Pont-Authou
| Pont-Authou | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Normandy | |
| Department | Your | |
| Arrondissement | Bernay | |
| Canton | Pont-Audemer | |
| Community association | Pont-Audemer Val de Risle | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 15 ′ N , 0 ° 42 ′ E | |
| height | 37-136 m | |
| surface | 3.52 km 2 | |
| Residents | 632 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 180 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 27290 | |
| INSEE code | 27468 | |
| Website | Mairie Pont-Authou | |
 Mairie ("Town Hall") |
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Pont-Authou is a French municipality with 632 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the Eure in the region of Normandy . It belongs to the canton of Pont-Audemer .
geography
Pont-Authou is located in the Risle Valley , on the western edge of the Roumois , 48 kilometers southeast of Le Havre . Neighboring municipalities of Pont-Authou are Thierville in the northeast, Authou in the southwest, Le Bec-Hellouin in the southeast and Freneuse-sur-Risle in the northwest. The municipality covers 352 hectares, the mean height is 87 meters above sea level , the Mairie stands at a height of 50 meters. The main part of the municipality is located on the orographically right bank of the Risle, but two small islands in the Risle belong to the municipality.
In addition, the stream La Croix Blanche ('the white cross') flows into the Risle here. The Authou was the name of a part of a watercourse that is now called La Croix Blanche after a leprosy near Livet-sur-Authou and in Authou it is only called le torrent ('the torrent'). It is only after it has passed Authou that the people still call it Authou today. However, this watercourse is called La Croix Blanche along its entire length on the website of the Office national de l'eau ('National Water Authority') .
Pont-Authou is assigned to a type Cfb climate zone (according to Köppen and Geiger ): warm, moderate rainy climate (C), fully humid (f), warmest month below 22 ° C, at least four months above 10 ° C (b). There is a maritime climate with a moderate summer.
history
The village is named after a bridge . It was first mentioned in 1025 as Ponthaltou , 1041 as Pontem Altoo , 1079 as Pons Haltou and 1141 as Pons Autouldi . Pons is the Latin word for 'bridge'.
Various archaeological finds from the Gallo-Roman period (52 BC to 486 AD) have been made in the municipality of Pont-Authou and are now in the museums of Évreux and Bernay . The village was then at a crossroads of the Roman roads from Lillebonne (Juliobona) via Brionne (Breviodurum) to Le Mans (Subdinum) and from Rouen (Rotomagus) via Brionne to Lisieux (Noviomagus) .
The La Poterie fief ("the pottery ") was a pottery in the 11th century. The seigneurs of this fiefdom were named after them until the 14th century. Then it came into the possession of different families through marriage. In the 11th century there was a second fiefdom called Le Gruchet , both fiefs were in the direction of Thierville. Duke Richard II gave Le Gruchet to the Jumièges Abbey in 1024 . It later became the property of Le Bec Abbey .
When Philip II of France united Normandy with the Kingdom of France in 1206, he raised Pont-Authou to a vicomté and set up a royal court there. As a result, Pont-Authou gained in importance and Authou, Thierville and Bonneville were considered its suburbs. In 1351, however, the Vicomté was dissolved and Pont-Authou was subordinated to the Vicomté of Pont-Audemer . As a result, Pont-Authou lost its importance again and was a Bailliage until 1741 and a "simple" seigneury until the French Revolution (1789–1799).
The third subordinate fief of Pont-Authou was La Bourserie . In 1497 the Abbey of Le Bec gave this fief to Robert le Boursier. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the seigneurs of the La Poterie , Le Gruchet and La Bourserie fiefdoms were members of the Allorge family . Jean Allorge called himself in 1617 "Seigneur of Le Gruchet and Pont-Authou", Nicolas Allorge called himself in 1634 "Seigneur of Le Gruchet and La Poterie". He had a chapel built in La Poterie . At the end of the 17th century, Jean-Charles Heurtault inherited the Le Gruchet fief , he was a member of the Parlement de Normandie in Rouen. The La Poterie fief was owned by the Legrix family in the 18th century . The Seigneur of La Poterie called himself "Honorary Seigneur" of Pont-Authou at that time. The last owner before the French Revolution (1789–1799) was Morin de la Rivière.
In 1793 Pont-Authou received the status of a municipality as a pontaulon in the course of the French Revolution and in 1801, as Ponteautou, the right to local self-government.
During the Second World War (1939–1945) the bridge over the Risle was bombed by the Wehrmacht air force in 1940 . The bridge and several houses were destroyed, several residents perished. In the summer of 1944, during Operation Overlord , Pont-Authou was bombed again by the Allied Air Force. The destroyed houses were rebuilt in the style of French post-war architecture.
| year | 1793 | 1806 | 1821 | 1866 | 1921 | 1975 | 1999 | 2007 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 210 | 175 | 307 | 549 | 383 | 534 | 675 | 707 | 632 |
The community had the fewest inhabitants in 1806 (175), the most in 2007 (707).
