Grebenau
coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 45 ' N , 9 ° 28' E |
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Basic data | ||
State : | Hesse | |
Administrative region : | to water | |
County : | Vogelsbergkreis | |
Height : | 286 m above sea level NHN | |
Area : | 55.37 km 2 | |
Residents: | 2381 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
Population density : | 43 inhabitants per km 2 | |
Postal code : | 36323 | |
Area code : | 06646 | |
License plate : | VB | |
Community key : | 06 5 35 006 | |
LOCODE : | DE ZGU | |
City structure: | 7 boroughs | |
City administration address : |
Amthof 2 36323 Grebenau |
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Website : | ||
Mayor : | Lars Wicke (since February 2, 2014) (Free Voters) | |
Location of the city of Grebenau in the Vogelsbergkreis | ||
Grebenau is a town in the Vogelsbergkreis in central Hesse .
geography
Grebenau is located at an altitude of 248 to 501 meters north-east of the Vogelsberg, about 26 km north-west of Fulda in the so-called Gründchen , at the confluence of the Schwarza with the Jossa .
Since 1972, when the districts of Alsfeld and Lauterbach were dissolved in the Vogelsberg district with the Hessian regional reform , the term Gründchen has been a synonym for the city of Grebenau, which has now been extended by incorporations, with its eight districts.
City structure
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Neighboring communities
Grebenau borders in the north on the city of Alsfeld and the community of Breitenbach am Herzberg ( district of Hersfeld-Rotenburg ), in the east on the city of Schlitz , in the south on the city of Lauterbach , and in the west on the community Schwalmtal .
history
The oldest traces of settlement in the area around Grebenau are found in the archaeological excavations from the time of the tumulus in the 2nd millennium BC (tumulus). The history of Grebenau is closely connected with the "road through the short Hessen" . Grebenau was probably a Carolingian street festival around 800 . Grebenau was first mentioned in a document under the name Greuenhowa in 1265. With the political structure, the area of Hersfeld and Fulda was evangelized around this time. Around 1270 a branch of the Johanniter was founded from Nidda . In 1372 Grebenau came under Landgrave Hessian influence when the Order of St. John sold his house in Grebenau to the Landgrave for 3,000 Schillings. The order received it back as a pledge, and only after the Reformation did it finally become Hessian in 1571. With the amalgamation of the two courts of the so-called "Hainische Dorf" (Wallersdorf, Hof Merlos and Bieben) with the court Grebenau to "Amt Grebenau" Grebenau received city rights on June 10, 1605.
With the introduction of the German municipal code of 1935, Grebenau lost its town and market rights. It wasn't until September 1, 1958, that she received it back, together with Romrod and Kirtorf.
Jewish community
In the 19th century Grebenau was the city with the highest proportion of Jews in Hesse.
Incorporations
On December 31, 1971, as part of the regional reform in Hesse, the previously independent communities of Eulersdorf, Reimenrod, Schwarz, Udenhausen and Wallersdorf were incorporated into the city of Grebenau. On August 1, 1972, Bieben with Merlos was added by state law.
Territorial history and administration
The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Grebenau was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:
- before 1567: Holy Roman Empire , Landgraviate of Hesse , Grebenau Office
- from 1567: Holy Roman Empire, Landgraviate Hessen-Marburg , Grebenau office
- 1604–1648: Holy Roman Empire, disputed between Landgraviate Hessen-Darmstadt and Landgraviate Hessen-Kassel ( Hessian War )
- from 1604: Holy Roman Empire, Upper Principality of Hesse , Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, Grebenau Office
- 1787: Holy Roman Empire, Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, Upper Duchy of Hesse, Grebenau Office (Grebenau Office included the towns of Bieben, Eulersdorf, Grebenau, Reimenrod, Udenhausen and Wallershof as well as Merlos.)
