Siskin Forest

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Location of the Zeisigwald
Aerial view of the Siskin Forest
Aerial view of the Siskin Forest

The Zeisigwald is a forest area in the northeast of the city of Chemnitz and a remnant of the old Ore Mountains forest Miriquidi . It is the largest contiguous forest area in the city of Chemnitz.

history

The forest was first mentioned in a document in 1331 as the Keiser's forest . From then on it was owned by the Benedictine monastery in Chemnitz . From 1331 to 1549 the Zeisigwald is said to have been a place for the Fehm courts of the city and monastery. According to a folk legend, the townspeople buried a treasure in the Siskin Forest during the Hussite War . In 1402 the city bought parts of the monastery village of Gablenz from the monastery , and parts of the forest were also acquired. From 1493 it was first mentioned as Zceizigerwalt . The name comes from a bird production that was operated at the time, especially the catching of siskins . In addition to this name, the forest was also repeatedly mentioned under other names: Rathswald , Communewald , Churfürstlicher Zeisigwald , Königsforst , Staatsforst and Bürgerwald . These name changes are mainly due to the changing ownership structure. In the course of secularization , the part of the forest west of today's forest road came into the possession of the city of Chemnitz in 1546. The eastern part belonged to changing state authorities. In 1567 the right to hunt on urban property had to be ceded to the sovereign. The city only got this back in 1814. From the middle of the 16th century porphyry tufa was mined in the forest on an old volcanic area on a large scale. The city council also gradually bought up the eastern areas of the forest. A first survey of the forest was carried out in 1761 by Trenkmann, who stated the forest area to be 160.1 ha. During a new survey by Menges in 1847/48, the current division of the forest into wings and aisles was made. In addition to economic and military use for decades, the forest has been used primarily as a recreational area for the city of Chemnitz since the 20th century. The entire forest area was incorporated into the urban area in 1950. Only the northern foothills belonged to Niederwiesa .

geography

The Zeisigwald is located between the districts of Gablenz , Sonnenberg , Yorckgebiet and Hilbersdorf , to whose land registry it belongs. On its eastern edge are the Beutenberghäuser and Anton Günther settlements . With an area of ​​more than 600 hectares, it is the largest urban recreation area in the city of Chemnitz. It probably once reached, as the remainder of the large, contiguous Ore Mountain Forest , over the Sonnenberg to today's Theaterplatz .

The highest point is the 420.9 meter high Beutenberg, a remnant of volcanic activity in the area of ​​the former Zeisigwald caldera . It is located directly on the watershed between the catchment areas of the Chemnitz and Zschopau rivers . Another elevation within the forest area is the 398.3 meter high Fuchsberg. This mountain ridge, also known as Dostsche Halde , was created in the 19th century as a waste dump from the surrounding quarries.

The Beutenberg was used for land surveying with the Royal Saxon Triangulation . On top of it was a triangulation column with the number 92 ( 50 ° 50 ′ 52 ″ N, 12 ° 58 ′ 56 ″ E ), a second-order station . The first-order stations Udohöhe (13) and Pfaffenberg (16) as well as the second-order stations Dittersdorfer Höhe (91), Taurastein (93) and Sachsenburg (94) were in direct visual contact . The 6.1 m high, octagonal, upwardly tapering column had a diameter of 50 cm at the bottom. It was made in July 1871 for 591  marks (around 5,900 euros today) from the porphyry of the surrounding quarries. The foundation reached a depth of one meter. The inscription is no longer known. After the porphyry quarries around the Beutenberg grew steadily, the column still stood on a stone island in the middle of the quarry in 1930. Nothing is known about their whereabouts. From 1965 the surrounding quarries were filled in.

ecology

The Zeisigwald is a mixed forest , especially a submontane Luzulo -Eichen-Buchenwald. The predominant tree species are beech , oak , spruce , larch and pine . In addition, numerous Weymouth pines , silver spruces , locust trees and red oaks were planted at the end of the 19th century . The Zeisigwald has a total of 26 different tree species with a total wood supply of around 68,000 m³. The wood supply is distributed as follows: European beech 19,900 m³, red oak 14,600 m³, English oak 8,100 m³, Weymouth pine, larch and spruce each with between 6,700 m³ and 5,100 m³. Forestry in the Zeisigwald has been FSC-certified since 2002 . In the southern part of the forest in particular, the ground vegetation is species-poor and suggests soil acidification . The lower edge areas of the Beutenberg are partly waterlogged . Countless smaller streams run through the forest, which arise from seepage water sources. In some parts, several smaller bogs have formed, mainly swamp bogs . The beech and oak stocks in the Siskin Forest are preferred breeding areas for birds of prey and woodpeckers. Bats and wild bees nest in smaller caves.

Ten areas of the Siskin Forest with a total of 28  hectares have been declared area natural monuments: The FND Alder Swamp (4.9 hectares, since 1975) is located in the northeasternmost tip of the Siskin Forest. Alder forests, wet meadows and bog vegetation form species-rich wetland biotopes with a large number of endangered plant species and communities as well as a rich bird life. The FND Badwiese Ebersdorf (1.1 hectares, since 1995) is the area of ​​the former Reichsbahnbad, on whose wet meadows numerous endangered plant species and wild orchids grow. The FND Fuchsberg (1.9 ha, since 1973) and the FND Ratssteinbruch (2.2 ha, since 1973) are formed by the areas around the Fuchsberg and the old Findelwirth quarry. Both serve to preserve the quarry landscape and the undisturbed development of the forest and are breeding grounds for numerous bird species. Five areas with beech trees were also declared a natural monument in 2007, the FND beech population at Goldborn (1.8 ha), the FND beech population east of Grenzweg (1.6 hectares), the FND beech population at the Reconciliation Monument (2.9 hectares), the FND beech stand at the Bethanien Hospital (3.0 ha) and the FND beech stand on the Grüner Weg (3.7 ha). As grove-oak-beech forests, these are a habitat worthy of protection according to the EU Flora-Fauna-Habitat Directive. The FND headwaters in the southern Zeisigwald (4.9 ha, since 2003) includes the area of ​​the former tank farm. The headwaters of the Gablenzer Grundbach are to be preserved as headwaters with ponds, swamps and succession areas.

The former council quarry is part of a reference area of the World Forest Council FSC, which is converted into a primeval forest and is therefore no longer maintained. Trees may not be removed or replanted there, entry is at your own risk.

