Bourgtheroulde-Infreville
| Bourgtheroulde-Infreville | ||
|---|---|---|
.svg)
|
|
|
| local community | Grand Bourgtheroulde | |
| region | Normandy | |
| Department | Your | |
| Arrondissement | Bernay | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 18 ' N , 0 ° 52' E | |
| Post Code | 27520 | |
| Former INSEE code | 27105 | |
| Incorporation | January 1, 2016 | |
| status | Commune déléguée | |
 Former town hall |
||
Bourgtheroulde-Infreville is a commune Déléguée in the French community Grand bourgtheroulde with 3,171 inhabitants (as of January 1 2017) in the Eure in the region of Normandy .
geography
The place is on the northern edge of the Eure département in the Roumois , around 57 kilometers southeast of Le Havre and 23 kilometers southwest of Rouen . The area is about eight kilometers west of the Boucles de la Seine Normande Regional Nature Park and about five kilometers south of the La Londe-Rouvray state forest.
Bourgtheroulde-Infreville belongs to a climate zone of type Cfb (according to Köppen and Geiger ): Warm, moderate rainy climate (C), fully humid (f), warmest month below 22 ° C, at least four months above 10 ° C (b). There is a maritime climate with a moderate summer.
history
The former community Boscherville was incorporated in 1964, it had only 73 inhabitants in 1962. The former parish of Infreville was incorporated in 1973, it had 385 inhabitants in 1968. 1973 Bourgtheroulde-Infreville was given its current name. The population increase in 1975 is due to the incorporation of Infreville but from 1975 to 1982 the population increase is much stronger. The number of inhabitants almost doubles (see table).
With effect from January 1, 2016, the former municipalities of Bourgtheroulde-Infreville , Bosc-Bénard-Commin and Thuit-Hébert were merged into a Commune nouvelle called Grand Bourgtheroulde. The municipality of Bourgtheroulde-Infreville belonged to the Arrondissement of Bernay and the canton of Bourgtheroulde-Infreville .
History of Bourgtherouldes
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1846 | 784 |
| 1881 | 691 |
| 1891 | 767 |
| 1911 | 613 |
| 1954 | 522 |
| 1962 | 708 |
| 1968 | 881 |
| 1975 | 1317 |
| 1982 | 2559 |
| 1999 | 2812 |
| 2008 | 2915 |
| 2016 | 3100 |
founding
Bourgtheroulde [ butʀudə ] owes its name to a seigneur named Turold . Théroulde is the French version of the name. Around 1025 Théroulde either inherited the land from his father or it was given to him by Duke Robert I († 1035). Because Théroulde is said to have been the teacher of William the Conqueror (1027 / 28-1087). In any case, he founded the village of Bourgtheroulde. Around 1031 he is mentioned as Chévalier Toroldus together with Osbern de Crépon († 1040) in a document from the Abbey of Saint-Wandrille . In 1035 Robert I made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem . His son Wilhelm stayed in Normandy. Théroulde was killed in 1040, at the same time as Osbern de Crépon, who died protecting Wilhelm from an assassination attempt.
Ancien Régime
Towards the end of the 11th century, Robert I. d'Harcourt received the Seigneurie Bourgtheroulde. In 1123, the then Count of Harcourt participated in the rebellion of Galéran IV. De Meulan (1104–1166) and Amaury III. de Montfort († 1137) against Henry I of England (1068–1135). Heinrich I, or his chamberlain Guillaume I de Tancarville ( House Tancarville ), succeeded in capturing Galéran IV. De Meulan in a battle near Bourgtheroulde in March 1124. Amaury III. de Montfort fled and the rebellion broke up.
From the early 13th century Bourgtheroulde was the seat of a deanery . There were up to six fiefs in the village, shared by the Ferrières, Tournebu and Thibouville families until the 15th century. The Hundred Years War (1337-1453) had disastrous consequences for Bourgtheroulde. In 1422 the deanery did not collect a single sou of taxes. The files of the Archdiocese of Rouen from 1441 state that Bourgtheroulde and the surrounding towns had been deserted for six years. In the same year the Saint-Laurent church was damaged by soldiers. In 1452 Jean VII. D'Harcourt died and his daughter Jeanne († 1456) inherited the Seigneurie Bourgtheroulde and brought it into the de Rieux family .
