Ebbs

Ebbs
coat of arms	Austria map
Basic data
Country:	Austria
State :	Tyrol
Political District :	Kufstein
License plate :	KU
Surface:	39.98 km²
Coordinates :	47 ° 38 '  N , 12 ° 13'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 37 '48 "  N , 12 ° 12' 53"  E
Height :	475  m above sea level A.
Residents :	5,645 (Jan 1, 2020)
Postal code :	6341
Area code :	05373 and 05372 for Eichelwang
Community code :	7 05 08
Address of the municipal administration:	Kaiserbergstrasse 7 6341 Ebbs
Website:	www.ebbs.tirol.gv.at
politics
Mayor :	Josef Ritzer ( ÖVP )
Municipal Council : (2010) (17 members)	12 ÖVP , 3 SPÖ , 1 FPÖ , 1 BZÖ
Location of Ebbs in the Kufstein district
Ebbs as seen from St. Nikolaus towards the Inn
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

Ebbs is a municipality with 5645 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in the judicial district and district of Kufstein , Tyrol ( Austria ).

geography

Ebbs is located in the Lower Inn Valley near Kufstein, east of the Inn and at the foot of the Zahmer Kaiser and is one of the largest communities in the Kufstein district. In addition, Ebbs is one of the largest villages in the state of Tyrol with around 5500 inhabitants and, at 475 m above sea level, the lowest village in Tyrol. The Inn also forms the border with Bavaria here .

Community structure

The municipality comprises nine localities (population as of January 1, 2020):

• Asching (106)
• Fire (17)
• Ebbs (3082)
• Eichelwang (973)
• Kaisertal (41)
• Nutham (134)
• Oberbuchberg (90)
• Oberndorf (807)
• Wagrain-Muhltal (395)

The community consists of two cadastral communities (area 2016):

• Buchberg (1,042.54 ha)
• Ebbs (2,964.96 ha)

The area is called Untere Schranne .

Neighboring communities

Oberaudorf ( district of Rosenheim , By. , DE )	Niederndorf	Niederndorferberg
		Walchsee Rettenschöss
Kiefersfelden ( district of Rosenheim , By. , DE )	Kufstein	Kirchdorf in Tirol ( District Kitzbühel )

history

At the end of the Würm Ice Age , the southern border (with Kiefersfelden on the other side of the valley) of the Rosenheimer See , which was about the size of Lake Constance and was created by the melting waters of the Inn glacier , was roughly in the Oberndorf district .

The name Ebbs goes back to the mention in the register of the Salzburg church cadastre Notitia Arnonis from the year 788, in which with the entry “ad Episas ecclesias II cum territorio” the existence of two churches is already proven at that time. On the other hand, finds indicate that there must have been a settlement in Ebbs as early as Roman times and therefore it is assumed that the name is derived from an earlier time. Ad Episas has both Latin and Celtic roots, because Episas is derived from the Celtic horse goddess Epona and then means 'Rossbach', consequently ad Episas should be translated as 'am Rossbach'. In Ebbs there is both a stream called Ebsen and a stream called Roßbach . Which church is meant here as the second is not known, because at the time of the mention in the entry, the castle of the Lords of Ebbs , which lost its importance in the 15th century, still stood in the place of today's second church (St. Nikolaus) and subsequently fell into disrepair.

One day the gentlemen zu Ebbs moved into Wagrain Castle and the castle, which according to a document was founded in 1174, was left to the ravages of time. Today only the castle church of St. Nicholas is left of the castle. The expansion of the Kufstein Fortress certainly contributed to the ruin of the castle. There should be a tunnel connection between the knight's castle and Wagrain Castle. It is believed that it is buried today. Wagrain Castle is privately owned today and therefore cannot be visited.

From 1988 to 1992 the Oberaudorf-Ebbs power plant was built on the Inn .

