Wilhelm Fischer (physician)

Wilhelm Fischer

Johann Albert Wilhelm Fischer (born August 10, 1892 in Berlin-Steglitz , † August 10, 1969 in Berlin ) was a German surgeon and university professor in Frankfurt am Main, Giessen and Kiel.

Life

Fischer's parents were the government builder Albert Fischer and his wife Agnes geb. Fisherman . Fischer married Mathilde Jaeger on August 25, 1915. They had the children Heinz (1917), Ilse (1919), Helmut (1926) and Klaus (1936). Heinz died in the Luftwaffe (Wehrmacht) in 1943 while flying a dive fighter plane . Ilse died of sepsis in 1949 .

Fischer attended the Realgymnasium Lichterfelde , which he left at Easter 1910 with the Abitur. He first studied medicine at the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg . In 1910 he became active in the Corps Rhenania Freiburg . As an inactive , he moved to the University of Rostock , the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin and the Friedrichs-Universität Halle . With the state examination on March 4, 1915, he was licensed as a doctor and awarded a Dr. med. PhD. He did military service at the rank of junior doctor, then as assistant doctor d. R. and from 1917 as senior physician d. R. until September 30, 1919. From January 1, 1919 he was a volunteer, then assistant for pathology at the University of Halle and a surgeon with Victor Schmieden at the University of Frankfurt a. M., at the University Hospital Frankfurt am Main . With him he completed his habilitation on May 31, 1923. From October 1, 1924, he was senior physician and private lecturer , from March 14, 1928, associate professor for surgery in Frankfurt and had a teaching position for trauma surgery.

After being named in Düsseldorf in 1931 and in Cologne in 1932, he followed the call of the Hessian Ludwig University on October 1, 1933, to its chair for surgery. On April 1, 1938, he was appointed director of the surgical clinic at the Christian Albrechts University in Kiel . In 1941/1942 he was dean of the medical faculty. He declined appointments to the Silesian Friedrich Wilhelms University and the Medical Academy in Düsseldorf .

In order to be able to participate in the development of the university (including the ongoing reform of the curricula), he and colleagues joined the NSDAP in 1933. However, as expectations were not met, AW Fischer remained inactive. A request from the National Socialist Motor Corps to use the Gießen surgical clinic as a rescue center for motorsport events could not be refused by AW Fischer. He was given the rank of group leader in gratitude. However, AW Fischer never took part in the service, which was not expected.

On November 10, 1938, as a result of the National Socialist November pogroms, the two Jewish merchants Lask and Leven were admitted to the Kiel Surgical Clinic with life-threatening abdominal bowel and head and chest gunshot wounds. The performance of the medical duties for the two seriously injured people was out of the question for AW Fischer. However, as there was a risk of serious consequences for this medical treatment, the Jewish merchants were operated on and treated personally by him. The threatening consequences for the clinic and the staff could be averted with luck. For the successful medical treatment of the Chief of Staff Theuermann, Fischer was appointed Obersturmführer in 1943 and his rank as advisory surgeon in the Navy was brought into line with that of Sturmbannführer in 1944. However, Fischer never held corresponding offices or tasks of a non-medical nature in the SS.

After the end of the war, the chair for surgery at the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel was filled by AW Fischer during internment. Despite rehabilitation and denazification, Fischer was unable to return to his clinic. On April 1, 1951, he took over the newly established Kiel-Wik department of the Surgical University Clinic. On November 15, 1948, he was again appointed to the civil service for life and was appointed professor of surgery. AW Fischer held lectures and held exams again until September 30, 1962. From March 1, 1953, he was also the honorary head of the Wik department of the DRK-Anschar hospital and the Quickborn house. In 1954 he headed the 73rd meeting of the Association of Northwest German Surgeons . Fischer died after a short, serious illness that was attributed to old ailments.

See also : List of Advisory Surgeons in the Wehrmacht

Honorary memberships

Old Kiel surgery

• 1951 German Society for Trauma Medicine
• 1958 Medical Society Kiel
• 1962 Association of Northwest German Surgeons
• 1963 Middle Rhine Surgeons Association
• 1963 German Society for Radiology
• 1964 Surgery section of the German Society for Clinical Medicine in the GDR.
• 1967 International College of Surgeons (after several years of presidency)
• 1969 German Society for Surgery

Honors

• 1957 Badge of Honor of the German Red Cross as regional doctor
• 1960 ADAC gold badge as a consultant
• 1962 election as President of the German Society for Surgery
• 1962 Grand Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
• 1965 Dr. med. hc from the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg in recognition of the services rendered to surgery on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the doctorate day

Publications

• more than 300 manual articles and monographs
• since 1931 various manuals on medical examinations and insurance
• 7th edition of the Bier-Braun-Kümmell'schen operation theory in cooperation with Erwin Gohrbandt and Ferdinand Sauerbruch
• Development of various surgical and examination procedures

literature

• Schleswig-Holstein Biographical Lexicon. Volume 2. Published by Olaf Klose and Eva Rudolph on behalf of the Society for Schleswig-Holstein History . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1971, pp. 140-143.
• Karl-Werner Ratschko: A Nazi, not a party man. The surgeon Albert Wilhelm Fischer as head of the clinic and dean of the Medical Faculty in Kiel during National Socialism . Schleswig-Holsteinisches Ärzteblatt 5/2015, pp. 18–21.
• Rüdiger Döhler , Heinz-Jürgen Schröder and Eike Sebastian Debus : Surgery in the North. For the 200th meeting of the Association of North German Surgeons in Hamburg 2017 . Kaden Verlag, Heidelberg 2017, ISBN 978-3-942825-67-2 , pp. 108-109.

Web links

• Literature by and about Wilhelm Fischer in the catalog of the German National Library
• Surgery Ordinaries in Kiel

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 35/815
2. ^ Enrollment of Wilhelm Fischer in the Rostock matriculation portal
3. ↑ Dissertation: Etiology and clinical features of osteomas following a case of tendon dislocation behind a tibial exostosis .