From 1482 there were disputes over the legacy of Jeans VII. D'Harcourt between the de Rieux and Guise family branches . In the course of these disputes, Bourgtheroulde was sold in 1499 to the then President of the Parlement de Normandie , Guillaume Le Roux d'Esneval. He had the Saint-Laurent church restored and a hotel called Bourgtheroulde built in Rouen around 1506. Guillaume Le Roux d'Esneval was buried in the Saint-Laurent church after his death.
In 1617 the Seigneurie Bourgtheroulde was raised to a barony under the rule of Nicolas Le Roux († 1621) . Nicolas Le Roux and his son, however, sided with Henri II d'Orléans-Longueville during the Fronde and fell out of favor. The population of Bourgtheroulde was again decimated by the Fronde. 1781 Bourgtheroulde was raised to marquisate . Claude IV. Le Roux († 1632) became President à mortier (high judicial officer) of the Parlement of Rouen after the death of his father . His son had the church of Saint-Laurent, which had since been damaged again, restored. In 1691 the barony was sold. In 1692 a school in Bourgtheroulde is mentioned in a document.
1781 Bourgtheroulde for Jean-Baptiste le Cordier des Bigards († 1830) was attached to the Marquisate of La Londe ( Département Seine-Maritime ).
After the revolution
1793 received Bourgtheroulde-Infreville in the course of the French Revolution (1789-1799) as Bourgtheronde the status of a municipality and 1801 as Bourgthéroude the right to local self-government.
In the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) Bourgtheroulde was occupied by German troops in December 1870.
During the Second World War (1939-1945) Bourgtheroulde was occupied by German troops. The headquarters was in the Manoir du Logis, built in 1902 . In the summer of 1944, during Operation Overlord , the town was bombed by the Allied Air Force . On August 26, 1944, the community was liberated by Canadian troops. 15 Canadians were killed and 36 wounded in the liberation. 12 of the Canadians were provisionally buried on private property. On June 4 and 5, 1945, the dead were dug up again and taken to Bretteville-sur-Laize ( Calvados department ), where they were buried again in the Canadian military cemetery there.
History of Infreville
Shards and painted tiles from the Gallo-Roman period (52 BC to 486 AD) were found in the ruins of the old manor house by the Saint-Ouen church . The Roman road from Rouen (Rotomagus) to Brionne (Breviodurum) led along there. Infreville was first mentioned in 1180 as a Wifrevilla . In 1250 it appears in documents as the Iffrevilla . The place name was composed of a Germanic name Witfrid (us) or Wifred and the word -villa . In 1213, the Bishop of Lisieux and the Abbot of Jumièges signed a treaty on " cleared areas in the forest of La Londe near Infreville" (essarto foreste de Londa apud Wifrevillam) . The cleared land remained in the possession of the Abbey of Jumièges and in 1230 part of the income of the abbey came from Infreville. The Bec Abbey had in 1453 a plot of land in the village. In the 16th century, the church patronage in Infreville belonged to the Le Roux family. In 1673 Infreville was attached to the Marquisate of La Londe. In Infreville there were several fiefdoms, the Grainville fiefdom was not subordinate to the Marquisate La Londe, but to the Marquisate Pont-Audemer .
History of Boscherville
Boscherville was first mentioned in a document in 1207 in the register of Philip II (1165–1223) as a Boschervilla . Guillaume du Thuit was named as seigneur, who was also seigneur of Le Thuit-Signol . Nègre and Beaurepaire assume that the place name is composed of a name and a villa . Nègre suggests the Germanic name Bozharius and Beaurepaire the old French surname Boschier ('woodcutter'). The fiefdom was divided into two parts in the 13th century, the du Thuit family held the church patronage, while the de Boscherville family owned the secular fiefdom. In 1404 Marie de Boscherville brought the seigneurie into the de Canonville family by marriage. Her son Pierre de Canonville united the two parts of the Seigneurie. In 1601 the nobleman Jean Godard Boscherville bought it and in 1604 he sold it on to the Viscount of Pont-Authou . In 1659 Boscherville was sold to Guillaume Scot. His descendants kept Boscherville until the French Revolution and raised Boscherville to a barony.
coat of arms
The municipality's coat of arms is blue with a silver rafter , accompanied by three golden leopard heads . This is the family coat of arms of the Le Roux family, who were seigneurs of the municipality for over two centuries and during whose rule the municipality was elevated to a barony.
