Valailles
| Valailles | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Normandy | |
| Department | Your | |
| Arrondissement | Bernay | |
| Canton | Bernay | |
| Community association | Intercom Bernay Terres de Normandie | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 7 ' N , 0 ° 36' E | |
| height | 119-164 m | |
| surface | 5.37 km 2 | |
| Residents | 384 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 72 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 27300 | |
| INSEE code | 27667 | |
 Le Theil Castle |
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Valailles is a French municipality with 384 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the Eure in the region of Normandy .
geography
Valailles is located at an average altitude of 142 meters above sea level, 27 kilometers east of Lisieux , the seat of the sub-prefecture of the Arrondissement Lisieux , and 4 kilometers north of Bernay , the administrative seat of the Arrondissement Bernay . The village is surrounded by the neighboring communities of Plasnes , Menneval and Courbépine . The municipal area includes the hamlets and farms of Le Theil, L'Église, Le Mesnil and Le Montaigu and has an area of 5.37 square kilometers.
Valailles is assigned to a type Cfb (according to Köppen and Geiger) climate zone : warm, moderate rainy climate (C), fully humid (f), warmest month below 22 ° C, at least four months above 10 ° C (b). There is a maritime climate with a moderate summer.
history
Valailles was on the Roman road from Saint-Evroult-Notre-Dame-du-Bois via Broglie , Bernay and Plasnes to Brionne (Breviodurum) .
On the occasion of his wedding in 1007, Richard II († 1026) gave his wife Judith de Bretagne (982-1017) the area of Bernay, which comprised 21 parishes, including the village of Valailles. Judith de Bretagne founded the Abbey of Notre-Dame de Bernay in 1013 . After Judith's death, the area reverted to Richard II. Shortly before his death, Richard II donated the Bernay area to the abbey in Bernay. This again included Valailles. For the completion of the Abbey of Notre-Dame de Bernay Guillaume de Dijon (962-1031) was responsible, therefore the monastery in Bernay and thus Valailles was subordinate to the Fécamp Abbey until 1028 . Henry II (1133–1189), King of England and Duke of Normandy, confirmed in 1156 the donation from his ancestor to Notre-Dame de Bernay. Valailles was mentioned again in the document. From the 17th century Valailles was a secular fiefdom; in the late 18th century until the French Revolution (1789–1799) it belonged to the Counts of Gauville.
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1793 | 408 |
| 1800 | 297 |
| 1806 | 569 |
| 1821 | 406 |
| 1851 | 364 |
| 1876 | 294 |
| 1911 | 161 |
| 1921 | 161 |
| 1975 | 180 |
| 1982 | 273 |
| 1999 | 321 |
| 2008 | 377 |
| 2017 | 384 |
In 1793 Valailles received the status of a municipality as Vallailes in the course of the French Revolution and in 1801 under its current name through the administrative reform under Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) the right to local self-government .
Between the years 1793 and 1821 there were strong fluctuations in the population. The community had the most inhabitants in 1806. The rural exodus led to a population decline after 1851. Henri-Barthélemy Le Pellerin, comte de Gauville, was Mayor of Valailles from 1845 to 1899 and also owned Le Theil Castle, which was sold after his death.
In the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) Valailles was captured by German troops in January 1871. On January 31, the German occupiers demanded the payment of a tax of 3,000 francs . The armistice, signed on January 28, 1871, was not made public until February 4.
The new Mairie was built in 1932. During World War II , Valailles was liberated by the II Canadian Corps in August 1944 . On September 3, 1944, one of the aircraft of the Forces aériennes françaises libres crashed in Valailles. The pilot died. There is a plaque in his memory on the war memorial.
Story of Le Theil
The first Seigneur du Theil mentioned in a document was Jean de Croisy. He was simultaneously Seigneur of Valailles and Procureur du Roi in Bernay. He married in 1575 and was raised to the nobility in 1596 . Le Theil Castle was first built by Louis de Croisy, who in 1617 assumed the chairmanship of the Bailliage of Évreux . His descendant Adrien de Croisy was the first chamberlain of the Duke of Orléans and was mentioned as Seigneur von le Theil in 1674 and lived mainly there. After that, the fief came into the possession of other families through marriage. In 1712 it belonged to the de La Richerie family, who were on friendly terms with the Marquise de Prie Jeanne-Agnès Berthelot de Pléneuf (1698–1727). When her castle in Courbépine was being rebuilt, she lived in Le Theil for a while. At their instigation, the banker John Law lived in Le Theil in 1723 after his escape from Paris and in 1727 the young Voltaire (1694–1778). In 1759 the last heiress of the de La Richerie family separated from le Theil.