Culture and sights
The Risle valley is classified as a site classé (natural monument) and the valley of the Bec brook is classified as a site inscrit .
Pont-Authou belongs to the Roman Catholic community Communauté de Montfort , which is part of the Montgeoly parish of the Diocese of Évreux .
The original church dates from the 13th century and was consecrated by Eudes Rigaud in 1251 . It was under the Abbey of Le Bec. In the 19th century the church burned down in a fire. The current church was built in 1865 in the neo-Gothic style. Their patron saint is the saint and King Louis IX. of France (Saint Louis) . Parts of the church's furnishings come from the burned down building.
The manor Manoir de la Poterie was built in the 17th century. Construction of a new residential building began in the 18th century, but only one wing was completed. The agricultural buildings date from the 18th century. The chapel Saint-Jacques-et-Saint-Christophe was mentioned in a document in 1634 but has unfortunately not been preserved. A round pigeon house was still visible in the cadastre from 1832, but has now also been destroyed. The buildings are privately owned.
The flour mill in the lieu-dit ("place that is called ...") le Bout des Vieux was built from 1838 to 1839, around 1847 a new water wheel with a diameter of 6 meters was installed. After 1859 the buildings were enlarged. From 1869 to 1937 the mill was used as a flax mill , then operations were stopped. Today the mill is inhabited.
Economy and Infrastructure
In the 19th century, Pont-Authou was an industrial city thanks to the hydropower of the Risle. Around 1850 the community housed two spinning mills , a textile factory , a dye works , a fulling mill and three grain mills. Pont-Authou is one of the most important municipalities in the canton, apart from various retail businesses , it is home to numerous craft and industrial companies. It is also the seat of the cantonal fire brigade . The canton's only old people's home is in Pont-Authou. There is a journalism school on site and a publishing house belonging to the EDH group (Denis Huisman).
In the municipality there are controlled designations of origin (AOC) for Camembert (Camembert de Normandie) , Calvados and Pommeau (Pommeau de Normandie) as well as Protected Geographical Indications (IGP) for pork (Porc de Normandie) , poultry (Volailles de Normandie) and cider (cider) de Normandie and Cider normand) .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Jean-Paul Laroche: Confluence 2011 . entre Risle et Vièvre Patrimoine méconnu du Lieuvin. Ed .: Amis des Monuments et Sites de l'Eure + Fédération Départementale des Associations Agréées pour la Pêche et la Protection du Milieu Aquatique Eurois. Brionne 2011, p. 71 . (French)
- ↑ Fiche cours d'eau. Ruisseau de la Croix Blanche (H6210600). In: Service d'Administration Nationale des Données et des Référentiels sur l'Eau (Sandre). Office international de l'eau (OIEau), accessed on November 5, 2011 (French).
- ^ A b Village de Pont-Authou. In: Annuaire-Mairie.fr. Retrieved October 5, 2012 (French).
- ^ Ernest Nègre: Toponymie générale de la France . tape 1 . Librairie Droz, 1990, ISBN 2-600-02884-6 , pp. 26th f . ( in Google Books [accessed July 31, 2010]). (French)
- ^ VR 17: De Boulogne à Narbonne par l'ouest de la France. In: Itinéraires Romains en France. Retrieved July 30, 2010 (French).
- ^ A b Auguste Le Prevost : Mémoires et notes de M. Auguste Le Prevost pour servir à l'histoire du département de l'Eure . Ed .: Léopold Delisle , Louis Paulin Passy. tape 2 . Auguste Herissey, Évreux 1864, p. 567-572 ( at archive.org [accessed July 31, 2010]). (French)
- ↑ Louis XV. : Édit ... concernant la réunion du bailliage du Pontautout et des 4 vicomtés y ressortissantes au bailliage du Pontaudemer . Registré au Parlement de Rouen le 19 janvier 1742. Impr. Royale, Paris 1742 ( in Gallica [accessed July 31, 2010]). (French)
- ^ A b Pont-Authou - notice communal. In: Cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved July 29, 2010 (French).
- ↑ A.-V. de Walle: Évreux et l'Eure pendant la guerre . Charles Herissey, Évreux 2000, ISBN 2-914417-05-5 , pp. 176 (first published in 1946, French).
- ↑ List of the municipalities of Eure. (No longer available online.) In: eure.pref.gouv.fr. Préfecture of Eure, archived from the original on April 27, 2013 ; Retrieved on August 14, 2011 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Montgeoly. (No longer available online.) Diocèse d'Évreux, archived from the original on September 22, 2015 ; Retrieved November 27, 2011 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Pont-Authou. In: Base Mérimée. Ministère de la culture, accessed July 29, 2010 (French).
- ^ Agence 2 Presse. Agence2Presse, accessed October 5, 2012 (French).
- ↑ Les Editions d'Héligoland. In: editions-heligoland.fr. Gilles Arnaud, Franck Ledun, accessed October 5, 2012 (French).