On the northern edge of the Zeisigwaldes lying nature reserve (NSG) on the northern Zeisigwald , which was reported in 2013 as NSG.

geology

The forest floor consists mainly of the Rotliegend of the Leukersdorf formation in the Vorerzgebirgs valley . Volcanic events that occurred around 290 million years ago helped shape today's landscape. Long eruption periods at that time are the reasons why a mighty tuff deposit with a thickness of up to 90 meters was formed in this area of ​​the Vorerzgebirgs Depression and in a special layered location, mainly located in the built-up urban area, well-preserved petrified wood from the Permian the so-called Petrified Forest can be recovered. The ejected volcanic ashes solidified into so-called Zeisigwaldtuff or Hilbersdorfer Porphyrtuff , which was increasingly used for construction work in Chemnitz and the surrounding area in the 19th century. A “softer” version of the porphyry tufa prevails along Dresdner Strasse; On the White Way between Dresdner Strasse and the Beutenberg summit, the fissured porphyry tufa, solidified by silica, dominates, which has a dense structure and great hardness.

Historical and other uses

In the eastern Zeisigwald there is an Anton Günther memorial stone and a memorial stone for Heinrich Cotta . The Heinrich Cotta memorial stone, which consisted of a petrified piece of tree trunk, was stolen between December 2012 and January 2013. At the beginning of June 2013 the Museum für Naturkunde Chemnitz donated a new piece of petrified tree trunk so that the memorial stone could be put up again. The Saxon Way of St. James also leads through the Zeisigwald .

  • Anton Günther memorial stone

  • inscription

  • Heinrich Cotta memorial stone

  • Information board on Heinrich Cotta

Hunting area and timber industry

The forest was already used as a source for firewood and construction wood during the times of the Benedictine monastery in Chemnitz. The Vogelstellerei is already documented for this time, from 1493 to appoint Zceißigwalt led. Bees were bred on the Beutenberg (booty: beehive ). In the 16th century the forest came under municipal ownership. In addition to the timber industry and bird felling, the forest was then also used for hunting. From 1567 to 1818 the city had to cede the hunting rights in the Zeisigwald to the sovereign. Due to an increasing demand for firewood and construction wood, as well as clearing to create pastures for cattle, there was extensive excavation of the timber from the 15th to the 18th century, with partial desertification. In 1826 the city council issued a ban that forbade every citizen to enter the forest in the case of "Aretur und Strafe". This was justified, among other things, with sprawling “popular amusements” in the forest area. Despite forestry regulations and ordinances, there was partial forest devastation in the second half of the 18th century; By the early 19th century, the forest had become so light that targeted reforestation had to take place. For economic reasons, mainly fast-growing softwoods such as spruce, pine and fir were planted. In 1828 the forester Hans Ernst von Manteuffel received the approval to "make the Ratsforst the subject of his forester trial work". This chose an 80-year growth cycle and divided the forest with aisles into eight forest divisions. These monocultures became a problem as early as 1850 : pests , bad air in the industrial city, and snow and storms had caused extensive forest damage . In 1880 the Chemnitz council forester came to the conclusion that 70% of the raw wood had to be felled. Therefore, from then on, hardwood cultivation was pushed again.

Porphyry tufa mining

In the Zeisigwald there are large deposits of porphyry tuff with a thickness of up to 90 meters. These were largely dismantled. The material from the Zeisigwald is best known as Hilbersdorfer Porphyrtuff or Hilbersdorfer Porphyry . While a softer porphyry tufa, suitable for processing stone, predominates along Dresdner Strasse, porphyry tufa dominates the White Way between Dresdner Strasse and the Beutenberg summit, which was largely used as gravel and split due to its great hardness . The quarries stretched over the entire area between Dresdner Straße, Weißer Weg, Beutenberg, Zeisigwaldschänke and Forststraße all the way down to today's police headquarters.

The dismantling began in the early 16th century . The tulip pulpit in Freiberg Cathedral is an impressive testimony to this period . Georgius Agricola called the stone saxa Kempniciana , Petrus Albinus wrote in his Bergk Chronica in 1590:

"With us in Meyssen, however, the Kemnitzer stone is the most noble, which either mixes white and red, or splintering light, of white and red, as it is found in several quarries there."

- Petrus Albinus : Meissnian Bergk-Chronica

  • Tulip pulpit in Freiberg Cathedral

  • Tulip pulpit in Freiberg Cathedral

  • Portal of the Chemnitz Castle Church

  • Cloister in the Chemnitz Castle Church

  • Portal at the old town hall of Chemnitz

From the end of the 18th century on the Beutenberg in the Beutenbergbruch , the first crushed stone quarry in the Zeisigwald, crushed stone was extracted for road construction. 1797, Chemnitz was stonemason guild founded, after Hilbersdorf and Zeisigwald become the center of Chemnitz block extraction developed. In the 19th century, the need for building blocks grew rapidly due to the industrial rise of the city of Chemnitz. The porphyry tuff from the Zeisigwald was used in the construction method typical in Chemnitz in the first half of the 19th century for the foundation walls of the buildings as well as for door and window frames , floor coverings and stairs . More and more breaks in the Siskin Forest were opened up . Around 1880 the construction of the Devil's Bridge was initiated. These served as trench shoring to support the vertical walls between which the access road to the Findewirth quarry at that time (later: Ratsherren-Steinbruch or Ratssteinbruch ) was built, and are still preserved today. They represented a representative entrance to the quarry. Right next to the driveway is the house of the former head master of the Chemnitz stonemasons' guild, built in 1869 and known as the Porphyry House at Dresdner Strasse 230 . In the second half of the 19th century there was competition with the local porphyry tufa due to the railway connection with the sandstone from the Elbe Sandstone Mountains .

  • Porphyry house

  • Access to the council quarry

  • Access to the council quarry

  • Devil's Bridges

  • Devil's Bridges

  • Ratssteinruch

  • Council quarry

“In 1855, 600–700 workers were employed in 24 quarries. […] The Chemnitz stonemason trade reached its highest level of employment in 1888. 1400–1500 people were employed in 40 porphyry quarries. 21 quarries belonged to Hilbersdorfer stonemasons, where 847 workers were employed. [...] The other stone pits were operated by masters from Chemnitz and from villages near the Zeisigwald. Up to 100 stonemasons, stone breakers and unskilled workers worked in the largest companies. "

- Chemnitz stonemason guild: history of the guild of the laudable stonemasonry trade in the office and the city of Chemnitz from 1797 to 1934

In 1892 the second gravel quarry was opened on Beutenberg. This was mainly used to extract ballast for the construction of the tracks at the Hilbersdorf marshalling and freight yard until 1902. The ballast was transported by a specially set up cable car directly from Beutenberg to the construction site at Hilbersdorf station. In 1902 this gravel quarry was closed again. In 1900 a third gravel quarry was opened on the Weisse Weg, which was used to mine until 1935.