- from 1806: Grand Duchy of Hesse , Upper Duchy of Hesse , Oberamt Alsfeld , Office (and from 1803 court) Grebenau
- from 1812: Grand Duchy of Hesse, Gießen administrative district, Alsfeld office
- from 1815: German Confederation , Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse , Alsfeld Office
- from 1821: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, District Romrod (separation between justice ( Alsfeld district court ) and administration)
- from 1829: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, District District Alsfeld (relocation of official headquarters)
- from 1832: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, Alsfeld district
- from 1848: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Alsfeld administrative region
- from 1852: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, Alsfeld district
- from 1866: North German Confederation , Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, Alsfeld district
- from 1871: German Empire , Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, Alsfeld district
- from 1918: German Empire, People's State of Hesse , Province of Upper Hesse, Alsfeld District
- from 1945: American zone of occupation , Greater Hesse , Darmstadt administrative district, Alsfeld district
- from 1949: Federal Republic of Germany , State of Hesse , Darmstadt administrative district, Alsfeld district
- from 1972: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, Darmstadt administrative district, Vogelsberg district
- from 1981: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, Gießen district , Vogelsberg district
Courts since 1803
In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or landlords and thus for Grebenau by the Grebenau office. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .
With the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance were transferred to the newly created regional courts in 1821 as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. "Alsfeld Regional Court" was therefore the name of the court of first instance in Alsfeld from 1821 to 1879, today's district court, which was responsible for Grebenau.
On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Alsfeld district court and the district was assigned to the district of the regional court Pouring . In the Federal Republic of Germany, the superordinate instances are the Regional Court of Giessen, the Higher Regional Court of Frankfurt am Main and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.
population
Population structure
According to the 2011 census , there were 2533 inhabitants in Grebenau on May 9, 2011. These included 34 (1.3%) foreigners, 25 of whom came from outside the EU , 3 from other European countries and 6 from other countries. The inhabitants lived in 1040 households. Of these, 249 were single households , 352 couples without children and 343 couples with children, as well as 77 single parents and 19 shared apartments .
Population development
• 1791: | 602 inhabitants |
• 1800: | 663 inhabitants |
• 1806: | 797 inhabitants, 124 houses |
• 1829: | 759 inhabitants, 139 houses |
• 1867: | 671 inhabitants, 129 inhabited buildings |
• 1875: | 659 inhabitants, 122 inhabited buildings |
Grebenau: Population from 1791 to 2015 | ||||
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year | Residents | |||
1791 | 602 | |||
1800 | 663 | |||
1806 | 797 | |||
1829 | 759 | |||
1834 | 818 | |||
1840 | 802 | |||
1846 | 795 | |||
1852 | 816 | |||
1858 | 650 | |||
1864 | 674 | |||
1871 | 651 | |||
1875 | 659 | |||
1885 | 639 | |||
1895 | 652 | |||
1905 | 656 | |||
1910 | 640 | |||
1925 | 679 | |||
1939 | 676 | |||
1946 | 1,034 | |||
1950 | 1,056 | |||
1956 | 909 | |||
1961 | 926 | |||
1967 | 885 | |||
1970 | 931 | |||
1972 | 3,017 | |||
1975 | 2,892 | |||
1980 | 2,840 | |||
1985 | 2,930 | |||
1990 | 3,177 | |||
1995 | 3,086 | |||
2000 | 2,980 | |||
2005 | 2,734 | |||
2010 | 2,567 | |||
2015 | 2,375 | |||
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968. Further sources:; 1972 :; from 1975 :; 2011 census From 1972 including the towns incorporated into Hesse as part of the regional reform . |
Religious affiliation
• 1829: | 633 Protestant residents (= 83.62%), 127 Jewish (= 16.78%), 2 Catholic (= 0.26%) residents |
• 1961: | 743 Protestant (= 80.24%), 143 Catholic (= 15.44%) residents |
• 2011: | 1869 Protestant (= 73.8%), 1,869 Catholic (= 13.0%), 334 other (= 13.2%) residents |
politics
City Council
The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:
|
Parties and constituencies |
% 2016 |
Seats 2016 |
% 2011 |
Seats 2011 |
% 2006 |
Seats 2006 |
% 2001 |
Seats 2001 |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 24.7 | 4th | 32.0 | 5 | 41.6 | 6th | 45.1 | 10 | |
CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 18.8 | 3 | 25.2 | 4th | 36.5 | 6th | 31.5 | 7th | |
Free voters | Free voter greens | 39.1 | 6th | 17.5 | 2 | 21.8 | 3 | 23.4 | 6th | |
GL | Green list | 17.4 | 2 | 25.3 | 4th | - | - | - | - | |
total | 100.0 | 15th | 100.0 | 15th | 100.0 | 15th | 100.0 | 23 | ||
Voter turnout in% | 66.8 | 68.2 | 63.6 | 67.3 |
Local government association
The Grebenau community is a member of the Feldatal-Grebenau-Romrod-Schwalmtal community administration association .
