Le Favril (yours)
| Le Favril | ||
|---|---|---|
|
||
| region | Normandy | |
| Department | Your | |
| Arrondissement | Bernay | |
| Canton | Beuzeville | |
| Community association | Lieuvin Pays d'Auge | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 11 ' N , 0 ° 32' E | |
| height | 167-176 m | |
| surface | 4.03 km 2 | |
| Residents | 170 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 42 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 27230 | |
| INSEE code | 27237 | |
 Mairie and school were built in 1894 |
||
Le Favril is a French commune of 170 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the Eure in the region of Normandy .
geography
Le Favril is located in the Lieuvin countryside , 44 kilometers southeast of Le Havre , about 12 kilometers northwest of Bernay , the seat of the sub-prefecture of the arrondissement , and about 8 kilometers northeast of Thiberville , the capital of the canton , at an average altitude of 172 meters above the sea level . Neighboring municipalities of Le Favril are Heudreville-en-Lieuvin in the north-west, Épreville-en-Lieuvin in the north, Bazoques in the south-west and Folleville in the south-west. The municipality has an area of 403 hectares.
The municipality is assigned to a climate zone of the type Cfb (according to Köppen and Geiger) : warm, moderate rainy climate (C), fully humid (f), warmest month below 22 ° C, at least four months above 10 ° C (b). There is a maritime climate with a moderate summer.
In Le Favril, there is a risk of holes one meter deep in the ground. The so-called Marnières are old marl pits that can open, for example, after heavy rain, when the debris is washed into the side passages. On average, there are around 15 underground cavities in the Eure department, especially Marnières and infiltration areas per square kilometer. In Le Favril there are four Marnières , one karst and five cavities of unknown origin.
There is also a risk of accidents involving the transport of dangerous goods , as the municipality is located on the busy D834 department road between Bernay and Lisieux .
history
In 1409 Le Favril was a so-called Demi-fief de Haubert , roughly 'halved fiefdom of the ring armor '. This form of subdivision of fiefs was common in feudalism only in Normandy and Brittany . The owner of the fiefdom automatically became a knight when he inherited the fiefdom and was 21 years old and had to serve in his master's rural army. The ring armor was the symbol of chivalry in this context. When these fiefs were inherited, they could be divided into up to eight parts. The half-life Le Favril was under the Barony of Orbec . The high courts had the Vicomté Folleville occupied. In 1784, the Folleville Court maintained a courtroom in Le Favril, which also fed the poor .
In the 18th century until the French Revolution (1789–1799) the fiefdom belonged to the Seigneurs of Heudreville-en-Lieuvin. In the Ancien Régime , the parish priest was always appointed by the seigneur.
In 1793, during the French Revolution, Le Favril received the status of a municipality under the name of Favril and, in 1801, through the administrative reform in the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) under the current name, the right to local self-government . Le Favril belonged during the revolution to Sergenterie of Folleville and introduced two deputies for their advice. This council elected deputies to the National Assembly .
In the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871), Le Favril paid a total of 11,603 francs to the German authorities . 6979 francs in the form of duties and taxes and 4624 francs in the form of requisitioned goods or property that was destroyed.
During the Second World War (1939-1945), Le Favril was occupied by the German Wehrmacht in 1940 and liberated by Canadian forces on August 24, 1944 .
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1793 | 177 |
| 1800 | 543 |
| 1821 | 603 |
| 1856 | 492 |
| 1881 | 345 |
| 1901 | 290 |
| 1921 | 166 |
| 1946 | 156 |
| 1962 | 193 |
| 1990 | 141 |
| 2009 | 166 |
From 1398 to 1509 the number of households was sporadically determined. That was important for the collection of taxes, the so-called fouages . The historian Michel Nortier estimates the average number of people in a household in Normandy at that time at five. In Le Favril there were 29 households in 1506 and therefore around 145 inhabitants. In 1509 there were 37 households and thus 185 inhabitants.
In the year VII of the Revolution (September 22, 1798 to September 22, 1799), the census determined for the first time statistical data on the civil status and gender of the inhabitants. It was also examined how many residents had fought in the First Coalition War. In Favril there were six "Defenders of the Fatherland" ( Défenseurs de la patrie ) .
The census in 1866 also determined how many houses there were in the communities, how many residents could read and write, and who made a living from agriculture or the textile industry. At that time there were 146 houses in Le Favril. Of the 499 inhabitants, 117 could only read, 183 read and write. 354 people worked in agriculture, 42 in the textile industry.
In 2009, 21.1 percent of the workforce were employed in the municipality, the rest were commuters . 14.8 percent of the employees were unemployed . There were 99 residential buildings in the parish, seven of which were vacant.
Culture and sights
Le Favril belongs to the Roman Catholic community Communauté de Giverville that part of the parish Montgeoly the Diocese of Evreux is. Saint Genoveva of Paris is the patron saint of the Church of Sainte-Geneviève . The church stands in the middle of the cemetery, which is enclosed by a wall made of flint and brick . The church was built in the 12th century. However, only a few remains of the wall remain from that time. This includes the walled up "Paradiespforte" (porte du Paradis) in the south wall of the nave . The priest used to enter the building through this door and the coffins were carried out through this door.