From 1910, more and more quarries in the Zeisigwald closed. The reason for this was the emergence of concrete construction and the First World War . After the Allied bombing raids in World War II , many disused quarries were filled with rubble and rubble . In the first housing program in the city center after the war from 1951 to 1956, Porphyrtuff from the Zeisigwald was used again. In the following years, however, this was increasingly displaced by the Rochlitz porphyry tuff . The backfilling of the Beutenbergbruch began as early as 1965. After the reed pond, a popular fishing pond under the management of the Angler Association, had formed in the second gravel quarry , which was closed in 1902 , this quarry was also filled in from 1970. Only the third gravel fraction remained unfilled and today serves as the fracture pond . Until the water quality deteriorated rapidly in the 1970s, it was used as a wild natural pool. This deterioration in water quality is primarily due to the Weißer Weg landfill opened at the time and the dumping of rubbish in the neighboring quarries.

A last remaining break between Fuchsberg and Engelshalde promoted until the 1980s as PGH Bauhütte , Natural Stone Department , porphyry tuff to rebuild destroyed cultural monuments such as St. Wolfgang's Church in Schneeberg, until it was finally closed.

In the 1990s, a widely ramified network of paths was laid out in the area of ​​the old quarries, the edges of the former quarries were secured with railings and the Fuchsberg was made into a vantage point with a view of the city of Chemnitz and the foothills of the Ore Mountains. The former council quarry is considered an area monument . The porphyry house at Dresdner Strasse 230 was renovated and is now used as a residential building. The listed Teufelsbrücken are badly dilapidated and threatened with collapse. In 2006, the Chemnitz city ​​council proposed to renovate the Teufelsbrücken and, together with the volcanic region Zeisigwald and the Petrified Forest, to make it a UNESCO World Heritage Site . However, this plan was abandoned again. It was not until 2008 that the city council decided to apply to the Federal Environment Foundation for funding for the renovation. Chemnitzer Fasa AG announced that it wanted to participate in the renovation of the monument. The renovation should take place between 2009 and 2010. However, nothing was done until 2013 and some parts of the walls have collapsed.

  • The fracture pond

  • Fracture pond

  • Fracture pond

  • Stairs in the dump area of ​​the former quarries

  • Demolition edge with railing

  • Refuge in the old quarries

  • View from the Fuchsberg viewpoint over the city

  • collapsing devil's bridges

  • Pulverhaus am Steinweg

Recreation area

The Zeisigwald only served as a local recreation area from the end of the 18th century.

Forest park in the western Siskin Forest

Already before 1974 the city chronicler Carl Lehmann reported on the Goldborn spring as a public place of amusement, where the citizens made coffee in a convivial circle with the delicious water of the spring. In 1795, at the source of the Goldborn, a tributary of the Blaubornbach, a seating group as well as a stone surround of the source with an attached scoop and a stone stove were built. Until then, it served as part of the Chemnitz drinking water supply. But as early as 1826, the rampant fun of the people in the Zeisigwald led to a city council resolution, which forbade citizens to enter the forest in the event of “arrest and punishment”. However, this ban did not last. In 1870 an artificial rock, the Goldborn rock, was added to Goldborn . (However, this is now weathered and disintegrated.) Later a small pond was dammed up at the source. From the end of the 19th century, a targeted redesign of the western siskin forest began as a local recreation area. In 1894 an extensive forest playground was created. In 1900 the Blaubornbach was dammed not far from the Goldborn and the forest playground to the blue borne pond, in 1911 it was dammed a second time further west and the Engelmann pond was created, between the two ponds another small barrage forms the weaver pond . At Engelmann pond there was a garden restaurant with a gondola, in winter it served as a municipal ice rink. From 1907 the garden architect and then city garden director Otto Werner began planning a forest park. The forest playground, the Zeisigwaldschänke and the ponds at the Goldbach and Blaubornbach were also included in these plans. Numerous new paths as well as artificial windings and pond-like widenings on the streams were also planned. A spacious entrance area was to be created at the edge of the forest. On November 5, 1907, the city council decided to redesign a part of the Zeisigwald and horticultural facilities at the planned light and air bath . Three annual installments of 6,000 RM each (today a total of 109,600 euros) were estimated as costs. Construction work on Goldborn began as early as 1908, and in 1909 the Zeisigwaldbad with two pools was built next to the forest playground. For 1909 and 1910, however, the planned 6,000 RM were not approved by the city council, so that the forest park could not be further built. For this reason, a less complex plan template was created in 1910. But this was also rejected by the city council, this time on the grounds that it interfered too much with the character of the forest. In 1911, a greatly simplified form of the original forest park planning was decided and implemented. In the 1950s, a “recreational and popular sports park” was planned, but it was never implemented. There is still a large playground on the former forest playground. The Engelmann pond was reduced in size from 1975 by the extension of the dairy.

  • Goldborn

  • Blue borne pond

  • Blueborn pond

  • Weaver pond

  • Engelmann pond

  • Engelmann pond

  • Engelmann pond

Historic excursion restaurants

At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, three inns were built in the Zeisigwald: the Beutenbergbaude , the Zeisigwaldschänke and the Heideschänke .

The Beutenbergbaude and the Beutenberg Tower

In 1887 a tower was built on the Beutenberg. The 25 m high, wooden observation tower with its 25 m² observation platform was opened on September 11, 1887. The platform could be reached via 137 steps and offered space for up to 30 people. Until then, the 418.25 m high summit of the Beutenberg was largely unknown to the Chemnitz city population. For the construction of the tower, the Kingdom of Saxony provided a plot of land 200 m northeast of the summit, the owners of the adjacent quarries supported the construction with free stone deliveries for the tower substructure. The actual tower was built from wood. The construction costs amounted to 2,882  RM (today about 20,840 euros), the architect was Hugo Duderstaedt . Tickets for the tower ascent cost 10  RPf , the client and operator was the Chemnitz Erzgebirgsverein, which saw the Beutenberg as its local mountain. In addition, signposts and benches have been set up throughout the Zeisigwald. 1,415 visitors were already counted on the first day, and 5,464 people visited the tower in the following year. However, since the tower was exactly in the firing direction of the shooting range about a kilometer away at the Heideschänke, the tower could not be climbed every day. After bullets from the firing range hit the tower, from 1891 it was only allowed to be climbed on Sundays and public holidays. Nevertheless, over 150,000 visitors climbed the tower by 1909. In good weather, the Fichtelberg and the city of Leipzig could be seen from the top of the tower .