Land use
The municipal area covers a total area of 5537 hectares, of which in hectares are:
Type of use | 2011 | 2015 | |
---|---|---|---|
Building and open space | 160 | 161 | |
from that | Living | 82 | 82 |
Business | 20th | 20th | |
Operating area | 18th | 12 | |
from that | Mining land | 9 | 9 |
Recreation area | 8th | 8th | |
from that | Green area | 3 | 3 |
traffic area | 219 | 219 | |
Agricultural area | 1965 | 1963 | |
from that | moor | 0 | 0 |
pagan | 0 | 0 | |
Forest area | 3113 | 3113 | |
Water surface | 27 | 27 | |
Other use | 28 | 34 |
Personalities
- Johann Georg Gottlob Schwarz (1734–1788), Protestant theologian
- Eduard Wadsack (1809–1881), member of the Reichstag and mayor of Grebenau
- Othmar Mága (1929–2020), German conductor
literature
- Literature about Grebenau in the Hessian Bibliography
- Search for Grebenau in the archive portal D of the German Digital Library
Web links
- Grebenau, Vogelsberg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Information on the community of Grebenau. In: Hessisches Gemeindelexikon. HA Hessen Agentur GmbH , 2016.
Remarks
- ↑ Not a member of any public religious community.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ a b c d Grebenau, Vogelsberg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 5, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Alsfeld and Lauterbach districts (GVBl. II 330-12) of August 1, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1972 No. 17 , p. 215 , § 3 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes for municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 346 and 347 .
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB 013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
- ^ The affiliation of the Grebenau office based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hesse : Hessen-Marburg 1567–1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
- ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB 013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 13 f ., § 26 point d IV. ( online at google books ).
- ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p. 194 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
- ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 8 ( online at google books ).
- ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1806 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1806, p. 252 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
- ^ Eva Haberkorn, Friedrich Boss: District Alsfeld 1821-1945 (= Repertories Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt ) Dept. G15 Alsfeld. P. 4 [PDF; 172 kB]. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of 1985, accessed on December 21, 2017.
- ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape 22 . Weimar 1821, p. 414 ( online at Google Books ).
- ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 101 f . ( Online at google books ).
- ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
- ^ A b Population by nationality groups: Grebenau, Stadt. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in March 2020 .
- ^ Households by family: Grebenau, city. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in March 2020 .
- ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p. 208 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
- ↑ Housing spaces 1867 . In: Grossherzogliche Centralstelle für die Landesstatistik (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1877, DNB 013163434 , OCLC 162730484 , p. 116 ( online at google books ).
- ↑ Residential places 1875 . In: Grossherzogliche Centralstelle für die Landesstatistik (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 15 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1877, DNB 013163434 , OCLC 162730484 , p. 12 ( online at google books ).
- ↑ Community data sheet : Grebenau. (PDF; 222 kB) In: Hessisches Gemeindelexikon. HA Hessen Agency GmbH
- ^ Local elections 1972; Relevant population of the municipalities on August 4, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1972 No. 33 , p. 1424 , point 1025 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.9 MB ]).
- ↑ a b Hessian Statistical Information System In: Statistics.Hessen.
- ^ Religious affiliation : Grebenau, city. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in March 2020 .
- ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006