Culture and sights
Culture and sights of Bourgtherouldes
The former seigneurial farm (Ferme de Logis) was built in the 17th century. A pigeon house , the western gable roof of the barn and stone wells, which were entered in the supplementary directory of Monuments historiques in 1965, have been preserved from that time . The farm is privately owned. The manor house was built in the 16th century. However, only one barn has survived from that time. The house was destroyed in the course of the French Revolution in 1794 and rebuilt in the 19th century. The Saint-Adrien chapel from the 17th century originally stood on the property . It has not been preserved.
The war memorial on the Mairie was designed in 1952 by Hubert Yencesse (1900–1987), the son of the engraver Ovide Yencesse (1869–1947). The focus of the war memorial is the sculpture of a kneeling woman. The linden trees on the Mairie are officially classified as Site Inscrit ('natural monument').
The parish church of Saint-Laurent was built in the 14th century. The nave from that time has been preserved. The bell tower dates from the 15th, the choir from the 16th century. The sacristy was built in the 19th century. In the Ancien Régime the seigneur was a patron of the church .
The manor Château Gasse Keller was built at the end of the 19th century by order of the industrialist Félix Gasse. During the Lothar storm in December 1999, numerous trees in the park of the Château were uprooted or damaged. The building was restored from 2008 to 2010. It is owned by the municipality and is used for cultural events.
Culture and sights of Infrevilles
The Saint-Ouen church was built in the 13th century. Its choir and bell tower were entered in the supplementary directory of the Monuments historiques in 1961. Only the bell tower dates back to the 13th century, the choir from the 16th century was made of limestone from the Senonium ( pierre de Caumont built) on the foundation of an older church. In 1982 restoration work was carried out to reduce the damage caused by acidic exhaust gases from the local industry. The choir has eight ogival windows, one of which has been walled up. On the outside wall of the church you can still see traces of a liter funéraire ('mourning ribbon') with the Le Roux coat of arms. It dates from either 1672 or 1712. The yew trees in the church cemetery are officially classified as site classé .
In the hamlet of Saint-Martin, the Saint-Martin and Saint-Nicolas priory was founded around 1130, which was subordinate to the Saint-Georges de Boscherville Abbey in Saint-Martin-de-Boscherville . In 1703 a new chapel was built. The priory was dissolved during the French Revolution. The house was rebuilt in 1858.
Infreville is a fictional Norman place name in Marcel Proust's (1871–1922) In search of lost time (à la recherche du temps perdu) .
Culture and sights of Boschervilles
The Saint-Sauveur church was built in the 12th century. It is consecrated to the Savior today , but was still consecrated to Our Lady in the 13th century . Only the buttress at the back of the choir has survived from that time . The west facade and south wall of the nave date from the 16th century. The north wall was renewed in the 17th century. In 1924 the church was officially classified as a monument.
Economy and Infrastructure
In the 19th century there was a brickworks , weaving mill and candle factory in Bourgtheroulde , and there was also a brickworks in Infreville. Important branches of business were agriculture and fruit growing (apples). The apples were made into cider . At farmers' markets was charged with livestock , materials traded and garments. In 1902 the Filoque company in Bourgtheroulde produced automobiles .
Today there are numerous craft and commercial businesses in the village. The largest company is a wholesaler for organic cleaning products and food , employing 108 people. In 1984 the municipal association bought the Manoir du Logis and converted it into a retirement home . Protected Geographical Indications (IGP) apply to pork (Porc de Normandie) , poultry (Volailles de Normandie) and cider ( Cidre de Normandie and Cidre normand ) in the municipality .
In Bourgtheroulde there is the Léonard de Vinci kindergarten , the Hector Malot primary school and the Jean de La Fontaine college . The community also has a city library .
At Bourgtheroulde there is a junction of the Autoroute A 13 . In the neighboring village of Thuit-Hébert Thuit-Hébert - the station is Bourgtheroulde. It is served by the TER trains on the Rouen - Bernay - Caen line. The nearest airport is Rouen Airport , the nearest port is also in Rouen.
literature
- Pierre-Polovic Duchemin: Histoire de Bourgtheroulde et de sa collégiale . Imprimerie Administrative, Pont-Audemer 1888 ( gallica.bnf.fr [accessed September 7, 2011]).
Web links
- Bourgtheroulde-Infreville in the Base Mémoire des Ministère de la Culture (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c La ville de Bourgtheroulde-Infreville. In: Annuaire-Mairie.fr. Retrieved August 27, 2011 (French).
- ↑ a b c Bourgtheroulde-Infreville - notice communal. In: cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved August 26, 2011 (French).