The planned construction of an inn was prohibited by the royal Saxon forest administration. Further plans were thwarted by the First World War. It was not until 1921 that a provisional excursion restaurant could be put into operation. For this purpose, three old military barracks and 11,350 m² of land were purchased for 8,000 marks (around 1,350 euros today). The barracks had served as a branch of the prisoner-of-war camp in Ebersdorf until 1918 and housed the prisoners of war who had to work in the quarry. In 1921 a large forest and homeland festival was held there, the proceeds of which were to be used to build an inn. With the money, another 9,350 m² area including the Beutenberg summit and the adjacent quarry could be acquired in 1922. The rest of the money was lost to inflation in 1923. By purchasing the area, the Erzgebirgsverein was able to save the Beutenberg from being demolished by the surrounding quarries. At that time, the barracks were also used by the Chemnitz climbing club as club premises. Climbing demonstrations were held regularly in the adjacent quarries. In the summer there were boy scout tent camps on the site.

In 1925 concrete plans for the construction of an inn began. The groundbreaking ceremony took place on April 7, 1927, and the Beutenbergbaude mountain inn and accommodation, built in half-timbered style, was opened on October 16 . The construction was financed from savings bank funds. In summer the hut was frequented by hikers and walkers, in winter it served as a starting point for skiers on the ski meadow on Dresdner Straße. A two-lane toboggan run with a jumping hill also ran from Beutenberg through the Zeisigwald towards the city in winter. This was electrically lit in the evening. Around 1930 the Ore Mountains dialect poet Max Wenzel dedicated the song “Uner Beutenbarg!” To Beutenberg with his inn and observation tower , which has the same melody as Anton Günther's famous song “Da Draakschenk” . Declining membership numbers and rising unemployment reduced the income of the Chemnitz Ore Mountains Association drastically around 1930. By 1930 the tower had deteriorated to such an extent that it had to be closed in the meantime. It could only be reopened in 1934. When the Erzgebirgsverein Chemnitz had to file for bankruptcy in 1936, the entire area went to the Städtische Sparkasse Chemnitz . The Chemnitz coffee house owner Michaelis received the observation tower, which had already been pledged to him, as a creditor and sold it to the city of Chemnitz. Even during the change of ownership, the tower had to be closed to the public again and again due to its poor structural condition. Only the SA radio troops were allowed to climb the tower with a special permit for their nightly exercises.

With the beginning of the Second World War, the entire area around the Beutenberg summit was claimed by the Air Force. This used the tower for the observation of the Chemnitz airspace. A flak position with six guns was set up in the immediate vicinity of the tower. The hut served as accommodation for the flak teams. Despite Allied bombing raids on this flak position (there are still numerous bomb craters in this forest area today), the tower and the inn survived the war almost unscathed. After the end of the war, civilians were forced by the Soviet troops to transport the numerous duds in this area to the quarry. The detonation wave of the subsequent targeted demolition destroyed the Beutenbergbaude, the tower was only damaged. Sometime between 1945 and 1946 the tower disappeared, the needy population used it and the remains of the hut as firewood. Other sources assume a demolition on the orders of the Soviet military administration.

In 2005 the position of the former tower was re-measured and marked with a measurement point. On September 11, 2007, 120 years after its construction, a memorial stone was erected for the tower. A group of friends is trying to rebuild the tower in the near future, but the funds are currently lacking.

  • View from Beutenberg to the Ore Mountains

  • former location of the tower

  • Plaque

  • ... on a mural in the Yorck area

The Zeisigwaldschänke

As early as 1794, the Chemnitz councilor Johann Georg Treffurth had a coffee shop built on the site of today's Zeisigwaldschänke and a path lit with gas lanterns. In this central location in the Zeisigwald forest, the Waldschänke was opened in 1899 by the Chemnitz Castle Brewery after it had leased the property a year earlier. The Waldschänke was built according to A. Trübenbach's plans as a traditional half-timbered construction in the Heimat style. The restaurant, located not far from the Goldborn and the forest playground, was very popular with the population and also had a concert pavilion. From 1905 the excursion restaurant was taken over as Zeisigwaldschänke by the city of Chemnitz and the pub and property were bought up in 1911. Under city building officer Richard Möbius , the first modifications were made and a large summer terrace was laid out. The city later leased the property. Further conversions and additions followed in 1910, 1913 and 1927 by the city or the respective tenant. In 1926 the excursion restaurant was temporarily renamed Wildschänke .

The inn was spared from the war and from 1947 it was again a popular restaurant. In 1952 the concert pavilion was closed. As an HO restaurant , the property was run down without renovation. Even if the Zeisigwaldschänke was included in the list of monuments of Karl-Marx-Stadt in 1985 as a “typical representative of the entertainment venues of the proletariat and other socially lower social classes in the era of capitalism” , it had to be closed at the end of the 1980s due to the poor structural condition Closed for security reasons.

The building then fell into severe disrepair until 2002. Due to the half-timbered architecture and the dilapidated condition, the building was sometimes called the Old Witch House by the population . In the meantime, a low-rise building on the other side of the path served as a replacement. The renovation of the listed building began in 2000. The Zeisigwaldschänke has since been completely renovated and is open again. There is a small wooden chapel next to the inn, which is also used for weddings. This is a reconstruction of the garden house built in 1919 by the architect Emil Ebert at Zeisigwaldstraße 76, partly with original beams and stones.

  • Zeisigwaldschänke 2007

  • Zeisigwaldschänke 2013

  • Winter garden

  • back

  • Wooden chapel

  • Beer garden at the Zeisigwaldschänke

Notes: Roof shingles for renovation: beaver tails from the Planitzstrasse barracks

The Heideschänke

The property on the southeastern edge of the Zeisigwald was moved into in 1905 by the Kölbel family. In order to supply the forest workers, walkers and visitors to the shooting range, a permit was applied for in 1908 to “operate a bar and food establishment” and in 1909 the “permit to operate a bar including the serving of brandy” was granted. In 1928 the family registered their bar operation as an OHG . In 1929 an application was made to add a hall. At that time, the beer garden already had 1,000 seats. In the Second World War, the bar had to be stopped, the hall and veranda were used as a hospital. The family was then able to maintain the private bar until 1960, after which they had to sign a lease with the consumer society in 1962 . In 1969 the consumer company took over the business completely. After the fall of the Wall, the Heideschänke was closed and sold to a real estate investor in 1992.

In 1995 the hall reopened as a dance house and disco, and in 1996 the excursion restaurant and beer garden too. However, due to disputes with the bank and unpaid loans, the Heideschänke had to close again on New Year's Eve 1997/98. After several auctions, the Heideschänke was reopened in 2003. The renovated excursion restaurant again offered a beer garden with 80 seats and a large children's playground as well as a restaurant and a dance hall. After the property was sold in autumn 2019, the new owner began demolishing to make room for homes. The Statt imposed a demolition stop, which it withdrew in January 2020, so that the Heideschänke was completely demolished in spring 2020.