The choir and the nave were renewed in the 16th century. The 16th century sections are made of black flint and white stones arranged in a checkerboard pattern . In 1786 the windows in the nave were enlarged. The apse and sacristy were also built in the 18th century. The portal porch consists of a half-timbered construction and was built in the 19th century. New church windows were made and installed in 1936 and 1937. The color blue dominates in the windows depicting the life of Saint Genoveva. In 1961 the building was entered in the additional directory of the Monuments historiques ('historical monuments') and thus listed . In 1965 a hurricane damaged the building. In 1975 lightning struck the roof of the church tower, after which the church was restored. In 2001, excessive rain caused the foundation to sink, whereupon restoration work was carried out again.
The interior of the church was restored in 1991. The furnishings date from different centuries. The altars were built in the 17th century. The church also has two processional banners from 1886 and 1891 and several processional candlesticks from the Confrérie de Charité of Le Favril. The Confrérie de charité de Saint Eutrope was founded in 1885 and took part in the first meeting of the Charités in Giverville in 1947 . At the beginning of the 20th century there was a second Catholic lay brotherhood, the Confrérie de la Sainte Vierge , better known under the name Enfants de Marie Immaculée ('Children of the Virgin Mary').
The former manor house La Bucaille is now only a ruin and is used as a stable. It is a half-timbered house with foundation walls made of flint stones.
The rectory was built in the 17th century. The half-timbered house now houses a restaurant.
Economy and Infrastructure
In the municipality, there are controlled designations of origin (AOC) for Pont-l'Évêque cheese , Calvados and Pommeau ( Pommeau de Normandie ) as well as Protected Geographical Indications (IGP) for pork ( Porc de Normandie ) , poultry ( Volailles de Normandie ) and cider ( Cider de Normandie and Cider normand ) .
There is now a primary school in Le Favril. In 1734 a school in Le Favril was first mentioned in a document. It lasted during the revolution but was closed in the 1820s. The lessons were given in neighboring communities until 1892. The school and then the Mairie were built by 1894.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Le village du Favril. In: Annuaire-Mairie.fr. Retrieved November 14, 2012 (French).
- ^ List of the Communes. (No longer available online.) In: eure.pref.gouv.fr. Préfecture Eure, archived from the original on April 27, 2013 ; Retrieved November 14, 2012 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Fief de Chevalier, ou Fief de Haubert. In: Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers. Ed .: Denis Diderot , Jean-Baptiste le Rond d'Alembert . Volume 6. Paris 1756, pp. 700 f.
- ^ Michel and Thérèse Mesnil: Le Canton de Thiberville . son histoire, son patrimoine. Imprim'eure, Conches-en-Ouche June 2003, pp. 96 + 112 f. + 189 (French).
- ↑ a b Le Favril - notice communal. In: cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved November 14, 2012 (French).
- ^ Michel and Thérèse Mesnil: Le Canton de Thiberville . son histoire, son patrimoine. Imprim'eure, Conches-en-Ouche June 2003, pp. 64-67 + 82 (French).
- ^ Michel and Thérèse Mesnil: Le Canton de Thiberville . son histoire, son patrimoine. Imprim'eure, Conches-en-Ouche June 2003, pp. 19th f. + 22 f . (French).
- ^ Commune: Le Favril (27237). Theme: Tous les thèmes. In: Insee.fr. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques , accessed on November 14, 2012 (French).
- ↑ Montgeoly. (No longer available online.) Diocèse d'Évreux, archived from the original on September 22, 2015 ; Retrieved November 14, 2012 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Les Communes de l'Eure et leurs églises. In: patrimoine-religieux-eure.a3w.fr. Patrimoine Religieux de l'Eure, accessed February 9, 2013 (French).
- ↑ Entry No. 27237 in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Entry No. 27237 in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ^ Michel and Thérèse Mesnil: Le Canton de Thiberville . son histoire, son patrimoine. Imprim'eure, Conches-en-Ouche June 2003, pp. 132 f. + 182 + 187 + 227–231 + 304 + 317 (French).
- ^ Michel and Thérèse Mesnil: Le Canton de Thiberville . son histoire, son patrimoine. Imprim'eure, Conches-en-Ouche June 2003, pp. 327 + 334 (French).
Remarks
Literature on Le Favril that was not used directly for the creation of the article and should therefore not be cited as a reference according to the criteria of the German-language Wikipedia. The works are also cited in the above-mentioned individual references.
- ^ Michel Nortier: Contribution à l'étude de la population de la Normandie au bas Moyen Age (14e-16e siècles) . Inventaire des rôles de fouage et d'aide. In: Société parisienne d'histoire et d'archéologie normandes (ed.): Cahiers Léopold Delisle . 19f. Nogent-sur-Marne 1971 (French).