- ^ A b c d e Daniel Delattre, Emmanuel Delattre: L'Eure, les 675 communes . Editions Delattre, Grandvilliers 2000, pp. 50 (French).
- ↑ a b c d e f Anatole Caresme Charpillon: Dictionnaire historique de toutes les communes du département de l'Eure: histoire, geographie, statistique . tape 1 . Delcroix, Les Andelys 1868, p. 432–434 + 517–526 (French, limited preview in Google Book search).
- ^ Edward Augustus Freeman : The History of the Norman Conquest of England: Its Causes and Its Results . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2011, ISBN 978-1-108-03008-3 , pp. 196–198 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search - reprint).
- ^ David Crouch: The Beaumont Twins: The Roots and Branches of Power in the Twelfth Century . In: Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought: Fourth Series . 2nd Edition. tape 1 . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2008, ISBN 978-0-521-09013-1 , pp. 21–24 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
- ^ Jacques Tanguy: L'hôtel de Bourgtheroulde. In: rouen-histoire.com. December 2005, accessed August 27, 2011 (French).
- ↑ Gilles Rossignol: Yours . La Renaissance du Livre, Tournai 2001, ISBN 2-8046-0507-8 , pp. 224 f . (French).
- ^ Franck Beaumont, Philippe Seydoux: Gentilhommières des pays de l'Eure . Editions de la Morande, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-902091-31-2 ( formally incorrect ) , p. 207 (French).
- ↑ Alex Gardin: La guerre de 1870–1871 à Bernay . Les Éditions Page de Garde, Saint-Aubin-les-Elbeuf 1997, ISBN 2-84340-037-6 , p. 45 (French, first edition: 1898, reprint).
- ↑ A.-V. de Walle: Évreux et l'Eure pendant la guerre . Charles Herissey, Évreux 2000, ISBN 2-914417-05-5 , pp. 177 (French, first edition: 1946).
- ↑ Terry Copp: The Brigade: The Fifth Canadian Infantry Brigade in World War II . Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburg (Pennsylvania) 2007, ISBN 978-0-8117-3422-6 , pp. 109–115 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search - paperback).
- ^ VR 18. De Brionne à Troyes par Rouen et Paris. In: Itinéraires Romains en France. Retrieved September 6, 2011 (French).
- ^ A b Ernest Nègre: Toponymie générale de la France . tape 2 . Librairie Droz, 1996, ISBN 2-600-00133-6 , pp. 928 + 940 (French, limited preview in Google Book search).
- ^ Albert Dauzat, Charles Rostaing: Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de lieux en France . Guénégaud, 1979, ISBN 2-85023-076-6 , pp. 361 (French).
- ^ A b François de Beaurepaire: Les noms des communes et anciennes paroisses de l'Eure . A. and J. Picard, 1981, ISBN 2-7084-0067-3 , pp. 71 + 131 (French).
- ↑ Auguste Le Prevost : Mémoires et notes de M. Auguste Le Prevost pour servir à l'histoire du département de l'Eure . Ed .: Léopold Delisle, Louis Paulin Passy. tape 2 . Auguste Herissey, Évreux 1864, p. 282 f . (French, limited preview in Google Book Search).
- ↑ Denis Joulain, Jean-Paul Fernon: L'Eure des Blasons . Armorial des communes du département de l'Eure. Les Éditions d'Héligoland, Pont-Authou 2008, ISBN 978-2-914874-58-8 , pp. 46 f. +132 (French).
- ↑ a b c List of the Communes. (No longer available online.) In: eure.pref.gouv.fr. Préfecture Eure, archived from the original on April 27, 2013 ; Retrieved August 29, 2011 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c Architecture. In: Base Mérimée. Ministère de la culture, accessed on August 27, 2011 (French).
- ↑ Bourgtheroulde: 1996/2000. Suzanne Morillon-Vilatte, accessed August 29, 2011 (French).
- ↑ Sodome et Gomorrhe , Partie 2, chapitre 2 and La Prisonnière , chapitre 1 ( Wikisource , French)
- ↑ Bienvenue sur le site de Domi Bio. In: domi-bio.fr. Retrieved August 29, 2011 (French).
- ^ Halt ferroviaire de Bourgtheroulde - Thuit-Hébert. (No longer available online.) In: ter-sncf.com. Archived from the original on March 1, 2011 ; Retrieved August 29, 2011 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