  • Heideschänke

  • Heideschänke

  • Heideschänke

The pond tavern

After the Engelmann pond was completed for the ice rink in 1911, there was a separate bar tent from 1915. In 1924 a wooden canteen house was built. In addition to ice skating in winter, rowing boats were also offered in summer. In 1945 the Teichschänke was badly damaged by aerial bombs and later completely demolished.

Outdoor pools

Zeisigwaldbad
The former Zeisigwaldbad 1953

In 1909, the Zeisigwaldbad with two 8 x 15 m pools was built as the first urban swimming and air bath , right next to the forest playground that was laid out in 1894. The pools were strictly separated according to men and women. Between 1910 and 1927, around 50,000 people from Chemnitz visited the spa every year. In 1928 the pool was expanded with a larger 20 x 50 m pool with a three-meter tower and one-meter board and an enlarged sunbathing area. In addition, a sports field, a playground and a pool restaurant as well as a new supply line from the blue-borne pond were built. At the same time, the gender segregation was lifted. This brought a large increase in visitor numbers to the bathroom. In 1928 the bath had already 170,000 bathers. Around 1930 it was leased to the operator W. Kühnert and operated as a spa restaurant, air and swimming pool Zeisigwald . The pool was destroyed in the Second World War, only the basins were largely preserved. After the reconstruction in 1953, the bathing operation was maintained until 1983. In 1983 it was finally closed for hygienic reasons: the water quality could no longer be guaranteed, the necessary renovation measures exceeded the financial possibilities. After 1983 the facility was dismantled. At the beginning of the 1990s, the area was temporarily used for discoveries. In the meantime nothing is left of the Zeisigwaldbad except the entrance pavilion, only a large depression in the forest indicates the former position of the large swimming pool.

Reichsbahnbad
former Reichsbahnbad

The Reichsbahnbad was built in 1928 next to the Chemnitz-Hilbersdorf station on the northern edge of the Zeisigwald . The water was heated with steam from the adjacent Hilbersdorf station, the largest marshalling yard in the German Empire. The pool also served as a training facility for the “Lokomotive” Reichsbahn sports club. The bathroom was only slightly damaged during the war. As early as 1946 it was able to be put back into operation as a competitive sports facility. A steam locomotive that was no longer operational was used for heating. After the railway administration withdrew from Hilbersdorf, the preservation of the facility could no longer be guaranteed. In 1996 the bath was closed. After many years of vacancy, the buildings and paved areas were demolished from 2003 to 2003 and the approximately 1 hectare area was renatured. Today only the depression at the location of the old swimming pool is reminiscent of the bath.

Niederwiesa natural swimming pool
Abandoned pool of the former natural pool.
Niederwiesa natural pool 2018

The Niederwiesa natural swimming pool was opened in 1921. The meadow, forest and pond area was several hectares in size and, in addition to natural swimming ponds, also offered a concrete swimming pool with starting blocks. The bath enjoyed steadily increasing popularity and was ultimately one of the largest baths in the region with daily visitors of up to 6000 bathers. After 1945 the area was also used as a campsite. In 1990 the bath had to close due to claims to be transferred back to previous owners. In 2003 a new investor was found. In the meantime, bathing has resumed at the largest of the ponds and a new lawn has been created. You can also camp there again. The former concrete basin lies fallow and overgrown.

Quarry lakes

In the 1950s to 1970s, two flooded stone quarries in the Beutenberg area were used by the Chemnitz youth as an unauthorized outdoor pool. After the upper lake was filled with rubbish and rubble, the water quality of the lower lake deteriorated so much that bathing was no longer possible.

Police bath

In 1925, the Chemnitz police sports club built an outdoor pool next to its shooting range at the Heideschänke. This was used until shortly after 1945.

Healthcare

The Zeisigwaldkliniken Bethanien on the edge of the Zeisigwald
Zeisigwaldkliniken Bethanien

The Zeisigwaldkliniken Bethanien Chemnitz are located on the southern edge of the western Zeisigwald on Zeisigwaldstrasse . The Royal Saxon Garrison Hospital for the barracks on Planitzstrasse had been located there since 1906 . From 1915 to 1918 it was greatly expanded again. In 1931 the Bethanien hospital was opened by the deaconesses of the Bethanien Association right next to the garrison hospital . In 1945 the clinics were handed over to the city of Chemnitz by the Soviet troops as a hospital to ensure medical care for the citizens of Chemnitz. From 1948 to 1976 the clinics were greatly expanded and expanded. In 1992 the clinics were handed over to the sponsorship of Bethanien Krankenhaus Chemnitz gGmbH , founded in 1991 .

Dresdner Strasse Clinic

From 1903 to 1905 the municipal mental hospital Hilbersdorf was built on the north-western edge of the Zeisigwald on Dresdner Strasse and opened on April 11, 1905. The quiet location on the edge of the forest should support the recovery of the psychiatric and neurological patients. Porphyry tufa from the nearby quarries was largely used as building material. Despite constant expansion in the following years, the need for inpatient psychiatric care could hardly be met. As early as 1909 to 1910, an extension for a neurological clinic was built according to Richard Möbius ' plans . From 1928 to 1931 a large spa building in the Bauhaus style followed , which was used as a sanatorium for the mentally ill. In the Third Reich , this was converted into a children's hospital for reasons of National Socialist racial hygiene (and remained this until 1999). During the times of the GDR, the structural condition of the buildings deteriorated noticeably, so that a closure of the clinics was already discussed after the fall of the Wall. Due to the historical structure and the favorable location, however, the buildings have been preserved. Between 1994 and 1998 the clinics were extensively renovated. From 1998 to 2000 a new geriatric clinic was built on the site, and in 2001 a new extension for neurological intensive care medicine. Today the clinic complex Dresdner Strasse 178 belongs to the Chemnitz Clinic .

Sports

The sports field on the forest road , located on the edge of the forest, is still used today as the home of the Chemnitz police sports club for the various sports on offer. Right next to it is the stadium on Gellertstrasse (formerly Dr. Kurt Fischer Stadium ), the home of Chemnitzer FC . There has been a sports facility here since 1934, which was the home of the PSV and which was taken over by the People's Police in 1945. Then the stadium went to the SG Chemnitz Nord (forerunner of FC Karl-Marx-Stadt ) and was in 1950 Dr. Kurt Fischer stadium renamed. After the fall of the Wall, the name was changed to Stadion an der Gellertstrasse . A third stadium is located on Eubaer Straße on the southern edge of the eastern Zeisigwald. This is the home of TSV IFA Chemnitz.