Culture and sights
Le Theil Castle was built around 1620. In 1780 André-Jacques Barrey, a respected dragoon captain from Bernay, bought the castle and the fief. He had the castle rebuilt. After 1990 it was restored by the current owners. The castle stands in the forest of Plasnes and is a typical building in the style of Louis-Treize . The main building is flanked by two square pavilions that are connected to the main building. The right pavilion originally served as a seigneurial chapel. Two similar pavilions are isolated, they served as stables. On the site is still a pigeon house from clay from the 18th century.
A fountain from the 15th century stands in a pasture. There are also several half-timbered houses and farms from the 17th and 18th centuries in Valailles.
The Saint-Pierre church dates from the 11th century and was heavily rebuilt in the 18th century. Their patron saint is Simon Peter . The Romanesque nave has largely been preserved. The church tower was built in the 17th century. The yew tree in the church cemetery was officially classified as a Site Inscrit ('natural monument') in 1929 . It was planted on February 19, 1634.
Valailles belongs to the Roman Catholic community Communauté de Plasnes - Saint Léger de Rôtes which is part of the parish Notre Dame de Charentonne of the Diocese of Évreux .
Economy and Infrastructure
In the 19th century, Valailles mainly produced mustard and ribbons .
Today, controlled designations of origin (AOC) for Calvados and Pommeau (Pommeau de Normandie) as well as Protected Geographical Indications (IGP) for pork (Porc de Normandie) , poultry (Volailles de Normandie) and cider (Cidre de Normandie and Cidre normand) apply in the municipality. .
Web links
Remarks
- ^ A b c d Daniel Delattre, Emmanuel Delattre: L'Eure, les 675 communes . Editions Delattre, Grandvilliers 2000, pp. 278 (French).
- ↑ a b Le village de Valailles. In: Annuaire-Mairie.fr. Retrieved September 29, 2011 (French).
- ↑ Dominique Cliquet: L'Eure (= Carte Archéologique de la Gaule . Volume 27 ). Fondation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme, Paris 1993, ISBN 2-87754-018-9 , chap. 100 , p. 81 + 84 (French).
- ↑ VR 17.2. de Brionne à Dreux. In: Itinéraires Romains en France. Retrieved October 30, 2011 (French).
- ^ A. Goujon: Histoire de Bernay et de son Canton . Page de Garde, 1996, ISBN 2-84340-010-4 , pp. 47-53, 71 f., 402 f . (Reprint, original from 1875).
- ↑ a b Valailles - notice communal. In: cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved November 27, 2011 (French).
- ^ A b c Franck Beaumont, Philippe Seydoux: Gentilhommières des pays de l'Eure . Editions de la Morande, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-902091-31-2 ( formally incorrect ) , p. 289-291 .
- ↑ Alex Gardin: La guerre de 1870–1871 à Bernay . Les Éditions Page de Garde, Saint-Aubin-les-Elbeuf 1997, ISBN 2-84340-037-6 , p. 82 f . (French, first edition: 1898, reprint).
- ^ Raymond Ruffin: Le Prix de la Liberté . Juin - août 44th Presses de la Cité, 1995, ISBN 2-258-03893-6 , p. 266 .
- ^ Lieutenant René Royer. In: Aèrosteles. Retrieved November 27, 2011 (French).
- ↑ Pierre-François Lebeurier (1819–1886): État des anoblis en Normandie, de 1545 à 1661 . avec un supplément de 1398 à 1687. P. Huet, Évreux 1866, p. 91 (French, Gallica ).
- ^ List of the Communes. (No longer available online.) In: eure.pref.gouv.fr. Préfecture Eure, archived from the original on April 27, 2013 ; Retrieved October 4, 2011 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Entry No. 27667 in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Notre Dame de Charentonne. (No longer available online.) Diocèse d'Évreux, archived from the original on July 2, 2013 ; Retrieved November 27, 2011 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