Until 2007, the farms in the Kaisertal could only be reached by foot. An approx. 800 m long tunnel now leads into the Kaisertal, which makes it easier for residents to walk and which may only be used by residents. In 2008 the tunnel was completed.

Historically significant dates

• Ebbs in Roman times: It is strongly suspected that the well-known Roman road, which ran over the Brenner and through the Inn Valley, also went through Ebbs and ran over the Inn at Eichelwang. Eichelwang was called Albiancon at that time and can be seen on ancient Roman maps. From 480 onwards the Romans sought refuge in this area because the Teutons often attacked. The Romans who stayed behind were called "Walchen" (cf. Walchsee)
• 6th century: Immigration of the Bavarians (Bavarians)
• First mention of Ebbs: Ebbs was mentioned for the first time in 788 in the Notitia Arnonis (collection of the own churches). The Celtic name, however, indicates a much older age.
• 1174 Foundation of the castle of the noble family of Ebbs
• around 1400 Wagrain Castle was founded and the knight's castle fell into disrepair
• 13th and 14th centuries: the Ebbs knights often appear in tournaments, until the 1930s there were jousting games in Ebbs with a "fabulously fat knight"
• 1552 Foundation of the Ebbser Schanz (defense line with a moat, towers, weir system and drawbridge)
• 1611 Expansion of the Schanz, today's inn was once a kind of canteen for the Schanz guards
• 1703 Recapture of Kufstein by the Bavarians at the Bavarian hype, in the attempt of the Tyroleans to recapture the fortress, the Ebbs Schanz played a major role
• 1704 pillage by the Bavarians, but afterwards they had to return Kufstein
• 1780 Sale of the Schanz in private ownership, because the Schanz was no longer of any use for military purposes
• 1786 again sold to the Rieder family, the Schanz is still in their possession today. In 1945 the senseless order was issued to expand the Ebbser Schanz to stop the Americans.
• 1809 Kufstein is conquered by the Bavarians instigated by Napoleon, repeated attempts by the Tyroleans to conquer the fortress
• Ebbs was in Bavarian hands until 1814
• In 1988, on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary, an extensive book about Ebbs was published by the then principal school director Georg Anker.

Mayor since 1894

Ebbs municipal office, built in 1950.

• 1894–1906 Johann Ritzer, farmer "Uhln"
• 1907–1910 Johann Greml, farmer "Schöberl"
• 1910–1916 Peter Freisinger, farmer "Krumer"
• 1916–1919 Michael Anker, farmer "Manharter"
• 1919–1921 Jakob Atzl, landlord and timber merchant "Count"
• 1921–1922 Peter Freisinger, farmer "Krumer"
• 1922–1934 Michael Anker, farmer "Manharter"
• 1934–1938 Josef Hörhager, innkeeper and farmer, butcher "Post"
• 1938–1945 Peter Ritzer, farmer, timber merchant "Schöberl"
• 1945–1968 Johann Freisinger, master carpenter
• 1968–1987 Franz Hörhager, farmer and pensioner "Hödner"
• 1987-2004 Josef Astner, (ÖVP) innkeeper "Sattler"
• since 2004 Josef Ritzer, (ÖVP) farmer "Malerhäusl"

coat of arms

Official blazon (description of the coat of arms) of the municipal coat of arms:

"On a silver background a red rafter , underneath a black horse head turned right with a white mane."

The rafter is reminiscent of the coat of arms of the important medieval family of the Lords of Ebbs . The horse's head indicates the pre-Roman name of the community. It means Roßbach and thus testifies to the ancient tradition of horse breeding in Ebbs. (Official coat of arms interpretation)

The coat of arms was awarded on March 3, 1974.

Economy and Infrastructure

Stallion at the foal farm

Today the community is characterized by out-commuters, and businesses and above all tourism play an important role. Due to the Zahmer Kaiser and its geographically favorable location (close to Germany), there was a lot of tourism in Ebbs relatively early on. Many postcards still preserved, which also point to the development of this community, which is now a large village in the Lower Inn Valley, bear witness to this and can be seen in every Ebbs calendar designed by Georg Anker. Tourism is also responsible for the fact that the once ordinary Lower Inn Valley village of Ebbs has grown into such a well-developed community.