Many bridle paths run through the Zeisigwald. Mountain bikers use countless single trails and downhill passages in the area of ​​the former quarries, especially on the Fuchsberg. Near the Zeisigwaldschänke numerous wild dirt jumps have been created in depressions and bomb craters . In addition to the stadium on Gellertstrasse, the city also built an official dirt track in 2010. The council quarry was used for climbing for many years. However, this is now prohibited there. The Anglerverband Chemnitz operates a fishing lake in the quarry area.

  • Stadium on Gellertstrasse

  • Single trail on the Fuchsberg

  • Single trail on the Fuchsberg

  • Dirt jumps near the Zeisigwaldschänke

Military use

Barracks

On the southern edge of the Zeisigwald on the former Planitzstrasse (later Leninstrasse, today Heinrich-Schütz-Strasse), the barracks of the 15th Royal Saxon Infantry Regiment No. 181 and the associated garrison hospital, today part of the Zeisigwaldkliniken Bethanien Chemnitz, were located . From 1905 the 3rd Royal Saxon Uhlan Regiment No. 21 was also stationed there. After the complex was used for public facilities after the First World War, the 2nd Division of Artillery Regiment No. 60 and Artillery Commandantur 24 were stationed in the former Uhlan barracks, now known as Kirchbach barracks , from 1935 , and the former infantry barracks were located in König Albert Kaserne and housed the 1st Battalion of Infantry Regiment No. 102 as well as the 13th Infantry Gun and 14th Anti-Tank Company. In 1945 the barracks complex was taken over by the 841st Chernovtsian Guards Artillery Regiment from the 11th Red Banner Guards Panzer Division and used by various Soviet artillery and missile troops until 1993.

  • Barracks on Planitzstrasse around 1900

  • Barracks on Planitzstrasse

  • Memorial of the 181st Infantry Regiment

  • Inscription of the memorial

Firing range and tank farm

As early as 1851, four shooting ranges were set up in the south-eastern part of the Zeisigwald near the Heideschänke, which the infantry brigade "Prinz Maximilian" used as a firing range in the new barracks on Zschopauer Strasse . From 1871 the facility was expanded again and again, so that by 1894 there were already eight shooting lanes. The construction of the barracks on Planitzstrasse made additional extensions necessary. In addition to additional shooting ranges, shelters and a canteen were built. With the introduction of the machine guns, the systems had to be reinforced and expanded again. In 1920 there were finally 13 shooting ranges. With the end of the First World War and the demobilization , the use of the shooting range also ended and communal usage concepts for the area were drawn up. The area was finally used for the so-called “children's forest drives”; Outdoor holiday games with sports and games. For this purpose, small gardens and ponds were created. Due to the inflation , however, the children's forest drives came to an end. In 1925 the Saxon State Police built a swimming pool on the site for the Chemnitz Police Sports Club . This was used from 1927 to 1945 and then fell into disrepair.

In the Third Reich, the firing range was revived (probably with the reintroduction of compulsory military service in 1935). In addition to target practice, executions at the machine gun range were also carried out here from 1940. One of the most famous victims was the foreign correspondent and resistance fighter Otto Schmerbach , who handed over the town of Siegmar-Schönau to the American troops in early 1945 without a fight. After the handover, he was overpowered by a werewolf squad in a firefight and then imprisoned in the hospital. On April 20, 1945 he was sentenced to death by the court and shot on April 21 in the Zeisigwald.

After the end of the war, the Soviet occupation forces took over the site. Practice on the old shooting ranges did not begin until 1949. In 1960 the site was used as a tank storage facility for the Soviet Army. With an area of ​​21 hectares and a total of 197 underground tanks, it was one of the largest tank farms of the Soviet armed forces in Germany. Mainly diesel fuel was stored here , which was pumped from the Hilbersdorf train station into the tank farm via a field line. The shooting ranges were used by the People's Police and combat groups until 1989 . From 1990 to 1993 the Soviet troops withdrew.

The soil, groundwater and surface water in this part of the forest were heavily contaminated with mineral oil hydrocarbons (MKW). In 1993, the recording and investigation of environmental damage began, which lasted until 1996. The targeted demolition, renovation and recultivation work could not begin until 1996, and was completed in 1997. A total of 700 t of contaminated soil was excavated and decontaminated and 80 m³ of contaminated water, 610 t of scrap, 6,890 t of construction waste, 100 t of asbestos and 800 t of wood and other waste were recovered. Subsequently, the renaturation and recultivation to the local recreation area with green areas, ponds, ponds, swamps and paths took place. Large parts of the area now belong to the FND headwaters in the southern Zeisigwald . Overall, the measures cost DM 5.12 million (around € 3,621,000 today). A 4.9 hectare part of the area has been a natural monument since 2003.

  • Dig the firing range

  • Access to the tank farm

  • Renaturation badge

  • Spring meadow in the renatured tank farm

  • Pool

  • pond

  • pond

Beutenberg flak position

The Beutenberg with its observation tower served as a flak position during World War II. To the east of the Zeisigwald there was a site training area from 1930 to 1992 , which extended to the Eibsee and the Euba dam . The People's Police used the area as a shooting range. Large areas of the areas were renatured in the 1990s .

Bombing of the Siskin Forest during World War II

During the Allied air raids on Chemnitz in March 1945, 260 bomb craters were created in the Zeisigwald, many of which can still be seen today. However, the forest was not the target of the attacks. The bombs that fell in the Zeisigwald were intended for three purposes: The hits in the north-western forest area were supposed to hit the Hilbersdorf freight and marshalling yard , and the barracks in the south-western Zeisigwald were actually supposed to be hit. The hits in the area of ​​the Beutenberg were aimed at the flak position.

Drinking water supply

In the middle of the 16th century the Goldborn spring was developed to meet the growing demand for drinking water in the growing city of Chemnitz. Since there was volcanic rock with good filter properties in the catchment area of the spring, the spring provided particularly pure water. The nearby Blauborn spring was also developed. The water from both springs was led into the city via wooden pipes. Around 1870 the springs began to be used as an excursion destination for the urban population, and their importance for the drinking water supply decreased. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Borne ceased to be used for the city's drinking water supply. Today the Röhrweg, which was designed as a control path for the pipelines, is still reminiscent of the former course of the pipe route.

Not far from the Beutenberg summit, an elevated tank for drinking water was built around 1900. This consists of two water tanks with a total capacity of 5,000 m³ (5 million liters). From 2007 to 2008 this was extensively renovated.

