^{a b c} Barbara Müller: Excursion into the past . In: Südkurier of September 9, 2010
10. ↑ Herbert Guth: Cherry with wine press . In: Südkurier from September 6, 2011
11. ^ Museum Wilhelmsdorf. Story of a collector . In: Südkurier of November 13, 2008
12. ↑ For the Waldbühne, the tiger goes through fire. In: Schwäbische Zeitung. July 2, 2014, accessed May 1, 2018 . 
13. ^ Overview of the member stages of the State Association of Amateur Theater Baden-Württemberg eV
14. ↑ Waldbühne Zußdorf - A village makes theater. In: SWR TV BW. July 27, 2017, accessed May 1, 2018 . 
15. ↑ WaldBusBlues. In: Magazin Szene Kultur. August 2017, accessed May 1, 2018 . 
16. ↑ Award of the Eichendorff badge 2007 in Blätter des Schwäbischer Albverein, issue 1/2008, p. 29f
17. ↑ Mining in the Federal Republic of Germany 2008. Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology, 2009, p. 75.
18. ↑ A dark chapter . In: Südkurier of July 13, 2011