Ebbs is home to the Fohlenhof , the association stud of the Haflinger Horse Breeding Association of Tyrol, the largest breeding of Haflinger horses in Europe. Ebbs is also the scene of the much-visited Haflinger world exhibitions.

The community is a member of the Kufsteinerland Tourism Association .

Culture and sights

Ebbs parish church

See also:  List of listed objects in Ebbs

• Today's parish church of the Assumption of Mary is a richly furnished baroque church (called "Dom zu Ebbs"). It was rebuilt on the site of the former Gothic parish church from 1748 to 1756 according to plans by the Baroque master builder Abraham Millauer . The tower was taken over from the old church in the same place and built up. In the past - before the construction of the other churches in the " Untere Schranne " in Niederndorf and Walchsee (the church in Erl already existed at that time) - the Ebbs Cathedral, as it is affectionately known by the locals, was for all communities in the Untere Schranne responsible. Today the parish of Ebbs only shares the pastor with Walchsee because of its size. In the old Gothic Ebbs church all statues were destroyed, only the statues of Jesus and Mary were not dared to be burned. The other statues were burned because they did not want to revive the simplicity of the Gothic. The painting was done by Joseph Adam Mölk, to whom a street in Ebbs was also dedicated. The church houses a miraculous image of a seated Madonna from 1450.
• The "Antonius Chapel" in the Kaisertal, which is visited by up to 2000 visitors at the annual fair, is also worth seeing.
• The Zahme Kaiser and the Wilder Kaiser form the Kaisergebirge nature reserve .
• A special attraction of Ebbs is the “Fohlenhof” , the world's largest stud for Haflinger horses - with an accompanying museum.
• The Ebbs Rarities Zoo with more than 70 different animal species is located in a nearby forest .
• In the Kaisertal, which, like the Tame Kaiser, is largely Ebbs area, there have also been numerous finds of cave bear bones that come from bears that lived in the Tischofer cave . These finds can be viewed today in the Kufstein Fortress .

• 

  St. Nikolaus with Naunspitze

• 

  Gasthof Schanz

• 

  Wagrain Castle

Personalities

• Johann Wolfgang Baumgartner (1702–1761), painter
• Otto Mayr (1884–1952), politician ( CSP )
• Peter Aschenbrenner (1902–1998), alpinist
• Emma Freisinger (* 1932), nurse
• Walter Obholzer (1953–2008), painter
• Johannes Schweisgut (* 1960), former member of the National Council
• Monika Feuersinger (* 1965), triathlete, duathlete

literature

• Georg Anker: Ebbs - Tyrol . Published on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary of the Ebbs community. Ed .: Municipality of Ebbs. Kufstein 1988.

Web links

Commons : Ebbs  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Ebbs  - travel guide

• 70508 - Ebbs. Community data, Statistics Austria .
• Entry on Ebbs in the Austria Forum  (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
• www.ebbs.at Website of the municipality

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
2. ↑ Federal Office for Metrology and Surveying, Regional Information, reference date December 31, 2016, accessed on February 19, 2017
3. ↑ ^{a b} The Lower Schranne includes the communities Ebbs, Walchsee, Niederndorf, Niederndorferberg, Rettenschöss and Erl (Schranne was a court district.)
4. ↑ Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Volume 1: By the year 1140 . Ed .: Tiroler Landesmuseen-Betriebsgesellschaft mb H. Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2009, ISBN 978-3-7030-0469-8 , p. 39-40 No. 59 .
5. ^ Georg Anker: Ebbs - Tirol . on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary of the Ebbs community. Ed .: Municipality of Ebbs. Kufstein 1988, p. 33 .
6. ↑ Breeding successes ( Memento of the original from May 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , haflinger-tirol.com