  • Beutenberg water tank

  • Beutenberg water tank

  • Beutenberg water tank

Other use

dairy

A cooperative dairy was built in 1900 between the stadiums, on the forest road. As early as 1911, it was one of the largest dairies in Germany. In 1930 it was expanded and rebuilt again. Daily milk production at peak times was 40,000 liters of milk per day. After 1945, the dairy in a was Volkseigenen operating converted. In the 1970s, a new drinking milk filling plant was built. This blocked off the south-western main entrance to the Zeisigwald and covered parts of the Engelmann pond. In 1992 the dairy was taken over by the Müllermilch company. After a new dairy was built in Leppersdorf , it was closed and demolished in 2002. In the period from 2009 to 2012, the last building remains were demolished, sealed areas were broken open and the site was renatured after it had been freed from contaminated sites.

Police barracks

In 1938 a police barracks was built at the western end of the forest road. From 1939 the Gendarmerie Corps was stationed there. After the Second World War, the police barracks were the seat of the Ordnungspolizei of the city of Chemnitz until 1952 , and then until the fall of the Wall, the seat of the district authority of the German People's Police in Karl-Marx-Stadt . In 1991, the Chemnitz District Police Department took over the complex, which until 2005 became the seat of the Chemnitz State Police Department and the Chemnitz Police Headquarters . An extensive renovation of the area was then carried out. As a result of the reorganization of the Saxony Police , the Chemnitz Police Headquarters was dissolved and the Chemnitz Criminal Police Inspection moved into the building complex.

Carcass disposal facility (TKBA)

In 1900 the city council announced the establishment of a meat-processing plant for processing animal carcasses near Dresdner Strasse. Contrary to the low "meat broth-like" odor nuisance forecast according to the expert report, a strong odor nuisance with a rotting smell developed for the neighboring Hilbersdorf. Only with a reconstruction of the facility in 1992 could the strong smells of decay be put to an end. Until 2003 it was operated under the name TSA-SN-1, at the end of 2003 the animal carcass recycling in the Zeisigwald was stopped. In the period from 2005 to 2011, the facility was dismantled and the 0.5 hectare area renatured.

Waste management

From the 1920s, the city's waste management began replenishing the disused quarries with garbage. There was no waste separation. Constantly increasing odor pollution for Hilbersdorf as well as multiplying rats made it mandatory to cover the waste in the 1930s. This backfilling of the individual quarries south of the White Way continued until the 1970s. The waste in the quarries was leveled and covered with a 2 m cover layer of earth. The area was then planted with trees. In 1974, the orderly landfilling of waste began north of the Weißer Weg on the new Weißer Weg landfill . A lack of waste separation and high compression led to large landfill fires regularly during the GDR era. In addition, the 40,000 m³ of industrial waste deposited led to immense environmental pollution. At times the landfill was also operated as a pollutant landfill. After 1989 the landfill was first operated as a municipal landfill for the city of Chemnitz, and from 1997 as an association landfill of the Chemnitz Waste Management Association. From 1997 onwards, the landfill body was extensively refurbished in accordance with the TASi regulations . At that time, the landfill had reached an area of ​​40 hectares and a height of 60 m, the landfill body contained 8 million cubic meters of waste. The landfill embankment was provided with a base seal and recultivated, the surface of the landfill was covered with an asphalt sealing system. Any landfill gas that arises is now extracted and used for energy purposes, and seepage water is collected and clarified . The renovation work cost 48.6 million euros. Since 2005 only waste of landfill class I may be landfilled . After the operating license expired in 2009, the acceptance of waste was discontinued. The new landfill body was temporarily covered and greened. After the final settlement, an end seal should also take place here. The entrance area of ​​the landfill has been used as a transshipment point for waste and a recycling center since 2009.

  • Weißer Weg landfill

  • Weißer Weg landfill

Overview map

Overview map Zeisigwald
 Legend
  • Area of ​​the former porphyry and porphyry tufa quarries
  • Former tank farm of the Soviet troops, previously a firing range and police bath
  • Weißer Weg landfill with garbage sorting system, previously also Porphyrtuff quarry
  • Former barracks of the 15th Royal Saxon Infantry Regiment No. 181 and the 3rd Royal Saxon Uhlan Regiment No. 21
  • Zeisigwaldkliniken Bethanien Chemnitz

    • 1: Gasthaus Zeisigwaldschänke
    2: Gasthaus Heideschänke
    3: Porphyry house at Dresdner Straße 230 of the former head master of the Chemnitz stonemasons' guild
    4: Devil's bridges, access to the Ratssteinbruch
    5: Fuchsberg viewpoint at the edge of the Ratssteinbruch
    6: former Reichsbahnbad
    7: former Zeisigwaldbad
    8: monument for the fallen soldiers of the 15th Royal Saxon Infantry Regiment


    literature

    • Gerhard Krönert, Maik Wagner: Chemnitz-Hilbersdorf and the Zeisigwald . Communications from the Chemnitz History Association (special issue 2001). Published by the Chemnitzer Geschichtsverein eV in cooperation with the Hilbersdorf Local History Working Group. Chemnitz History Association, Chemnitz 2001, DNB 963680846
    • Thorid Zierold: The Zeisigwald - Forays through nature and history . Museum für Naturkunde Chemnitz 2009, ISBN 978-3-00-030039-4 The Zeisigwald - Forays through nature and history (review on: chemnitz-lebt.de )
    • Hilmar Uhlich: The Engelmann pond in the Zeisigwald and an old forest park plan . In: Chemnitz Roland. Vol. 12 (2005), pp. 17-20; Vol. 13 (2006), pp. 9-11.
    • Hilmar Uhlich: The treasure behind the Teufelsbrücken: quarry stories from the Zeisigwald. Part 1. In: Chemnitz Roland. Vol. 16 (2009), 2, pp. 23-26.
    • Hilmar Uhlich: The last stonemasons in the old Finderwirth break: quarry stories from the Zeisigwald. Part II. In: Chemnitz Roland. Vol. 16 (2009), 3, pp. 25-27.
    • Ute Giloj: The Zeisigwaldschänke - An excursion into the Chemnitz Zeisigwald and its history . Kommunikation & Design Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-9811088-0-4 .
    • NN: The urban air bath in the Zeisigwald . Report on the administration and the status of community affairs in the factory and trading town of Chemnitz. Chemnitz 1908, pp. 181-184.
    • Gottfried Becker: The white stag in the Chemnitz Zeisigwald . In: Glückauf. Vol. 11, 2001, p. 252.
    • NN: The barracks at the Zeisigwald . In: Latest News. 1900, 16

    Web links

    Commons : Zeisigwald  - collection of images, videos and audio files

    Coordinates: 50 ° 50 ′ 43 ″  N , 12 ° 58 ′ 10 ″  E

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Ute Giloj, Tilmann Krieger, Stefan Weber, Thomas Morgenstern, et al .: Die Zeisigwaldschänke - A trip to the Zeisigwald in Chemnitz and its history . Kommunikation & Design Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-9811088-0-4 .
    2. ↑ a b c Zeisigwald. In: Karl-Marx-Stadt (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 33). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1979, pp. 171-173.
    3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Gerhard Krönert, Maik Wagner: Chemnitz-Hilbersdorf and the Zeisigwald . From the series Mitteilungen des Chemnitzer Geschichtsverein , special issue 2001. Chemnitz, Chemnitzer Geschichtsverein, 2001
    4. ^ Fuchsberg. In: Karl-Marx-Stadt (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 33). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1979, p. 146.
    5. ↑ a b c d Dr. Thorid Zierold: The Zeisigwald - Forays through nature and history . Chemnitz, Museum of Natural History Chemnitz, 2009
    6. ↑ Free press: Cyclists find the split route difficult. Retrieved May 2, 2013 .
    7. ^ Sächsische Zeitung: Office plans deaths in the Zeisigwald. Retrieved May 2, 2013 .
    8. ↑ Wolfgang Alexowsky et al .: Geological map of the Free State of Saxony 1:25 000. Explanations for sheet 5143 Chemnitz . Freiberg 2010. pp. 50-55
    9. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Hilmar Uhlich: The observation tower on the Beutenberg . Adelsberger Heimat- und district newspaper, 16th edition July / August 2011, pp. 1–4.
    10. ↑ Freie Presse: Chemnitz: Valuable Heinrich Cotta memorial stone stolen - memorial consists of 290 million years old, silicified tree trunk. Retrieved May 2, 2013 .
    11. ↑ a b c d e Steinmetzinnung Chemnitz: History of the guild of praiseworthy stonemasons in the office and the city of Chemnitz from 1797 to 1934. (PDF; 105 kB) Archived from the original on December 2, 2013 ; Retrieved April 4, 2013 .
    12. ↑ a b SZ-Online: City lets the old monument rot. Archived from the original on December 10, 2013 ; Retrieved April 4, 2013 .
    13. ^ AG Sonnenberg: Villa Herschberg - Dresdner Straße 66. Accessed April 4, 2013 .
    14. ↑ Hilbersdorf quarries. In: Karl-Marx-Stadt (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 33). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1979, pp. 145-146.
    15. ↑ http://www.fasa-ag.de/cms/upload/downloads/presse/18-fp_08_08_02.pdf (link not available)
    16. ↑ a b c d AG Sonnenberg: The green tour. Retrieved April 27, 2013 .
    17. ↑ a b c Hilmar Uhlich: The Beutenbergbaude . Adelsberger Heimat- und district newspaper, 17th edition September / October 2011, pp. 14–20.
    18. ↑ Lausitzer Rundschau: Enthusiasts want the tower on the Beutenberg again. Retrieved April 27, 2013 .
    19. ↑ Chemnitz.de Open Monument Day 2012 ( Memento from April 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
    20. ↑ Historical Chemnitz: The Zeisigwaldschänke. Retrieved April 27, 2013 .
    21. ^ Heideschänke: History. Retrieved April 27, 2013 .
    22. ↑ Free press: Chemnitzer Heideschänke: City hall withdraws demolition stop. Retrieved May 25, 2020 .
    23. ↑ Chemnitz-Yesterday-Today: The Zeisigwaldbad. Retrieved December 19, 2019 .
    24. ↑ Imago Images: Zeisigwaldbad. Search hits. Retrieved December 19, 2019 (The pictures of the fashion show are probably wrongly dated.).
    25. ^ Schlossbergmuseum Chemnitz: Sport in the GDR. Retrieved April 30, 2013 .
    26. ↑ a b umwelt.sachsen.de: 4th Saxon-Thuringian Soil Protection Days - New challenges for soil protection! - Excursion 1: Dismantling and renaturation of sealed areas in the outskirts of the city of Chemnitz. (PDF; 5.2 MB) Retrieved April 30, 2013 .
    27. ↑ Niederwiesa natural swimming pool: history. Retrieved March 14, 2014 .
    28. ^ Klinikum Chemnitz: Dresdner Straße 178. Archived from the original on October 31, 2014 ; Retrieved May 12, 2013 .
    29. ↑ http://www.chemnitz-fussball.de/verein/gelände/stadion-an-der-eubaer-straße/ (link not available)
    30. ↑ chemnitz.de: Green areas office has built new leisure activities for children and young people in the Zeisigwald - dirt road forest road. Archived from the original on October 31, 2014 ; Retrieved October 26, 2014 .
    31. ↑ a b Chemnitz.de: 12th GEO - Day of Biodiversity 2010 on June 12, 2010 in the Zeisigwald. (PDF; 105 kB) Archived from the original on December 2, 2013 ; Retrieved April 30, 2013 .
    32. ^ Sächsische Zeitung: How Otto Schmerbach died in 1945. Archived from the original on October 31, 2014 ; accessed on March 15, 2014 .
    33. ↑ History construction site 1945: Crimes at the end of the war in Chemnitz and the surrounding area. Retrieved March 15, 2014 .
    34. ↑ Saxon State Office for Environment and Geology: Contaminated Sites - Current 8/2001. (PDF; 1.7 MB) Retrieved on April 30, 2013 .
    35. ↑ Zweckverband remote water Südsachsen: Fernwasserversorgung Südsachen. Archived from the original on October 31, 2014 ; Retrieved May 12, 2013 .
    36. ^ Gunter Hüttner construction company: renovation of the Beutenberg elevated tank. Archived from the original on December 21, 2014 ; Retrieved May 12, 2013 .
    37. ↑ Chemnitz Industrial Museum: milk bottle. Archived from the original on October 31, 2014 ; accessed on May 1, 2014 .
    38. ↑ a b Chemnitz.de: European Fund for Regional Development (ERDF) - revitalization of the property at Forststrasse 16, former dairy (drinking milk filling plant). Retrieved May 1, 2014 .
    39. ^ Chemnitz.de Safekeeping of dead pets. Archived from the original on August 3, 2014 ; Retrieved March 25, 2014 .
    40. ↑ End of the landfill age - redevelopment on the Weißen Weg. Archived from the original on October 31, 2014 ; Retrieved March 25, 2014 . in the Chemnitz Official Journal, 18th edition from May 4, 2005
    41. ↑ http://www.cue-chemnitz.de/de/pdf/Deponie_Weisser_Weg.pdf (link not available)
    42. ^ Waste Management Association Chemnitz: Landfill Weißer Weg Chemnitz. Archived from the original on February 9, 2014 ; Retrieved March 25, 2014 .